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    Synthetic natural gas production
    13.
    发明授权
    Synthetic natural gas production 失效
    合成天然气生产

    公开(公告)号：US3917468A

    公开(公告)日：1975-11-04

    申请号：US42205173

    申请日：1973-12-05

    申请人： SHELL OIL CO

    发明人： VAN DEN BERG GODFRIED J ,  OUWERSCHUUR FRANK K G

    IPC分类号： C10J3/72 ,  B01J10/00 ,  C01B3/22 ,  C01B3/36 ,  C10G47/00 ,  C10J1/213 ,  C10K3/00 ,  C10J1/20

    CPC分类号： C10J1/213 ,  C01B3/22 ,  C01B3/36 ,  C10G2400/26 ,  Y02P20/129

    摘要： A process for the production of synthetic natural gas or town gas is described wherein the hot gaseous product of the partial combustion of a carbonaceous fuel, containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide, is passed into a carburetting zone at a temperature of from 700 to 1100*C and therein enriched with a volatile hydrocarbon carburant which on evaporation into the hot gaseous product of partial combustion is thermally cracked into methane and lighter unsaturated hydrocarbons. The carburetted gas product is then passed into a hydrogenation zone maintained at a temperature sufficient to further decompose any remaining hydrocarbon carburant and to hydrogenate the unsaturated hydrocarbons. In this process coke formation in the carburetting zone is substantially minimized by introducing the volatile hydrocarbon carburant into the carburetting zone in the form of a thin layer of liquid which is maintained at a temperature below that at which thermal cracking occurs during the time the carburant is not adsorbed by the hot gas stream.

    摘要翻译： 描述了一种生产合成天然气或城镇煤气的方法，其中含有氢和一氧化碳的含碳燃料的部分燃烧的热气体产物在700至1100℃的温度下进入化油区 并且其中富含挥发性烃渗碳剂，其在蒸发成部分燃烧的热气体产物时被热裂解成甲烷和较轻的不饱和烃。 然后将化油气体产物进入保持在足以进一步分解任何残留烃渗碳物并使不饱和烃氢化的温度的氢化区。 在该方法中，化碳区域中的焦炭形成通过将挥发性烃渗碳物以薄层液体的形式引入到化油区域而基本上最小化，该薄层液体的温度低于在渗碳时间期间发生热裂纹的温度 不被热气流吸附。

    STEAM/CARBON RATIO DETECTION AND CONTROL
    17.
    发明申请
    STEAM/CARBON RATIO DETECTION AND CONTROL 审中-公开
    蒸汽/碳比检测与控制

    公开(公告)号：US20130118077A1

    公开(公告)日：2013-05-16

    申请号：US13261553

    申请日：2010-07-02

    申请人： Michael T. Lines ,  John L. Preston

    发明人： Michael T. Lines ,  John L. Preston

    IPC分类号： C10J1/20

    CPC分类号： C10J1/20 ,  C01B3/384 ,  C01B3/48 ,  C01B2203/0233 ,  C01B2203/0283 ,  C01B2203/0415 ,  C01B2203/0465 ,  C01B2203/066 ,  C01B2203/1241 ,  C01B2203/1619 ,  C01B2203/1685 ,  C01B2203/169 ,  H01M8/0618 ,  H01M8/0631

    摘要： Steam is provided to the primary inlet (16) of an ejector (13), which also receives natural gas at a secondary inlet (28). A computer responds to a signal (37) indicating current in the load of a fuel cell as well as a signal (43) indicating temperature of a steam reformer (10) to move a linear actuator (23) to control a needle (21) that adjusts the size of the steam orifice. Reformate is fed to a separator scrubber (48) which cools the reformate to its dew point indicated by a sensor (71). From that, a controller (25) generates the fuel/carbon ratio for display (84) and to bias a signal on a line (24) regulating the amount of steam passing through an ejector (13) to the inlet (11) of the reformer. Alternatively, the reformate may be cooled to its dew point by a controllable heat exchanger (58a) in response to pressure (94) and temperature (71) signals.

    摘要翻译： 蒸汽被提供到喷射器（13）的主入口（16），其也在次级入口（28）处接收天然气。 计算机响应指示燃料电池的负载中的电流的信号（37）以及指示蒸汽重整器（10）的温度以移动线性致动器（23）以控制针（21）的信号（43） 调整蒸汽孔的尺寸。 重整物进料到分离器洗涤器（48），其将重整产物冷却到由传感器（71）指示的露点。 由此，控制器（25）产生用于显示（84）的燃料/碳比，并且将通过喷射器（13）的蒸汽量的管线（24）上的信号偏置到入口（11） 改良者 或者，可以通过响应于压力（94）和温度（71）信号的可控热交换器（58a）将重整产物冷却至其露点。

    Fuel cell reformer
    18.
    发明申请
    Fuel cell reformer 失效
    燃料电池改造

    公开(公告)号：US20100043289A1

    公开(公告)日：2010-02-25

    申请号：US12229179

    申请日：2008-08-20

    申请人： Diane M. England ,  Sean M. Kelly

    发明人： Diane M. England ,  Sean M. Kelly

    IPC分类号： C10J1/20

    CPC分类号： B01J19/2485 ,  B01J8/067 ,  B01J2219/00117 ,  B01J2219/00157 ,  B01J2219/1947 ,  C01B3/384 ,  C01B3/386 ,  C01B2203/0261 ,  C01B2203/066 ,  C01B2203/0811 ,  C01B2203/1029 ,  C01B2203/1064 ,  C01B2203/1235

    摘要： An improved multiple-tube catalytic reformer comprising a tubular body containing a radiator core having a plurality of longitudinal cells for low-pressure flow-through of combustion gases, the core being formed preferably either by winding of corrugated metal or as an extruded metal monolith. A plurality of reformer tubes, preferably non-cylindrical, containing hydrocarbon catalyst are arrayed in longitudinal openings within the radiator core and preferably are brazed thereto to maximize heat transfer from the radiator core to the reformer tubes. During manufacture, the metal radiator core is economically bored by laser cutting to form the openings to admit the reformer tubes for brazing. Preferably, the reformer tubes are numbered, sized, shaped, and arrayed to minimize the longest conduction path in the radiator core to the center of any reformer tube.

