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    Chloride, bromide and iodide scintillators with europium doping
    3.
    发明授权
    Chloride, bromide and iodide scintillators with europium doping 有权
    用铕掺杂的氯化物，溴化物和碘化物闪烁体

    公开(公告)号：US09453161B2

    公开(公告)日：2016-09-27

    申请号：US14314393

    申请日：2014-06-25

    申请人： University of Tennessee Research Foundation

    发明人： Mariya Zhuravleva ,  Kan Yang

    IPC分类号： C09K11/61 ,  C09K11/77 ,  C30B29/12 ,  C04B35/515 ,  C04B35/645 ,  C30B11/00 ,  G21K4/00 ,  C30B15/00

    CPC分类号： C09K11/7733 ,  C04B35/5152 ,  C04B35/6455 ,  C04B2235/3208 ,  C04B2235/3213 ,  C04B2235/3215 ,  C04B2235/3224 ,  C04B2235/9653 ,  C09K11/7791 ,  C30B11/00 ,  C30B15/00 ,  C30B29/12 ,  G21K4/00 ,  Y10T428/2982

    摘要： A halide scintillator material is disclosed where the halide may comprise chloride, bromide or iodide. The material is single-crystalline and has a composition of the general formula ABX3 where A is an alkali, B is an alkali earth and X is a halide which general composition was investigated. In particular, crystals of the formula ACa1-yEuyI3 where A=K, Rb and Cs were formed as well as crystals of the formula CsA1-yEuyX3 (where A=Ca, Sr, Ba, or a combination thereof and X=Cl, Br or I or a combination thereof) with divalent Europium doping where 0≦y≦1, and more particularly Eu doping has been studied at one to ten mol %. The disclosed scintillator materials are suitable for making scintillation detectors used in applications such as medical imaging and homeland security.

    摘要翻译： 公开了卤化物闪烁体材料，其中卤化物可以包括氯化物，溴化物或碘化物。 该材料是单晶的并且具有通式ABX3的组成，其中A是碱，B是碱土，X是一般组成的卤化物。 特别地，形成式ACa1-yEuyI3的晶体，其中A = K，Rb和Cs以及式CsAl-yEuyX3的晶体（其中A = Ca，Sr，Ba或其组合，X = Cl，Br 或I或它们的组合），其中0≤y≤1的二价铕掺杂，更具体地说，Eu掺杂以1至10mol％进行了研究。 公开的闪烁体材料适用于制造用于医学成像和国土安全等应用的闪烁检测器。

    Rare-earth halide single crystals
    6.
    发明授权
    Rare-earth halide single crystals 有权
    稀土卤化物单晶

    公开(公告)号：US08252260B2

    公开(公告)日：2012-08-28

    申请号：US13206941

    申请日：2011-08-10

    申请人： Alain Iltis

    发明人： Alain Iltis

    IPC分类号： C01F17/00

    CPC分类号： C04B35/653 ,  C04B35/5152 ,  C04B2235/3201 ,  C04B2235/3224 ,  C04B2235/3227 ,  C04B2235/3229 ,  C04B2235/444 ,  C04B2235/6562 ,  C04B2235/658 ,  C04B2235/77 ,  C09K11/7704 ,  C09K11/7772 ,  C30B11/00 ,  C30B29/12

    摘要： The invention relates to a method of preparing a polycrystalline block of a halide of formula AeLnfX(3f+e) in which Ln represents one or more rare earths, X represents one or more halogen atoms selected from the group consisting of Cl, Br and I, and A represents one or more alkali metals selected from the group consisting of K, Li, Na, Rb and Cs, e, which may be zero, being less than or equal to 3f, and f being greater than or equal to 1, having a low water and oxyhalide content, in which the method comprises heating a mixture of, on the one hand, at least one compound having at least one Ln—X bond and, on the other hand, a sufficient amount of NH4X in order to obtain the oxyhalide content, resulting in a molten mass comprising the rare-earth halide, the heating being followed by cooling, and the heating, after having reached 300° C., never going below 200° C. before the molten mass has been obtained. The blocks thus produced allow very pure single crystals having remarkable scintillation properties to be grown.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种制备式AeLnfX（3f + e）的卤化物的多晶块的方法，其中Ln表示一种或多种稀土，X表示一个或多个选自Cl，Br和I的卤素原子 A表示选自K，Li，Na，Rb和Cs的一种或多种碱金属，e可以为零，小于或等于3f，f大于或等于1， 具有低水和卤氧化物含量，其中所述方法包括加热一方面至少一种具有至少一个Ln-X键的化合物和另一方面足够量的NH 4 X的混合物，以便 获得卤氧化物含量，得到包含稀土卤化物的熔融物质，然后进行冷却，加热后，在达到300℃之前，在获得熔融物质之前，不得低于200℃。 如此制备的嵌段可以使具有显着闪烁特性的非常纯的单晶生长。

    Method of producing ceramic foams
    7.
    发明授权
    Method of producing ceramic foams 有权
    生产陶瓷泡沫的方法

