公开(公告)号：US08847834B2

公开(公告)日：2014-09-30

申请号：US13470472

申请日：2012-05-14

Applicant: Tajinder Manku

Inventor： Tajinder Manku

IPC: H01Q9/00

CPC classification number: G01S13/756 ,  G06K19/0723 ,  G06K19/0726 ,  G06K19/07786

Abstract: An antenna apparatus for backscattering an incoming radio frequency (RF) signal includes an antenna for backscattering the incoming RF signal in accordance with a reflection coefficient characteristic of the antenna. A variable impedance circuit includes an output electrically connected to the antenna. A band-pass delta sigma modulator is coupled to the variable impedance circuit and digitally controls the output of the variable impedance circuit, such that the reflection coefficient of the antenna is adjusted based on the digitally controlled output of the variable impedance circuit. In an RFID network, the apparatus and method reduces the effect of DC offset in the reader device and the effects of the reader device's phase noise, while allowing for complex modulations.

Abstract translation: 用于向后向散射输入射频（RF）信号的天线装置包括用于根据天线的反射系数特性来反向散射输入RF信号的天线。 可变阻抗电路包括电连接到天线的输出。 带通ΔΣ调制器耦合到可变阻抗电路，并且数字地控制可变阻抗电路的输出，使得基于可变阻抗电路的数字控制输出来调整天线的反射系数。 在RFID网络中，该装置和方法减少了读取器装置中DC偏移的影响以及读取器装置的相位噪声的影响，同时允许复杂的调制。

公开(公告)号：US20120120962A1

公开(公告)日：2012-05-17

申请号：US13004652

申请日：2011-01-11

Applicant: Lily Ll ,  Nicholas Armstrong ,  Robert Robinson ,  Jakub Schmidtke ,  Tajinder Manku ,  Paul Ward

Inventor： Lily Ll ,  Nicholas Armstrong ,  Robert Robinson ,  Jakub Schmidtke ,  Tajinder Manku ,  Paul Ward

IPC: H04L12/56

CPC classification number: H04W12/06 ,  H04L63/18

Abstract: A system is provided to facilitate communication with a client via both a first network and a second network. The system comprises a plurality of bandwidth aggregation servers, each bandwidth aggregation server configured to aggregate data packets received from the client via both the first and second networks for transmission to a destination server; and transmit data packets to the client via both the first and second networks in accordance with a scheduling algorithm, the data packets being received from a source server.

Abstract translation: 提供一种系统以便于经由第一网络和第二网络与客户端进行通信。 该系统包括多个带宽聚合服务器，每个带宽聚合服务器被配置为经由第一和第二网络聚合从客户端接收的数据分组，用于传输到目的地服务器; 并且根据调度算法，通过第一和第二网络将数据分组发送到客户端，数据分组从源服务器接收。

公开(公告)号：US07623000B2

公开(公告)日：2009-11-24

申请号：US11778849

申请日：2007-07-17

Applicant: Tajinder Manku ,  Abdellatif Bellaouar

Inventor： Tajinder Manku ,  Abdellatif Bellaouar

IPC: H04L27/20 ,  H04L27/36

CPC classification number: H03C5/00

Abstract: The invention is directed at a hybrid modulation apparatus which combines a polar modulation circuit and a linear modulation circuit. The hybrid apparatus allows a communications device to function as a polar or a linear modulation circuit with less components as the output of the linear modulation circuit is an input of the polar modulation circuit.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及组合极性调制电路和线性调制电路的混合调制装置。 混合设备允许通信设备用作具有较少组件的极性或线性调制电路，因为线性调制电路的输出是极坐标调制电路的输入。

公开(公告)号：US20080014894A1

公开(公告)日：2008-01-17

申请号：US11569031

申请日：2005-05-13

Applicant: Tajinder Manku ,  Masoud Kahrizi

Inventor： Tajinder Manku ,  Masoud Kahrizi

IPC: H04B1/26

CPC classification number: H04B1/30 ,  H03D7/00 ,  H04B15/06 ,  H04B2215/065

Abstract: A method and system for dynamically shifting spurious tones away from the desired frequency in a virtual local oscillator receiver, such that any undesired signal residing at such spurious tones are effectively delineated from the desired signal and removed from the RF input signal. The system detects the presence of potential undesired blocker signals in the RF input signal, and initiates an iterative power comparison and mixer signal adjustment loop. As the virtual local oscillator uses two mixer signals, the frequency of one of the mixer signals is adjusted during the loop until the power of the down-converted signal is minimized to a predetermined level. Minimized power in the down-converted signal is indicative of the absence of the blocker signal, since the presence of a relatively high power signal is indicative of a blocker signal overlapping with a desired signal.

