US07748052B2
A scanning probe microscope capable of preventing contact between the probe and a sample and a method of operating this microscope. The scanning probe microscope measures the topography of a surface of the sample by scanning the probe relative to the surface of the sample. A scanning reference position in the heightwise direction is updated in response to a maximum value of the height of the surface of the sample on the scan lines scanned so far. A limit value is set for motion of the probe in the heightwise direction relative to the scanning reference position. After the update, the next scan line is scanned. In this way, scanning is carried out along the successive scan lines.
US07748045B2
Techniques for utilizing security criteria to implement document retention for electronic documents are disclosed. The security criteria can also limit when, how and where access to the electronic documents is permitted. The security criteria can pertain to keys (or ciphers) used to secure (e.g., encrypt) electronic files (namely, electronic documents), or to unsecure (e.g., decrypt) electronic files already secured. At least a portion of the security criteria can be used to implement document retention, namely, a document retention policy. After a secured electronic document has been retained for the duration of the document retention policy, the associated security criteria becomes no longer available, thus preventing subsequent access to the secured electronic document. In other words, access restrictions on electronic documents can be used to prevent access to electronic documents which are no longer to be retained.
US07748042B2
Security level of a computing system may be computed based on determining various security factor values for different operational aspects of the processing components. These security factor values are scaled to representative values or other types of identifiers. These security factor values may then be mapped on a security expectation scale, including taking into account the corresponding operational aspects. From this security factor value mapping, a computing system security determination can be calculated, which provides a vulnerability determination for the computing system providing information not only to the individual components, but also to the system as a whole.
US07748023B2
A method, device and/or system for connecting at least one subscriber device, e.g., a legacy subscriber device, to a wideband distribution network. The device may include, for example, an up-converter to up-convert a subscriber upstream signal within a subscriber upstream frequency band supported by the subscriber device, into an up-converted upstream signal within an upstream sub-band of an extended upstream frequency band; and/or a down-converter to down-convert an extended downstream signal in an extended downstream frequency band, into a down-converted subscriber downstream signal within a subscriber downstream frequency band supported by the subscriber device.
US07748013B2
A cartridge includes a case member (500) and a shutter member (100). The case member (500) includes a upper case section (505) and a lowercase section (506). A step portion (507) is formed at a boundary (508) between the upper case section (505) and the lower case section (506). The upper case section (505) includes a shutter pressing section (517) including a plurality of eaves sections (510). Each of the plurality of eaves sections (510) is configured to engage with the eaves engagement section (104) of the shutter member (100). At least two of the plurality of eaves sections (510) are located spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance (519). The lower case section (505) includes a connection portion (520). The connection portion (520) is connected to the step portion (507) at a location between the at least two eaves sections (510), which are located spaced apart from each other by the predetermined distance (519), of the plurality of eaves sections (510).
US07748012B2
Embodiments of methods and systems for controlling access to information stored on memory or data storage devices are disclosed. In various embodiments, methods of retrieving information from a data storage device previously deactivated by modification or degradation of at least a portion of the data storage device are disclosed.
US07748011B2
An optical disk drive with a noise reduction function, is used to read an optical storage media. The optical disk drive includes a turntable, a housing and a clamper. The turntable supports the optical storage media. An opening is formed on the housing. The camper is positioned on the opening, where the turntable rises upwards to connect with the clamper and lower towards a down position to separate form the camper. The clamper further comprises a base portion and a resilient arm. At least one concave section, which faces the turntable, is formed on the base portion. At least one resilient arm extends from the base and has a convex portion at the end thereof. The convex portion, which also faces the turntable, is positioned between the concave section and the turntable.
US07748008B1
A method and system for allowing a single resource (e.g., a serial port) to be shared by multiple applications in a cooperative manner. The first application to use the resource defines a yield callback that is invoked when a second application makes a request for the serial port. The callback allows the first application to decide whether or not it will yield the resource to the second application. If the first application grants the request, the second application is allowed to use the resource; otherwise, the first application continues to use the resource and the second application receives an error message. The first application can be notified when the second application is finished with the resource, so that the resource can be returned to the first application for use.
US07748005B2
In an embodiment, a computing system comprises a plurality of resources, a first manager process for allocating the plurality of resources on a dynamic basis according to service level parameters, and a plurality of computing domains, wherein at least one application, a respective second manager process, and a respective performance monitor process are executed within each computing domain, and wherein the performance monitor generates performance data related to the execution of the at least one application and the second manager process requests additional resources from the first manager process in response to analysis of performance data in view of at least one service level parameter.