    公开(公告)号：US07850900B2

    公开(公告)日：2010-12-14

    申请号：US11935721

    申请日：2007-11-06

    申请人： Gideon Grader ,  Gennady Shter ,  Yoram Dehazan

    发明人： Gideon Grader ,  Gennady Shter ,  Yoram Dehazan

    IPC分类号： B29C65/00

    CPC分类号： C04B35/10 ,  B01J35/04 ,  C04B35/5152 ,  C04B38/0045 ,  C04B2111/00793 ,  C04B2111/52 ,  C04B38/0061 ,  C04B38/02 ,  C04B38/0054 ,  C04B38/0074

    摘要： A process for foaming ceramic foams, in which the ceramic foams are produced from a precursor or a mixture of precursors which contain at least one ceramic-forming element and liberates at least one volatile reaction product during an inorganic gelation process. In one embodiment, foaming is based on a precursor containing crystals of the AICI3(Pri2O) complex. The decomposition of the initial precursor produces polymerizing species dissolved in liquid isopropyl chloride. The solvent and growing AIOxCIy(OPri)z species are mixed homogeneously so that the boiling point of the solution is raised above the boiling point of the pure isopropyl chloride. Polymerization takes place in the liquid until a critical polymer size is attained, whereupon a phase separation into polymer rich and solvent rich regions occurs. Since the expelled solvent is suddenly above its boiling point, bubbles start forming instantly. Foam stabilization takes place as a result of gelation in the polymer rich regions which comprise the cell walls in the foam. The net result of the process is a gelled ultra light foam.

    摘要翻译： 一种用于发泡陶瓷泡沫的方法，其中陶瓷泡沫由含有至少一种陶瓷形成元素的前体或前体混合物制备，并且在无机凝胶化过程中释放出至少一种挥发性反应产物。 在一个实施方案中，发泡基于含有AICI3（Pri2O）络合物的晶体的前体。 初始前体的分解产生溶解在液体异丙基氯中的聚合物质。 将溶剂和生长的AIOxCIy（OPri）z物质均匀混合，使得溶液的沸点升高到高于纯异丙基氯的沸点。 在液体中进行聚合，直到达到临界聚合物尺寸，由此发生相分离成富含富含和富含溶剂的区域。 由于排出的溶剂突然高于其沸点，气泡立即开始形成。 泡沫稳定化是由于在包含泡沫中的泡孔壁的富聚合物区域中的凝胶化而发生的。 该方法的最终结果是凝胶超轻泡沫。

    Method of producing ceramic foams
    9.
    发明申请
    Method of producing ceramic foams 有权
    生产陶瓷泡沫的方法

    公开(公告)号：US20080058194A1

    公开(公告)日：2008-03-06

    申请号：US11935721

    申请日：2007-11-06

    申请人： Gideon Grader ,  Gennady Shter ,  Yoram Dehazan

    发明人： Gideon Grader ,  Gennady Shter ,  Yoram Dehazan

    IPC分类号： C04B38/00

    CPC分类号： C04B35/10 ,  B01J35/04 ,  C04B35/5152 ,  C04B38/0045 ,  C04B2111/00793 ,  C04B2111/52 ,  C04B38/0061 ,  C04B38/02 ,  C04B38/0054 ,  C04B38/0074

    摘要： A process for foaming ceramic foams, in which the ceramic foams are produced from a precursor or a mixture of precursors which contain at least one ceramic-forming element and liberates at least one volatile reaction product during an inorganic gelation process. In one embodiment, foaming is based on a precursor containing crystals of the AICI3(Pri2O) complex. The decomposition of the initial precursor produces polymerizing species dissolved in liquid isopropyl chloride. The solvent and growing AIOxCIy(OPri)z species are mixed homogeneously so that the boiling point of the solution is raised above the boiling point of the pure isopropyl chloride. Polymerization takes place in the liquid until a critical polymer size is attained, whereupon a phase separation into polymer rich and solvent rich regions occurs. Since the expelled solvent is suddenly above its boiling point, bubbles start forming instantly. Foam stabilization takes place as a result of gelation in the polymer rich regions which comprise the cell walls in the foam. The net result of the process is a gelled ultra light foam.

    摘要翻译： 一种用于发泡陶瓷泡沫的方法，其中陶瓷泡沫由含有至少一种陶瓷形成元素的前体或前体混合物制备，并且在无机凝胶化过程中释放出至少一种挥发性反应产物。 在一个实施方案中，发泡是基于含有AICI 3（Pr 2 O 2 O 2）络合物的晶体的前体。 初始前体的分解产生溶解在液体异丙基氯中的聚合物质。 将溶剂和生长的AIO x Cl取代物（均匀）混合均匀，使得沸点 的溶液升高到高于纯异丙基氯的沸点。 在液体中进行聚合，直到达到临界聚合物尺寸，由此发生相分离成富含富含和富含溶剂的区域。 由于排出的溶剂突然高于其沸点，气泡立即开始形成。 泡沫稳定化是由于在包含泡沫中的泡孔壁的富聚合物区域中的凝胶化而发生的。 该方法的最终结果是凝胶超轻泡沫。