摘要:
Acoustic energy is used to control motion in a fluid. According to one embodiment, the invention directs acoustic energy at selected naturally occurring nucleation features to control motion in the fluid. In another embodiment, the invention provides focussed or unfocussed acoustic energy to selectively placed nucleation features to control fluid motion. According to one embodiment, the invention includes an acoustic source, a controller for controlling operation of the acoustic source, and one or more nucleation features located proximate to or in the fluid to be controlled.
摘要:
Methods for controlling the in-feed and discharge rates of materials flowing into and out of a mixing process where one priority is to achieve a target mixture flow rate from the mixing process and another priority can be to achieve a target value for a mixture property. Actuators can be operated to control material in-feed rates, the mixture composition, and discharge rate, and can maintain a hold-up of the mixture in the mixing process. A total flow rate controller provides a control signal to a controller acting on the discharge rate and a controller acting on the in-feed rates. The mixture discharge flow rate can be automatically reduced from its desired target when the commanded rate of at least one of the materials exceeds its available supply rate as inferred from an inability to maintain the targeted value for the mixture property.
摘要:
The present invention provides systems, methods, and devices for using acoustic energy. In some embodiments, a fluid bath may be provided in the system where the fluid bath quality may be monitored using acoustic energy. An assessment of fluid bath quality can be determined through a comparison that is made of an initial power signal of the acoustic energy with a reflected power signal of the acoustic energy.
摘要:
Disclosed are methods and systems for forming multi-component refrigerant compositions comprising: (a) introducing a first refrigerant component into a vessel at a first flow rate; (b) introducing at least a second refrigerant component into said vessel at a second flow rate, which may be the same as or different than the first flow rate, during at least a portion of said first refrigerant introducing step; and (c) controlling at least one of said first and second flow rates to obtain the desired relative proportions of said first and second refrigerants in the refrigerant composition.
摘要:
A mixing apparatus that includes a drop on demand fluid dispenser for adding an additive fluid to a receiver liquid to produce a composite liquid that includes the receiver liquid and the additive fluid.
摘要:
In obtaining an accurate mixing ratio of a liquid mixture, an actual mixing ratio of at least two different liquids mixed together is obtained, wherein the two kinds of liquids have a predetermined mixing ratio and are mixed by setting switching valves for the liquids. A mixing ratio error is calculated as a difference between the actual mixing ratio and the predetermined mixing ratio, and is stored. A switching timing of the switch valves is corrected based on the stored mixing ratio error.
摘要:
A chemical concentration control device for a semiconductor processing apparatus being capable of keeping processing chemicals at constant concentrations, and of maintaining the liquid level required for processing is provided. A semiconductor processing apparatus includes a concentration measuring unit, a drift observation unit, a replenishment quantity calculating unit, a concentration estimating unit, a fixed-quantity replenishment processing unit, and a replenishment control unit for controlling replenishment of chemicals based on the replenishment quantities calculated by the fixed-quantity replenishment processing unit, so that the replenishment quantity calculating unit calculates the replenishment quantities of the respective chemicals with respect to the predetermined reference replenishment quantity based on data measured by the concentration measuring unit and the drift observation unit, and estimated concentration data supplied from the concentration estimating unit.
摘要:
Acoustic energy is used to control motion in a fluid. According to one embodiment, the invention directs acoustic energy at selected naturally occurring nucleation features to control motion in the fluid. In another embodiment, the invention provides focussed or unfocussed acoustic energy to selectively placed nucleation features to control fluid motion. According to one embodiment, the invention includes an acoustic source, a controller for controlling operation of the acoustic source, and one or more nucleation features located proximate to or in the fluid to be controlled.
摘要:
Additives are blended with a stream of liquid, for example of diesel fuel, by injecting at least two different additive compositions into the stream, and adjusting the rates of injection and the relative proportions of the injected additive compositions. This enables the consumption of additives to be minimized while enabling desired fuel characteristics to be maintained despite variations in the characteristics of the untreated liquid. The rates of injection may be adjusted by an automatic controller (32) in response to signals from sensors (28, 30) representing characteristics of the liquid before and after treatment.
摘要:
An ultrasonic system for homogenizing a sample includes an ultrasonic transducer and a control system. The transducer includes a horn or other probe that oscillates to produce cavitation in the sample and a converter that drives the horn through its oscillatory motion. The control system includes a closed-loop amplitude-control configuration and process. In particular, the control system includes a user interface, a controller, and a high-frequency driver, all connected together in a closed-loop configuration for enabling amplitude-control feedback. Control software includes programming for the closed-loop amplitude-control process including receiving a user-inputted desired amplitude of oscillatory horn motion, driving the transducer at a corresponding power level, determining the actual amplitude of oscillatory horn motion, and automatically adjusting the power level to the transducer to maintain the desired amplitude during operation of the ultrasonic system.