US07748001B2
Method, apparatus and system embodiments to assign priority to a thread when the thread is otherwise unable to proceed with instruction retirement. For at least one embodiment, the thread is one of a plurality of active threads in a multiprocessor system that includes memory livelock breaker logic and/or starvation avoidance logic. Other embodiments are also described and claimed.
US07748000B2
An install program is enabled for a user to configure at least one location of at least one policy system that is to be accessed via a network to gather at least one install policy, where the install policy specifies a policy for filtering out a selection of install items from among multiple items installable by the install program. In addition, the install program retrieves the install policy from each accessed location when filtering a list of the items installable by the install program to only include a particular selection of install items for the client system as directed by accessed install policies.
US07747997B1
A system and method for saving metadata information related to firmware/software updates in a SIM card is disclosed. An electronic device with an update agent may employ an update package reference storage area in a SIM card to save metadata information related to a downloaded update package. The update agent may access the stored metadata information during power up or reboot in order to access and/or process the downloaded update package. The SIM card, or in various embodiments of the present invention, a smart card, a removable memory card, or a removable memory module, may be employed by the electronic device to save information about downloaded files that are stored in a file system in the electronic device. Such information may subsequently be accessed by the update agent when the file system is not available. This may occur, for example, during power-up or reboot, when the update package needs to be accessed to perform a firmware/software update.
US07747996B1
A method to enabling interoperability of a locking synchronization method with a lock-free synchronization method in a multi-threaded environment is presented. The method examines a class file for mutable fields contained in critical code sections. The mutable fields are transferred to a shadow record and a pointer is substituted in the class field for each transferred mutable field. Code is altered so that the lock-free synchronization method is used if a lock is not held on the object. Atomic compare and swap operations are employed after mutable fields are updated during execution of the lock-free synchronization method.
US07747990B2
A compiling method compiles an object program to be executed by a processor having a plurality of execution units operable in parallel. A first availability chain is created from a producer instruction (p1) to a first consumer instruction (c1), when the execution of the instruction requires a value produced by the producer instruction. The first availability chain includes at least one move instruction (mv1-mv3) for moving the required value from a first point (20: ARF) accessible by the producer execution unit to a second point (22: DRF) accessible by a first consumer execution unit. When a second consumer instruction (c2), also requiring the same value, is scheduled for execution by an execution unit (23: EXU) other than the first consumer execution unit, at least part of the first availability chain is reused to move the required value to a point (23: DRF) accessible by that other execution unit.
US07747986B2
A computing system for determining performance factors for using in performance modeling of a deployed subject system, is presented. The computing system includes a plurality of software components comprising the subject system. Each of the components is susceptible to event tracing while executing on the computing system. The computing system includes a tracing component. The tracing component is configured to trace events of the components of the subject system as they execute. The computing system includes a transaction identification table. The transaction identification table comprises starting and ending actions for transactions performed by the subject system. The computing system also includes a transaction identification component that identifies actions from traced events, identifies related actions corresponding to a transaction according to the starting and ending actions in the transaction identification table, and stores the related actions in the transaction workflow data store.
US07747985B2
Techniques and tools for testing multi-threaded or distributed software systems are described. For example, a multi-threaded system is instrumented and executed to produce logs of events that are performed by each of its agents. The agent logs contain a totally ordered series of events per agent, as well as information about accesses to resources shared between the agents. With this information, a partial ordering of the events performed by all the agents is described for the execution. The agent logs are then multiplexed into one or more serialized event orderings, which can then be compared to a specification of the system in a conformance testing engine.
US07747982B1
The invention relates to delivering a program to an individual business or residence. In one embodiment, a process for distributing a program sent by a content distributor to a user location is described. A command from the content distributor is received and processed that requests storage of the program at the user location. The user location receives the program and stores the program. The storing is performed in response to at least the processing of the command. A user action related to the program is detected after storage of the program.
US07747977B1
Various embodiments of the present invention relate to particle beam writing to fabricate an integrated circuit on a wafer. In various embodiments, cell projection (CP) cell library information is stored in the form of a data structure. Subsequently, the CP cell library information is referenced by a writing system. The patterns are written on the wafer depending on the referenced CP cell library.
