公开(公告)号：US4755021A

公开(公告)日：1988-07-05

申请号：US778407

申请日：1985-09-20

申请人： Richard B. Dyott

发明人： Richard B. Dyott

IPC分类号： G02B6/024 ,  C03B37/012 ,  C03B37/027 ,  C03B37/028 ,  C03B37/029 ,  C03B37/14 ,  G01C19/64 ,  G01C19/72 ,  G02B6/02 ,  G02B6/10 ,  G02B6/28 ,  G02B6/38 ,  G02B6/42 ,  G01B9/02 ,  H01J5/16

CPC分类号： C03B37/02709 ,  C03B37/01205 ,  C03B37/029 ,  C03B37/14 ,  G02B6/105 ,  G02B6/2835 ,  G02B6/2843 ,  G02B6/3803 ,  G02B6/4216 ,  C03B2203/02 ,  C03B2203/04 ,  C03B2203/10 ,  C03B2203/30 ,  C03B2203/32 ,  C03B2203/34 ,  C03B2205/64

摘要： A continuously drawn optical fiber comprising a core and cladding having different refractive indices and forming a single-mode guiding region, and the outer surface of the fiber having a cross-section forming a pair of orthogonal exterior flat surfaces so that the location of the guiding region can be ascertained from the exterior geometry of the fiber, the guiding region being offset from the center of gravity of the transverse cross-section of the fiber and located sufficiently close to at least one of the flat surfaces to allow coupling to a guided wave through that surface by exposure or expansion of the field of the guiding region.

摘要翻译： 一种连续拉伸的光纤，包括具有不同折射率的芯和包层并形成单模导向区域，并且所述纤维的外表面具有形成一对正交的外部平坦表面的横截面，使得所述引导 区域可以从纤维的外部几何形状确定，引导区域偏离纤维的横截面的重心，并且足够靠近至少一个平坦表面，以允许耦合到导波 通过引导区域的场的曝光或扩展而通过该表面。

公开(公告)号：US4586784A

公开(公告)日：1986-05-06

申请号：US774851

申请日：1985-09-09

申请人： Yves Tremblay ,  Brian S. Kawasaki ,  Francois Bilodeau

发明人： Yves Tremblay ,  Brian S. Kawasaki ,  Francois Bilodeau

IPC分类号： G02B6/28

CPC分类号： G02B6/2835 ,  G02B6/2856

摘要： The modal-insensitive coupler consists of a number N of optical multimode fiber lengths, each fiber length having a core of initial predetermined cross-sectional area. The fiber lengths are fused together in a coupling section such that the cores of the fiber lengths have a reduced cross-sectional area in the coupling section which supports a minimum number of modes of optical energy at a predetermined wavelength, and such that the fiber lengths have different core cross-sectional areas to produce preselected coupling ratios.

摘要翻译： 模式不敏感耦合器由多个N个光纤多模光纤长度组成，每个光纤长度具有初始预定横截面积的核心。 纤维长度在耦合部分中熔合在一起，使得纤维长度的芯在耦合部分中具有减小的横截面面积，其支持在预定波长处的最小数量的光能量，并且使得光纤长度 具有不同的芯横截面积以产生预选的耦合比。

公开(公告)号：US4457581A

公开(公告)日：1984-07-03

申请号：US315369

申请日：1981-10-27

申请人： Derwyn C. Johnson ,  Brian S. Kawasaki ,  Kenneth O. Hill

发明人： Derwyn C. Johnson ,  Brian S. Kawasaki ,  Kenneth O. Hill

IPC分类号： H04B10/27 ,  G02B6/28 ,  G02B5/14

CPC分类号： H04B10/278 ,  G02B6/2835 ,  G02B6/2856

摘要： Disclosed are optical data bus configurations for interconnecting terminals so that any terminal can communicate with any other terminal. It is known to do this by connecting terminals serially using two trunk optical fibers and to connect terminals together in a star configuration using a single transmission star or reflection star. The serial network is limited by optical loss while the star network requires more optical fiber and is more costly. Disclosed is a serial bus which uses six fibers arranged in two groups of 3 each, the groups conducting light in mutually opposite directions. A transmitting means in each terminal is coupled to two of the fibers in each group and terminals adjacent any one terminal are connected to a different two fibers than the one terminal. Another arrangement disclosed uses hybrid reflection-transmission star couplers. Terminals can be connected to reflection ports of the hybrid couplers, while the couplers can be interconnected by the transmission ports thereof. A relatively small number of fibers are required to interconnect a large number of terminals.

