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公开(公告)号：US4816956A
公开(公告)日：1989-03-28
申请号：US161259
申请日：1988-02-23
申请人： Claude M. Hertz , Leroy B. Ronk
发明人： Claude M. Hertz , Leroy B. Ronk
CPC分类号： H02H3/14
摘要： Stray voltage reduction apparatus for installation in an electrical power system to complete a path of electrical continuity between a primary neutral of a power distribution transformer and a grounding conductor at a service entrance, the primary neutral being also attached to a ground connection but nevertheless having a stray voltage relative to true earth which would appear on the grounding conductor at the service entrance if the primary neutral were directly connected to the grounding conductor at the service entrance. The stray voltage reduction apparatus includes a coil having turns wound around a core establishing a magnetic circuit for the coil. The core is made of a material having an initial permeability in excess of about 50,000 and being substantially saturated when the flux density is no more than about 10,000 gauss. The coil is wound around the core to have an impedance at 60 Hz. of at least approximately 750 ohms which falls in value when the volts-per-turn of the coil is not substantially less than an amount which substantially saturates the core, and reaches a value of less than an ohm when the volts-per-turn of the coil is greater than the amount which substantially saturates the core, the impedance substantially reducing the stray voltage at the grounding conductor at the service entrance. The stray voltage reduction apparatus can be combined with a power distribution transformer within or attached to the transformer tank.
摘要翻译： 用于安装在电力系统中以完成配电变压器的初级中性线与服务入口处的接地导体之间的电连续路径的杂散电压降低装置，所述主要中性线也附接到接地连接，但是具有 如果主要中性线直接连接到服务入口处的接地导体，则相对于真地的杂散电压将出现在服务入口的接地导体上。 杂散电压降低装置包括具有围绕芯线缠绕的线圈的线圈，其建立用于线圈的磁路。 该芯由具有超过约50,000的初始磁导率的材料制成，并且当磁通密度不超过约10,000高斯时，其基本饱和。 线圈缠绕在芯上以具有60Hz的阻抗。 至少约750欧姆，当线圈的每伏特伏特数基本上不小于基本上饱和磁芯的量时，该值落在数值上，并且当电压每转为零时，达到小于欧姆的值 线圈大于使芯体基本饱和的量，阻抗大大降低了服务入口处接地导体处的杂散电压。 杂散电压降低装置可以与变压器箱内或附着于变压器箱内的配电变压器组合。
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公开(公告)号：US4791517A
公开(公告)日：1988-12-13
申请号：US103107
申请日：1987-09-30
申请人： Jeffrey Park
发明人： Jeffrey Park
CPC分类号： G01R29/12 , H02H3/14 , Y10T307/766
摘要： Protective equipment detects the existence of an unsafe potential (V.sub.2) between earth and mobile equipment such as a mobile cabin. A metal plate (14) is mounted below the chassis (10) of the cabin, and the voltage (V.sub.3) between the metal plate (14) and the chassis (10) is detected by an amplifier (16). The amplifier output feeds a threshold detector (18) which senses when the voltage (V.sub.3) reaches a level corresponding to a predetermined dangerous potential (V.sub.2) of the chassis (10) with respect to ground (12).
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公开(公告)号：US4722021A
公开(公告)日：1988-01-26
申请号：US915919
申请日：1986-10-03
CPC分类号： B28D1/14 , B23B45/00 , F16P7/00 , H02H3/14 , Y10S388/903 , Y10S388/909 , Y10S388/919 , Y10S388/937
摘要： To detect if a tool bit, such as a drill, a saw blade, or the like, upon being worked into a wall, meets a metallic obstruction, such as a conduit, reinforcement rod, hydraulic pipe or the like, an alternating voltage, preferably between 2 and 20 kHz, is coupled through a coupling capacitor (9) to the tool bit, and current flow to the tool bit is detected by a current measurement stage (10; 31, 32) to disconnect energy to the drive motor (5), for example by disabling firing of a thyristor (15), or closing a valve of a compressed-air tool. The coupling capacitor should have a capacity small enough to provide high impedance to network power frequency, and to insure a substantial change in current being supplied to the tool bit holder, typically a chuck, if the tool bit meets a metallic object in the wall. The a-c supply circuit can be formed as part of a trigger circuit for the thyristor, by pulse-energizing a trigger diode (28) upon repetitive charge of a capacitor (26) through a charging network (22, 23, 24, 25).
摘要翻译： 为了检测工具钻头（例如钻头，锯片等）在被加工成墙壁时是否遇到金属阻塞物，例如导管，加强杆，液压管等，交流电压， 优选地在2和20kHz之间，通过耦合电容器（9）耦合到工具头，并且通过电流测量级（10; 31,32）检测到工具位的电流流动以将能量断开到驱动电动机 5），例如通过禁止烧制可控硅（15）或关闭压缩空气工具的阀。 耦合电容应具有足够小的能力，以提供对网络功率频率的高阻抗，并且如果工具头与壁中的金属物体相遇，则确保将电流提供给工具头座（通常为卡盘）的实质变化。 a-c电源电路可以形成为用于晶闸管的触发电路的一部分，通过在电容器（26）经过充电网络（22,23,24,25）重复充电时，通过脉冲激励触发二极管（28）。
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公开(公告)号：US4077056A
公开(公告)日：1978-02-28
申请号：US669987
申请日：1976-03-24
申请人： Antonio Bou Galiana
发明人： Antonio Bou Galiana
CPC分类号： H02H3/162
摘要： A ground-fault circuit interrupter has normally open relay contacts connected in series between an incoming hot line and an outgoing hot line. A coil of a detector relay is connected between the outgoing ground line and the outgoing cold line and closes when even a slight voltage differential appears between the outgoing ground line and outgoing cold line. Closing of the detector relay illuminates a short-indicating lamp and causes a further relay to latch on and disconnect the relay whose contacts are connected between the incoming hot line and outgoing hot line so that the device connected to the outgoing hot line is open-circuited. A reset button is provided for placing the circuit back in operative condition with a green OK lamp lighted.