US07747973B2
Techniques are disclosed for clustering circuit paths in an electronic design automation process for use in improving the timing characteristics of the overall circuit design. Circuit paths included in the cluster may be subjected to placing and routing as a group to relocate instances of circuit components included in the clustered circuit paths to thereby improve the overall circuit design timing.
US07747961B2
A display device may include a display unit, a touch detecting unit that detects a touch on the display unit, a touch-position detecting unit that detects a touch position on the touch detecting unit and outputs coordinate data of the position, a display control unit that causes the display unit to provide dual view display of an image and display a menu image, a menu generating unit that generates first and second top menus, and a control unit that performs control to display the top menus in different positions on a screen of the display unit, to determine, on the basis of the coordinate data from the touch-position detecting unit, which of the top menus has been touched, to enable operations on one of the top menus that has been touched, and to disable operations on the other one of the top menus.
US07747960B2
A control for, and method of, operating at least two medical systems, each of which generates its own visual display output and accepts commands from an input device. The control includes a display, having an active display area, and at least one inactive display area, at least one input device which provides inputs to the medical system whose visual display output is being displayed on the active display area, and a controller that automatically selects the medical system whose visual display output is displayed on the active display area.
US07747956B2
A novel application and user interface for facilitating group interactions over a network integrates messaging, file sharing, media playing, journaling, profiles, and gaming into a cohesive environment. The groups facilitated by the invention are persistent and mobile in that a user does not have to recollect and reconfigure the group each time he or she wants to interact with the group online and, while online, the group may be taken from one activity to another without having to disband and reconnect at the second activity. The application is modular so as to be extensible to include other activities and functionalities. In an embodiment, the group interaction application utilizes a peer-to-peer network environment to facilitate network communications between group members.
US07747955B2
A method for browsing a document comprising analyzing at least a part of a structure of the document; providing an icon for an element in the structure; and accessing at least part of the document corresponding to the icon. Also disclosed is a device, a document browser, and a storage media carrying a software program for browsing a document.
US07747949B2
A method for processing a physical document. A record is created in a selections table stored in a user device. Creating the record includes entering into the record: a document number that identifies both the physical document and an electronic document that is an electronic copy of the physical document, a page number that identifies a page of the physical document and a corresponding page of the electronic document, and a network address of a server that stores the electronic document. The user device receives an identification of where a selected region within the page of the physical document is located within the page. The received identification is inserted into the record of the selections table. Selected data in the record of the selections table may be sent to a user workstation, such that the selected data includes the document number, the page number, and the network address.
US07747928B2
A prediction signal calculator with a limit function is provided with a multiplier calculating a partial prediction signal composed of the product of a polar prediction coefficient for generating a regenerative signal and a quantized regenerative signal, a display conversion section for converting the partial prediction signal from floating point representation to an absolute value display, and a limiter executing processing for substituting limit values in the partial prediction signal satisfying overflow conditions during conversion of the partial prediction signal from floating point representation to an absolute value display in the event that the error detector determines that there are code errors in the audio data for a predetermined number of frames of the audio data.
US07747927B2
A non-volatile memory device is provided with a controller and includes method that controls memory operations and to emulate the memory and communication characteristics of a legacy memory device. In this way, the memory device is compatible with a host that was originally designed to operate the legacy memory device. In particular, the controller performs the emulation to the host taking into account differences such as multibit memory, error correction requirement, memory support of overwrites, and erasable block sizes.
US07747926B2
A memory device, such an MRAM device, includes self-healing reference bits (104) associated with a set of array bits (102). The memory performs an error detection step (e.g., using an error-correction coding (ECC) algorithm, to detect the presence of a set of errors within the data bits. One of the reference bits (104) is toggled to a different state if an error count is greater than a predetermined threshold. If the set of errors remains unchanged when subsequently read, the reference bit (104) is toggled back to its original state.
US07747923B2
Embodiments of a method and apparatus for a transceiver decoding an Ethernet signal. The method includes receiving an Ethernet bit stream. The bit stream is at least one of low-complexity decoded by a low-complexity decoder of the transceiver or high-complexity decoded by a high-complexity decoder of the transceiver. If the bit stream fails a low-complexity decoding test, then the bit stream is high-complexity decoded. The low-complexity decoding and high complexity decoding are iteratively repeated until the bit stream passes the low-complexity decoding test.
