The invention provides a static pre-load micro-nano material mechanical property detection structure. The static pre-load micro-nano material mechanical property detection structure comprises a post-buckling type micro-force detection structure and a static buckling type pre-load structure, wherein the static buckling type pre-load structure after loading the voltage is capable of triggering the transformation of an internal component by utilizing static acting force to carry out pre-loading; when an electrothermal buckling type pre-load structure does not carry out the pre-loading, the post-buckling type micro-force detection structure is positioned in a natural load-free state; when the static buckling type pre-load structure carries out the pre-loading, the post-buckling type micro-force detection structure is axially compressed and is positioned in a pre-load buckling type balance state, the post-buckling type micro-force detection structure is subjected to the axial micro-force action of a test specimen, and the pre-load buckling type balance state is changed, so that the post-buckling type micro-force detection structure is subjected to the amplifying horizontal structure change, and the micro-force detection is realized. The static pre-load micro-nano material mechanical property detection structure provided by the invention has the advantages that the size is small, the stable, reliable and reused performances are realized, the manufacture is easy, the axial micro-force is sensitive, the force resolution ratio is high, the transverse transformation is controlled and the like.