Abstract translation: 一种用于在虚拟本地振荡器接收机中动态地将杂散音调从期望频率移位的方法和系统，使得驻留在这种寄生音调处的任何不需要的信号被有效地从期望的信号中描绘出并从RF输入信号中去除。 该系统检测RF输入信号中存在潜在的不希望的阻塞信号，并启动迭代功率比较和混频信号调节环路。 由于虚拟本地振荡器使用两个混频器信号，所以在环路中调整混频信号之一的频率，直到下变频信号的功率被最小化到预定电平。 下变频信号中的最小化功率表示不存在阻塞信号，因为相对高功率信号的存在表示阻塞信号与期望信号重叠。

公开(公告)号：US07277683B2

公开(公告)日：2007-10-02

申请号：US10541120

申请日：2004-01-08

Applicant: Sathwant Dosanjh ,  William Kung ,  Tajinder Manku

Inventor： Sathwant Dosanjh ,  William Kung ,  Tajinder Manku

IPC: H04B1/16

CPC classification number: H03B21/00 ,  H03B21/01 ,  H03B27/00 ,  H03D3/007 ,  H03H7/21 ,  H03H2007/0192 ,  H03J2200/17 ,  H03J2200/40 ,  H04B1/30

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to communications, and more specifically to a method and apparatus for generating local oscillator signals used for up- and down-conversion of RF (radio frequency) signals. A major problem in the design of modulators and demodulators, if the leakage of local oscillator (LO) signals into the received signal path. The invention presents a number of highly integratable circuits which resolve the LO leakage problem, using regenerative divider circuits acting on oscillator signals which are running at a multiple or fraction of the frequency of the desired LO signal, to generate in-phase (I) and quadrature (Q) mixing signals. Embodiments of these circuits also use harmonic subtraction and polyphase mixers, as well as virtual local oscillator TM (VLO) mixing signals. VLO mixing signals are signal pairs which emulate local oscillator signals by means of complementary mono-tonal and multi-tonal mixing signals.

Abstract translation: 本发明一般涉及通信，更具体地涉及用于产生用于RF（射频）信号的上变频和下变频的本地振荡器信号的方法和装置。 如果本地振荡器（LO）信号泄漏到接收信号路径中，调制器和解调器的设计中的主要问题。 本发明提出了许多高度可积分的电路，其解决了LO泄漏问题，使用作用于振荡器信号的再生分压器电路，该振荡器信号以期望LO信号的频率的多个或几分之一运行，以产生同相（I）和 正交（Q）混频信号。 这些电路的实施例也使用谐波减法和多相混频器，以及虚拟本地振荡器TM（VLO）混频信号。 VLO混合信号是通过互补单声道和多音调混合信号模拟本地振荡器信号的信号对。

公开(公告)号：US20060220742A1

公开(公告)日：2006-10-05

申请号：US11092566

申请日：2005-03-29

Applicant: Tajinder Manku

Inventor： Tajinder Manku

IPC: H03G3/10

CPC classification number: H04W52/52 ,  H03G3/3042 ,  H04B2001/0416

Abstract: A system for generating a supply voltage, temperature and process compensated gain control voltage from a digital data word. In particular, the compensated gain voltage control voltage maintains a linear relationship between a change in gain in response to an input gain control voltage for a gain circuit of a transmitter circuit. A monitor circuit senses at least one of the supply voltage, temperature and process parameters, and generates a first set of digital signals corresponding to the sensed parameter. A digital compensator circuit converts the input gain control voltage into a second set of digital signals, and decodes the combined first and second set of digital signals to provide a data word. The data word is converted into an analog voltage representing the compensated gain voltage control voltage. The digital compensator circuit includes a table of compensation values, each accessible by a distinct combination of the first and second set of digital signals.

Abstract translation: 一种用于从数字数据字产生电源电压，温度和工艺补偿的增益控制电压的系统。 特别地，补偿增益电压控制电压响应于发射机电路的增益电路的输入增益控制电压而保持增益变化之间的线性关系。 监视器电路感测电源电压，温度和工艺参数中的至少一个，并产生对应于感测参数的第一组数字信号。 数字补偿器电路将输入增益控制电压转换为第二组数字信号，并对组合的第一和第二组数字信号进行解码以提供数据字。 数据字被转换为表示补偿的增益电压控制电压的模拟电压。 数字补偿器电路包括补偿值表，每一个表可以通过第一组和第二组数字信号的不同组合来访问。

公开(公告)号：US07016662B1

公开(公告)日：2006-03-21

申请号：US10070013

申请日：2000-09-01

Applicant: Tajinder Manku ,  Chris Snyder ,  Gareth Weale

Inventor： Tajinder Manku ,  Chris Snyder ,  Gareth Weale

IPC: H04B1/26

CPC classification number: H04B1/30 ,  H03D3/008 ,  H03D7/163 ,  H03D7/166 ,  H04B1/00 ,  H04B1/0475 ,  H04B2001/0491

Abstract: This patent describes a method and system which overcomes the LO-leakage problem of direct conversion and similar RF transmitters. To solve this problem a virtual LO™ signal is generated within the baseband which is tuned to the incoming RF signal. The virtual local oscillator (VLO) signal is constructed using signals that do not contain a significant amount of power (or no power at all) at the wanted output RF frequency. Any errors is generating the virtual LO signal are minimized using a closed loop correction scheme.