US07747911B1
A method and apparatus for verifying non-volatile memory. A first transmission of data is received by a first memory of a device. The data is received by a non-volatile memory of the device. The data received by the non-volatile memory is verified by comparing it to the data in the first memory with comparison logic of the device. The verification is performed without receiving a second transmission of the data and without sending a second transmission of the data. A result is generated from the comparison.
US07747908B2
A system and method for creating different start cache and bus states using multiple test patterns for processor design verification and validation is presented. A test pattern generator/tester re-uses test patterns in different configurations that alter cache states and translation lookaside buffer (TLB) states, which produces different timing scenarios on a broadband bus. The test pattern generator/tester creates multiple test patterns for a multi-processor system and executes the test patterns repeatedly in different configurations without rebuilding the test patterns. This enables a system to dedicate more time executing the test patterns instead of building the test patterns. By repeatedly executing the same test patterns in a different configuration, the invention described herein produces different start cache states, different TLB states, along with other processor units, each time the test patterns execute that, in turn, changes the bus timing.
US07747898B1
Method/system is disclosed for recovering computing capacity and critical applications after a catastrophic failure. The method/system involves distributing the computing capacity over multiple computing clusters, each computing cluster having concurrent access to shared data and software applications of other computing clusters. Sufficient backup computing capacity is reserved on each computing cluster to recover some or all active computing capacity on the other computing clusters. Message traffic throughout the computing clusters is monitored for indications of a catastrophic failure. Upon confirmation of a catastrophic failure at one computing cluster, the workloads of that computing cluster are transferred to the backup computing capacity of the other computing clusters. Software applications that have been designated for recovery are then brought up on the backup computing capacity of the other computing clusters. Such an arrangement allows computing capacity and critical software applications to be quickly recovered after a catastrophic failure.
US07747895B2
An apparatus, program product and method checks for nodal faults in a group of nodes comprising a center node and all adjacent nodes. The center node concurrently communicates with the immediately adjacent nodes in three dimensions. The communications are analyzed to determine a presence of a faulty node or connection.
US07747886B1
Embodiments of the present invention provide a method and apparatus for managing power states in a personal computing device, while maintaining a perception by the user of “instant on” functionality. In various embodiments of the invention, the power states are presented to the user as a simple on/off option and the power management protocol is not visible within the user interface of the personal computing device thereby providing the user with the impression that the system is operating with a simple binary on/off protocol. In one embodiment of the invention, the personal computing device is operable to transition between a set of power states that include: 1) an “on” power state wherein the display is on and the customer can use all input devices; 2) a “ready” state wherein the display is turned off, but some modules, such as a radio module, remain on; 3) an “off” state wherein the personal computing device turns off after a slight pause, but a “booted kernel” is held in SDRAM; and 4) a “dead” state wherein none of the modules of the personal computing device are powered and the device must be cold booted to restart.
US07747883B2
A computer system with a non-support hyper-transport processor and a controlling method of a hyper-transport bus thereof. The computer system includes a system management controller, a Northbridge, a hyper-transport bus, a central processing unit and a power management signal line. The Northbridge is electrically connected to the system management controller through the hyper-transport bus. The central processing unit is electrically connected to the Northbridge, and the central processing unit does not support the hyper-transport bus. The system management controller outputs a power management signal to the central processing unit and the Northbridge through the power management signal line so that the hyper-transport bus changes from a first working frequency to a second working frequency, and from a first bus width to a second bus width.
US07747871B2
An information recording apparatus comprises an encryption section encrypting contents information and also a license condition referred to to limit use of the contents information and a decoding key for decoding the encrypted contents information to generate license information, and a recording section recording the encrypted contents information and the generated license information on a recording medium. An information reproducing apparatus comprises a decoder unit decoding the license information recorded on the recording medium using a second decoding key for decoding the license information and deciding on the basis of the license condition contained in the decoded license information whether the contents information can be used. If it is decided that the contents information can be used, the encrypted contents information recorded on the recording medium is decoded using the first decoding key contained in the decoded license information.
US07747866B1
The invention detects changes in one or more parameter values sent by a server through user space. In one embodiment, a Web server communicates with a client over the Internet. Before sending the parameter value or values to the client, the server performs a pre-processing step, creating a formatted data string. The server then transmits the formatted data string to the client in a URL or a cookie. When the client returns the formatted data string and other data to the server, the server performs a post-processing step to verify that the parameter value or values have not been tampered with. This round trip technique is a departure from approaches that merely detect tampering of data as it passes between two nodes of a network.
