The invention discloses a detection method for insertion/deletion of a cattle ACVR1 gene and application thereof. The detection method comprises the following steps: amplifying the ACVR1 gene by virtue of a PCR technique by adopting a cattle whole genome DNA to be detected as a template and adopting a primer pair P1 as a primer, performing the agarose gel electrophoresis, and identifying differentgene type of the ACVR1 gene on a site AC_000159.1:g33007-33023 according to the electrophoresis result. The result shows that different insertion/deletion types of the ACVR1 gene 16-bp are significantly related to the growth and development characters of a circumference of cannon bone and a chest circumference of the Chinese cattle, and prompts that the insertion/deletion of the ACVR1 gene 16-bpcan be used as a DNA marker of the Chinese cattle growth and development character, thereby rapidly establishing a cattle genetic resource group with excellent growth and development characters.