摘要翻译： 接地故障电路断路器具有在进入的热线和输出热线之间串联连接的常开继电器触点。 检测器继电器的线圈连接在输出地线和出线冷线之间，即使在输出地线和出线冷线之间出现轻微的电压差，也会闭合。 检测器继电器闭合点亮指示灯，并进一步继电器锁定并断开触点连接在输入热线和出线热线之间的继电器，使连接到输出热线的设备开路 。 提供复位按钮，用于将电路放回操作状态，绿色OK灯亮起。
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公开(公告)号：US4068276A
公开(公告)日：1978-01-10
申请号：US705107
申请日：1976-07-14
申请人： Robert H. Pintell
发明人： Robert H. Pintell
摘要： An a-c power supply for a load such as a household appliance, including a line wire, a neutral wire and a ground wire, has a safety switch and an overload-sensing resistor inserted in its line wire and also comprises a ground-fault detector in the form of a differential transformer with a toroidal core traversed by the line and neutral wires. The safety switch, which may be a manually resettable circuit breaker or an armature of a self-locking relay, has an operating winding in series with an SCR connected between a positive and a negative terminal, one terminal being connected via respective diodes to the line and neutral wires, the other terminal being connected via respective diodes to the neutral and ground wires. The gate circuit of the SCR includes the secondary of the differential transformer, the secondary of another transformer connected across the overload-sensing resistor, a pair of voltage dividers -- one inserted between the positive terminal and the neutral wire, the other inserted between the same terminal and the ground wire -- for detecting ground loss, neutral loss, line/neutral reversals and excessive neutral-to-ground voltages, and Zener diodes for detecting overvoltages and undervoltages. In a three-phase system, the two terminals are both connected via respective diodes to all three phase wires in parallel. With the use of a pair of triggerable semiconductors (SCRs or triacs) in lieu of a single SCR, the operating winding can be tied directly to the line wire while being connected to the other two wires through the two semiconductors, respectively.
摘要翻译： 用于诸如家用电器的负载（包括线路线，中性线和接地线）的交流电源具有插入其线路中的安全开关和过载感测电阻器，并且还包括接地故障检测器 差动变压器的形式是通过线路和中性线穿过的环形铁芯。 可以是可手动复位的断路器或自锁继电器的电枢的安全开关具有与连接在正端子和负端子之间的SCR串联的工作绕组，一个端子经由相应的二极管连接到线路 和中性线，另一个端子通过相应的二极管连接到中性线和接地线。 SCR的门电路包括差分变压器的次级，另一个变压器的二次管连接在过载检测电阻上，一对分压器 - 一个插在正极和中性线之间，另一个插入相同的 端子和地线 - 用于检测接地损耗，中性线损耗，线路/中性反向和过零的中性线对地电压，以及用于检测过电压和欠电压的齐纳二极管。 在三相系统中，两个端子都通过相应的二极管并联连接到所有三相电线。 通过使用一对可触发半导体（SCR或三端双向可控硅）代替单个SCR，工作绕组可以分别通过两个半导体连接到另外两条导线上直接连接到线路线。
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公开(公告)号：US4028594A
公开(公告)日：1977-06-07
申请号：US629793
申请日：1975-11-07
申请人： George W. Schossow
发明人： George W. Schossow
CPC分类号： H02H11/001
摘要： An electrical control positioned between the power cord and the electrically energized appliance to require a proper ground for the electrical appliance before said apliance can be energized by the actuating switch. A test circuit actuated by the presence of current between the B+ line and ground line prior to actuation of the circuit from the B+ line to the load and to the neutral line requires that the ground line be properly installed before the circuit is closed to the load of the electrical appliance to energize the same and maintain it energized.
摘要翻译： 定位在电源线和电能设备之间的电气控制器，在所述同步之前可以通过致动开关来激励电气设备的正确接地。 在将电路从B +线驱动到负载和中性线之前，由B +线和地线之间的电流的存在而启动的测试电路要求在电路闭合到负载之前正确地安装接地线 的电器对其通电并保持其通电。
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公开(公告)号：US3946282A
公开(公告)日：1976-03-23
申请号：US470181
申请日：1974-05-15
CPC分类号： H02H11/004 , H02H11/001 , H02H11/006 , Y10T307/839
摘要： A temporary or portable electrical distribution system includes a distribution box supplied with power by a flexible cable. Field repairs carelessly made or other causes may result in wires being transposed or open. To eliminate hazards and to ensure proper operation of equipment, sensing means including simple circuitry in the distribution box prevents operation of a master box switch except upon the verification of proper wiring.
摘要翻译： 临时或便携式配电系统包括通过柔性电缆供电的配电箱。 不小心造成现场维修或其他原因可能导致电线被转置或打开。 为了消除危害并确保设备的正常运行，包括配电箱内简单电路的检测装置可防止主箱开关的操作，除非正确接线正确。
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公开(公告)号：US3714517A
公开(公告)日：1973-01-30
申请号：US3714517D
申请日：1971-02-10
申请人： CHEMETRON CORP
发明人： STRACEK R
CPC分类号： H02H11/001
摘要： An improved ground protecting circuit designed to require grounding of the chassis of electrical apparatus for continued operation of the apparatus after a switch, which has been closed to initiate the operation of the apparatus through the ground protecting circuit, is opened.
摘要翻译： 一种改进的接地保护电路被设计成要求电气设备的底盘接地，以便在通过接地保护电路闭合以启动设备的操作的开关之后继续操作设备。
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