摘要翻译： 公开了用于互连终端的光数据总线配置，使得任何终端可以与任何其他终端通信。 已知通过使用两个干线光纤串联连接端子并使用单个传输星或反射星将星形连接在一起的端子来实现。 串行网络受到光损耗的限制，而星形网络需要更多的光纤并且成本更高。 公开了一种串行总线，其使用六个光纤，每个光纤分成两组，每组3个，这些组在相互相反的方向上传导光。 每个端子中的发送装置耦合到每个组中的两个光纤，并且与任一个终端相邻的终端连接到与该一个终端不同的两个光纤。 所公开的另一种装置使用混合反射 - 传输星形耦合器。 端子可以连接到混合耦合器的反射端口，而耦合器可以通过其传输端口互连。 需要相对较少数量的纤维来连接大量端子。

公开(公告)号：US4444463A

公开(公告)日：1984-04-24

申请号：US252082

申请日：1981-04-08

申请人： Hartmut Schneider ,  Friedrich Weidinger

发明人： Hartmut Schneider ,  Friedrich Weidinger

IPC分类号： C03B37/012 ,  C03B37/027 ,  C03B37/028 ,  G02B6/28 ,  G02B6/44 ,  G02B5/14 ,  C03B37/075

CPC分类号： G02B6/02042 ,  C03B37/01205 ,  C03B37/027 ,  G02B6/2821 ,  G02B6/2826 ,  G02B6/2835 ,  G02B6/441 ,  G02B6/4479 ,  C03B2203/06 ,  C03B2203/10 ,  C03B2203/32 ,  C03B2203/34 ,  Y10T428/2976

摘要： A glass fiber for use as a light waveguide characterized by a one piece member having at least one transverse opening extending through the fiber to subdivide a section of the fiber into two portions connected at each end by the zones of the fiber free of the opening. By cutting in the area of the opening, a branch fiber can be produced. Preferably, the fiber includes a pair of cores which are separated by the openings. The method includes drawing the fiber from a mass of softened glass and while in the softened state, forming the openings therein or by drawing the fiber from a preform having at least one transverse extending opening. Preferably the preform is formed by joining two members having flat surfaces together and the openings in the preform are formed by forming transverse grooves in one of the flat surfaces.

摘要翻译： 一种用作光波导的玻璃纤维，其特征在于具有至少一个横向开口延伸穿过纤维的单件构件，以将纤维的一部分细分成两端，其中纤维的两端部分分开不含开口的纤维区域。 通过在开口的区域切割，可以生产分支纤维。 优选地，纤维包括由开口分开的一对芯。 该方法包括从大量软化玻璃拉制纤维，并且在软化状态下，在其中形成开口，或者通过从具有至少一个横向延伸开口的预制件拉伸纤维。 优选地，预成型件通过将具有平坦表面的两个构件接合在一起而形成，并且预成型件中的开口通过在平坦表面中的一个中形成横向凹槽而形成。

公开(公告)号：US4439221A

公开(公告)日：1984-03-27

申请号：US458021

申请日：1983-01-14

申请人： Lawrence C. Smyth ,  Alexander W. Lightstone

发明人： Lawrence C. Smyth ,  Alexander W. Lightstone

IPC分类号： G02B6/28 ,  C03B37/14 ,  C03C25/06

CPC分类号： G02B6/2835 ,  G02B6/2856

摘要： An apparatus and method are described for making an optical fiber coupler. A pair of optical fibers are supported in predetermined orientation by positioning means. The latter are spaced apart along a common axis. The optical fibers are positioned within tube means of a selected size intermediate the positioning means. In use, the tube means functions as a furnace to distribute heat uniformly to at least a portion of the fibers to fuse the same together. One of the positioning means preferable is rotatable, to enable twisting of the fibers. It is also preferable that at least one fiber has a tensile force applied to it. More preferably, the tensile force is sufficient to cause necking of the heated fiber, thereby forming a biconical section therein. Rotation of one positioning means through about one half revolution normally causes twisting of the biconical section and fusion thereof to the other fiber. Typically, both fibers are subject to a pulling force to create biconical sections. In an automated system the fibers are of indeterminate length, fed through a furnace and simultaneously given a twist to couple and fuse sections of fiber together. The fibers may already have biconical sections therein; or such sections can be formed by applying a sufficient tensile pull to each heated fiber to cause necking of the same. The couplers may be made from two or more optical fibers. Each fiber may be of the same, or different, diameters.