Abstract translation: 该专利描述了克服直接转换和类似RF发射机的LO泄漏问题的方法和系统。 为了解决这个问题，在基带内生成虚拟LO（TM）信号，该信号被调谐到输入的RF信号。 虚拟本地振荡器（VLO）信号使用在所需输出RF频率下不包含大量功率（或无功率）的信号构成。 使用闭环校正方案，产生虚拟LO信号的任何错误被最小化。

公开(公告)号：US06232848B1

公开(公告)日：2001-05-15

申请号：US09213361

申请日：1998-12-17

Applicant: Tajinder Manku

Inventor： Tajinder Manku

IPC: H03H500

CPC classification number: H03F3/45085 ,  H03D7/1433 ,  H03D7/1441 ,  H03D7/1458 ,  H03D7/1491 ,  H03D2200/0043 ,  H03D2200/0084 ,  H03D2200/0088 ,  H03F1/22 ,  H03F3/191 ,  H03F2200/294 ,  H03F2200/372 ,  H03F2203/45704 ,  H03H7/1775

Abstract: An integrated radio frequency (RF) coupling scheme is provided for realizing low voltage RF integrated circuits. According to the invention, on-chip capacitively coupled resonant elements are used to DC isolate circuit block elements which are required to be connected in series and share a common DC current. The coupling scheme according to the present invention may be applied to several commonly used RF integrated circuit topologies such as low noise amplifiers and mixers.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种用于实现低压RF集成电路的集成射频（RF）耦合方案。 根据本发明，使用片上电容耦合谐振元件将要求串联连接并共享公共DC电流的电路块元件直流隔离。 根据本发明的耦合方案可以应用于几种常用的RF集成电路拓扑，例如低噪声放大器和混频器。

公开(公告)号：US08581760B2

公开(公告)日：2013-11-12

申请号：US13251935

申请日：2011-10-03

Applicant: Khurram Muhammad ,  Tajinder Manku ,  Semyon Lebedev

Inventor： Khurram Muhammad ,  Tajinder Manku ,  Semyon Lebedev

IPC: H03M1/12

CPC classification number: H03M1/201 ,  H03M1/685 ,  H03M1/687 ,  H03M3/30

Abstract: A digital-to-analog converter is disclosed. The converter includes a gradient correction module that generates a correction term based on a model of gradient error. The correction term is then applied to the signal path in the digital domain or applied to the output of the digital-to-analog converter in the analog domain. The model used to generate the correction term is based on a vertical gradient error in the array of current source elements, which may be modelled and calibrated using a second-order polynomial. Further, a digital-to-analog converter having a Nyquist DAC and an oversampled DAC is disclosed. When the oversampled DAC is enabled, the resolution of the Nyquist DAC may be increased while slowing the conversion rate.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种数模转换器。 该转换器包括梯度校正模块，该梯度校正模块基于梯度误差的模型产生校正项。 然后将校正项应用于数字域中的信号路径或应用于模拟域中的数模转换器的输出。 用于产生校正项的模型基于当前源元素阵列中的垂直梯度误差，其可以使用二阶多项式来建模和校准。 此外，公开了具有奈奎斯特DAC和过采样DAC的数模转换器。 当使能过采样DAC时，可能会增加奈奎斯特DAC的分辨率，同时降低转换速率。

公开(公告)号：US20120116886A1

公开(公告)日：2012-05-10

申请号：US13104279

申请日：2011-05-10

Applicant: Tajinder Manku

Inventor： Tajinder Manku

IPC: G06Q30/02

CPC classification number: H04W12/06 ,  G06Q30/0267 ,  H04L63/062 ,  H04L63/18 ,  H04W8/26 ,  H04W12/04 ,  H04W48/20

Abstract: A wireless communication device is configured to be able to communicate via both a first access point and a second access point for using the first access point to obtain validation credentials in order to permit use of the second access point to access a network. The wireless communication device comprises a processor; and a non-transitory computer readable medium having stored thereon computer executable instructions. The instructions are operable to: initiate communication with the second access point in order to access a network; obtain an access point identifier from the second access point, the access point identifier for identifying the second access point; transmit the access point identifier to a validation server via the first access point; receive validation credentials from the validation server via the first access point; the validation credentials including at identifier of a third party, the third party sponsoring access to the second access point; use the validation credentials to validate the wireless communication device with the second access point to obtain access to the network; and present advertising information on the wireless communication device, the advertising information pertaining to the third party.

Abstract translation: 无线通信设备被配置为能够经由第一接入点和第二接入点经由第二接入点进行通信，以便使用第一接入点来获得有效凭证，以允许使用第二接入点来接入网络。 无线通信设备包括处理器; 以及其上存储有计算机可执行指令的非暂时性计算机可读介质。 所述指令可操作以：发起与所述第二接入点的通信以便接入网络; 从第二接入点获取接入点标识符，用于识别第二接入点的接入点标识符; 经由第一接入点将接入点标识符发送到验证服务器; 通过第一接入点从验证服务器接收验证凭证; 所述验证凭证包括第三方的标识符，所述第三方支持对所述第二接入点的访问; 使用验证凭证来验证具有第二接入点的无线通信设备以获得对网络的访问; 并且在无线通信设备上呈现关于第三方的广告信息的广告信息。