    摘要翻译： 一种改进的多管催化重整器，其包括管状主体，其包含散热器芯体，该散热器芯体具有用于燃烧气体的低压流通的多个纵向电池，所述芯体优选地通过卷绕波纹状金属或作为挤压金属整料而形成。 多个重整管，优选非圆柱形的含烃催化剂排列在散热器芯内的纵向开口中，并且优选钎焊到其上以最大化从散热器芯到重整器管的热传递。 在制造过程中，金属散热器芯通过激光切割经济地钻孔以形成开口以允许用于钎焊的重整器管。 优选地，重整器管被编号，大小，成形和排列，以使散热器芯中最长的传导路径最小化到任何重整器管的中心。

    Hydrogenation Of Unsaturated Hydrocarbons For Syngas Production
    19.
    发明申请
    Hydrogenation Of Unsaturated Hydrocarbons For Syngas Production 有权
    用于合成气生产的不饱和烃的氢化

    公开(公告)号：US20090265988A1

    公开(公告)日：2009-10-29

    申请号：US12429224

    申请日：2009-04-24

    申请人： Bhadra S. Grover

    发明人： Bhadra S. Grover

    IPC分类号： C10J1/20

    CPC分类号： C01B3/384 ,  C01B3/48 ,  C01B2203/0283 ,  C01B2203/043 ,  C01B2203/0475 ,  C01B2203/065 ,  C01B2203/0811 ,  C01B2203/1241 ,  C01B2203/1258 ,  C01B2203/148 ,  Y10S48/10 ,  Y10S423/05 ,  Y10S423/06

    摘要： A method of hydrogenation of unsaturated hydrocarbons for syngas production is presented. A hydrogenation feed reactor stream is introduced into a hydrogenation reactor, thereby producing a reformer feed stream. The reformer feed stream is introduced into a reformer, thereby producing a crude syngas stream. The crude syngas stream is introduced into a water gas shift converter, thereby producing a hydrogen-rich stream. The hydrogen-rich stream is separated in a separation means, thereby producing a carbon dioxide-rich stream and a hydrogen product stream. At least a portion of the hydrogen product stream is combined with a refinery fuel gas stream, and a natural gas stream, to form the hydrogenation reactor feed stream.

    摘要翻译： 提出了合成气生产中不饱和烃氢化方法。 将氢化进料反应器流引入氢化反应器中，从而产生重整器进料流。 将重整器进料流引入重整器中，从而产生粗合成气流。 将粗合成气流引入水煤气变换器，从而产生富氢流。 富氢流在分离装置中分离，从而产生富二氧化碳流和氢产物流。 将氢产物流的至少一部分与炼油厂燃料气流和天然气流组合以形成氢化反应器进料流。

    Method and apparatus for producing methane from carbonaceous material
    20.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for producing methane from carbonaceous material 失效
    从含碳材料生产甲烷的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US07575613B2

    公开(公告)日：2009-08-18

    申请号：US11138638

    申请日：2005-05-26

    申请人： Raymond S. Hobbs

    发明人： Raymond S. Hobbs

    IPC分类号： C10J1/20 ,  C10B3/02 ,  F23C1/10

    CPC分类号： B01J19/2405 ,  B01J19/26 ,  B01J2219/00763 ,  C01B3/50 ,  C01B3/586 ,  C01B2203/0445 ,  C01B2203/047 ,  C01B2203/0475 ,  C01B2203/0485 ,  C10J3/487 ,  C10J3/506 ,  C10J2300/0903 ,  C10J2300/0906 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0966 ,  C10J2300/0969 ,  C10J2300/1662 ,  C10J2300/1807 ,  C10K1/004 ,  C10K1/005 ,  C10K1/024 ,  C10L3/08 ,  Y02P20/133

    摘要： A method for producing methane (69) from a carbonaceous (22) material includes conveying pulverized carbonaceous material (28) entrained in an inert carrier fluid, such as carbon dioxide (36), into a reactor (34). The reactor (34) includes a vortex region (72) for receiving hydrogen gas (38) and imparting a swirling motion to the hydrogen gas (38). The pulverized carbonaceous material (28) is exposed to the swirling stream of hydrogen gas (38) in a first reaction zone (114) within the reactor (34) to form an exit gas (40) that includes methane (69). Remaining unreacted carbonaceous material (28) is further exposed to the hydrogen gas (38) in a second, low velocity, reaction zone (120). The methane rich exit gas (40) is subsequently extracted from the reactor (34) for further processing.

    摘要翻译： 从碳质（22）材料生产甲烷（69）的方法包括将夹带在诸如二氧化碳（36）的惰性载体流体中的粉碎的碳质材料（28）输送到反应器（34）中。 反应器（34）包括用于接收氢气（38）并向氢气（38）施加漩涡运动的涡流区域（72）。 粉碎的碳质材料（28）在反应器（34）内的第一反应区（114）中暴露于氢气（38）的回旋流中以形成包括甲烷（69）的出口气体（40）。 剩余的未反应的碳质材料（28）在第二低速反应区（120）中进一步暴露于氢气（38）。 随后从反应器（34）中提取富含甲烷的出口气体（40）用于进一步处理。