摘要翻译： 描述了一种用于制造光纤耦合器的装置和方法。 一对光纤通过定位装置以预定方向支撑。 后者沿公共轴线间隔开。 光纤定位在定位装置中间的选定尺寸的管装置内。 在使用中，管装置用作炉子，以将热量均匀地分配到至少一部分纤维以将其熔合在一起。 优选的定位装置中的一个是可旋转的，以使得能够扭转纤维。 还优选的是，至少一种纤维具有施加到其上的张力。 更优选地，拉伸力足以引起加热的纤维的颈缩，从而在其中形成双锥形部分。 一个定位装置旋转约一个半转通常会导致双锥形部分的扭转和其它纤维的熔合。 通常，两根纤维经受拉力以产生双锥形切片。 在自动化系统中，纤维具有不确定的长度，通过炉送入并同时给予扭转以将纤维部分连接并融合在一起。 纤维可能已经具有双锥形部分; 或者可以通过对每个加热的纤维施加足够的拉伸拉力来使其形成颈缩。 耦合器可以由两根或更多根光纤制成。 每个纤维可以具有相同或不同的直径。

公开(公告)号：US4377403A

公开(公告)日：1983-03-22

申请号：US191563

申请日：1980-09-29

申请人： Matthew N. McLandrich

发明人： Matthew N. McLandrich

IPC分类号： G02B6/245 ,  G02B6/28 ,  C03B37/14 ,  C03C25/06

CPC分类号： G02B6/245 ,  G02B6/2835

摘要： An improvement for the coupling of optical energy in a single-mode fiber ures a stable bidirectional coupling. A method of fabricating a single-mode evanescent field coupler for optical data between two single-mode fibers calls for there first being an etching away of a substantial portion of the claddings about the cores of both single-mode fibers. This etching calls for the immersion of sections of the fibers in an etching solution for a predetermined time with the ends of the exposed sections being carefully masked to create smooth, unscored, tapered transitions. The etched sections of the single-mode fibers are placed in a side-by-side relationship, are longitudinally twisted about each other to assume a closely abutting helical disposition and are secured in place at their ends. A pair of tungsten electrodes are brought into the close proximity of the twisted etched fibers and an arc is initiated. Moving the electrodes along the length of the twisted etched fibers causes the arc to fuse them together to assure a stable configuration and, hence, stable evanescent field coupling. Once the fibers have been fused, a protective envelope encases the fused twisted fibers and it is filled with a liquid having the same index of refraction as the fibers' claddings. Thus, a stable coupler is created that is isolated from outside thermal and mechanical influences.

摘要翻译： 单模光纤中光能耦合的改进确保了稳定的双向耦合。 制造用于两个单模光纤之间的光学数据的单模消逝场耦合器的方法要求首先是围绕两个单模光纤的芯的绝大部分蚀刻。 该蚀刻需要在蚀刻溶液中将纤维的部分浸入预定时间，同时将暴露部分的端部仔细地遮蔽以产生平滑的，未分级的锥形过渡。 单模光纤的蚀刻部分以并排关系放置，相互纵向扭曲成呈紧密的螺旋状配置，并在其端部固定就位。 一对钨电极被引入到被扭转的蚀刻光纤的紧密附近，并且开始电弧。 沿着扭曲的蚀刻纤维的长度移动电极导致电弧将它们融合在一起，以确保稳定的配置，从而确保稳定的消逝场耦合。 一旦纤维被熔化，保护性的信封包裹熔融的扭曲纤维，并且填充有与纤维包层相同折射率的液体。 因此，产生了与外部热和机械影响隔离的稳定的耦合器。

公开(公告)号：US4360248A

公开(公告)日：1982-11-23

申请号：US233754

申请日：1981-02-12

申请人： Gary W. Bickel ,  David L. Baldwin

发明人： Gary W. Bickel ,  David L. Baldwin

IPC分类号： G02B6/28 ,  G02B5/172

CPC分类号： G02B6/2808 ,  G02B6/2835 ,  G02B6/2856 ,  Y10S359/90

摘要： A multiport optical cable or bus, composed of bundles of parallel fibers interconnected by an optical star structure, has a higher packing fraction and greater efficiency in the mixing and redistribution functions because the star's radiating arms have their individual cladding layers omitted or removed and because they are fused together to form the mixer section or a part of it. Where the numbers of input and output ports and arms are unequal, the unclad arms have their fused portions optically spliced or connected to form a composite mixer section. Several sections may be cascaded, using the same structural principles, to provide additional lower-level optical outputs for control or other purposes. The cladding function for the star structure is provided by separately encasing the radiating arms and mixer section or sections in a light-reflecting material. Preferably, this is a plastic potting compound having an optical index of refraction lower than those of the star arms or mixer portions. Alternatively, a metallic reflective coating may be applied. The invention has particular utility as applied to optical buses comprised of fibers of the plastic clad silica type.

摘要翻译： 由光束星形结构互连的平行纤维束组成的多端口光缆或总线具有更高的封装分数和更高的混合和再分配功能的效率，因为星形辐射臂的单独覆盖层被省略或移除，因为它们 融合在一起形成混合器部分或其一部分。 在输入和输出端口和臂的数量不相等的情况下，未包围臂的熔合部分被光学地接合或连接以形成复合混合器部分。 可以使用相同的结构原理级联几个部分，以提供用于控制或其他目的的额外的较低级光输出。 星形结构的包层功能是通过将辐射臂和混合器部分分开包装在光反射材料中来提供的。 优选地，这是具有比星形臂或混合器部分的折射率低的光学折射率的塑料灌封化合物。 或者，可以施加金属反射涂层。 本发明特别适用于由塑料包覆二氧化硅类型的纤维构成的光学总线。

公开(公告)号：US4342499A

公开(公告)日：1982-08-03

申请号：US135798

申请日：1980-03-31

申请人： John W. Hicks, Jr.

发明人： John W. Hicks, Jr.

IPC分类号： G02B6/293 ,  G02B6/28 ,  G02B6/34 ,  G02B6/38 ,  G02B26/00 ,  G02F1/01 ,  H01S5/062 ,  H01S5/50 ,  H04B10/12 ,  G02B5/172

CPC分类号： G02B6/29332 ,  G02B26/002 ,  G02B6/2835 ,  G02B6/29344 ,  G02B6/2938 ,  G02B6/29395 ,  G02B6/3843 ,  G02F1/0128 ,  H01S5/0622 ,  H01S5/50 ,  H01S3/06737 ,  H01S3/094007 ,  H01S3/094019 ,  H01S3/094076

摘要： A wave length filter construction using fiber optics techniques and devices for selective tuning. By core coupling for a portion of the fiber lengths, a communications facility is provided and various wave length selection structures are enabled.

摘要翻译： 使用光纤技术的波长滤波器结构和用于选择性调谐的器件。 通过用于一部分光纤长度的核心耦合，提供通信设施并使能各种波长选择结构。

公开(公告)号：US4315666A

公开(公告)日：1982-02-16

申请号：US21868

申请日：1979-03-19

申请人： John W. Hicks, Jr.

发明人： John W. Hicks, Jr.

IPC分类号： G02B6/26 ,  G02B6/28 ,  G02B6/38 ,  G02B5/172

CPC分类号： G02B6/283 ,  G02B6/2821 ,  G02B6/2835 ,  G02B6/2843 ,  G02B6/3843 ,  H01S3/06737 ,  H01S3/094007 ,  H01S3/094019

摘要： A coupling structure for coupling light intelligence between fiber optic elements. Both abuttment and lateral coupling structures are presented.

摘要翻译： 用于耦合光纤元件之间的光智能的耦合结构。 提出了邻接和横向耦合结构。

公开(公告)号：US4243296A

公开(公告)日：1981-01-06

申请号：US22705

申请日：1979-03-22

申请人： Hubert Aulich ,  Franz Auracher ,  Hans H. Witte

发明人： Hubert Aulich ,  Franz Auracher ,  Hans H. Witte

IPC分类号： C03B37/023 ,  G02B6/00 ,  G02B6/02 ,  G02B6/28 ,  G02B27/10 ,  G02B5/14

CPC分类号： C03B37/023 ,  G02B6/2835 ,  G02B6/2856 ,  C03B2203/34

摘要： An optical unit having at least one longitudinal side coupling zone characterized by the unit comprising at least one glass fiber having a glass core with a glass cladding layer surrounding the core with a step in the index of refraction from a greater to a lower value occurring at the junction between the glass core and cladding layer, the cross section of the glass fiber remaining uniform along the entire length and the core having at least one constriction to form the longitudinal coupling zone. To form the optical unit, a device utilizing a double crucible with a nozzle opening of the inner crucible being arranged to discharge into the nozzle opening of the outer crucible and provided with a means for regulating the flow therethrough is utilized. If the unit includes a plurality of optical fibers, these fibers may be individually formed and held together by an adhesive, the cladding of the fiber may be fused together or the unit may be formed jointly by utilizing a crucible having a plurality of nozzle openings for the inner crucible so that a continuous cladding layer is disposed around a plurality of cores.