US07747860B2
A sending device prepares a key for each electronic message sent by the device by applying an algorithm to specified data in the message and then incorporates the key in the message. A receiving device, upon receipt of an electronic message, locates the incorporated key and the data from which a sending device practicing the invention would have prepared it. The receiving device communicates a confirmation request to the purported sending device which contains the key and the data for its preparation. The sending device receives the confirmation messages and prepares a comparison key by applying the algorithm to the data in the confirmation request. The sending device replies to the confirmation request confirming that the sending device sent the message if the comparison key matches the key in the confirmation request and otherwise responds with a denial.
US07747853B2
According to one embodiment, a digital stream, inclusive of an Internet Protocol (IP) datagram, is transmitted to a digital device. IP datagram comprises an IP header and a body segmented including a plurality of packets in an MPEG format such as MPEG-2 or MPEG-4 for example. The plurality of packets comprises (i) a first packet including a payload having content and a header that comprises a first packet identifier to indicate a type of the content contained in the payload of the first packet, and (ii) a second packet including a payload and a secondary packet identifier to indicate that its payload includes content duplicative of the content contained in the first packet. The second packet precedes the first packet in the digital stream. Upon detecting the presence of duplicative content, the duplicative content is recovered, but the content contained in the payload of the first packet is disregarded.
US07747846B2
A basic input/output system may be stored on two different memories coupled to active management technology firmware and a trusted platform module. The trusted platform module ensures that access to the correct memory. One of the memories is selected to store an update of the basic input/output system.
US07747845B2
Disclosed is a method and apparatus providing the ability to create a multi-level prediction algorithm, whereby branch predictions beyond the first level of prediction are maintained at a secondary level because the prior level was unsuccessfully able to highly predict the direction of the stated branch accurately. A secondary level is smaller in size than the upper level through selected filtering thereby enabling high prediction accuracy of branches while minimizing the amount of hardware required to perform stated predictions.
US07747842B1
An output buffer in a multi-threaded processor is managed to store a variable amount of output data. Parallel threads produce a variable amount of output data. A controller is configured to determine how much output buffer space is needed per thread and how many threads can execute in parallel, given the available space in the output buffer. The controller also determines where each thread writes to in the output buffer.
US07747841B2
A technique known as checkpointed early load retirement, combines register checkpointing load-value prediction to manage long-latency loads. When a long-latency load reaches the retirement stage unresolved, the processor enters Clear mode by (1) taking a Checkpoint of the architectural registers, (2) supplying a load-value prediction to consumers, and (3) early-retiring the long-latency load. This unclogs retirement, thereby “clearing the way” for subsequent instructions to retire, and also allowing instructions dependent on the long-latency load to execute sooner. When the actual value returns from memory, it is compared against the prediction. A misprediction causes the processor to roll back to the checkpoint, discarding all subsequent computation.
US07747826B2
A cache coherent data processing system includes at least first and second coherency domains each including at least one processing unit. The first coherency domain includes a first cache memory, and the second coherency domain includes a coherent second cache memory. The first cache memory within the first coherency domain of the data processing system holds a memory block in a storage location associated with an address tag and a coherency state field. The coherency state field is set to a state that indicates that the address tag is valid, that the storage location does not contain valid data, and that the memory block is likely cached only within the first coherency domain.
US07747824B2
Embodiments of the present invention provide methods and systems for efficiently tracking evicted or non-resident pages. For each non-resident page, a first hash value is generated from the page's metadata, such as the page's mapping and offset parameters. This first hash value is then used as an index to point one of a plurality of circular buffers. Each circular buffer comprises an entry for a clock pointer and entries that uniquely represent non-resident pages. The clock pointer points to the next page that is suitable for replacement and moves through the circular buffer as pages are evicted. In some embodiments, the entries that uniquely represent non-resident pages are a hash value that is generated from the page's inode data.
US07747818B1
One embodiment of the present invention sets forth a technique for reducing the latency associated with media protection notification for serial interface mass storage devices, such as serial AT attachment (SATA) hard disk drives. A new link layer primitive, referred to as hold-emergency (HOLDE), incorporates the flow-control behavior of the existing HOLD command, with the additional new action of notifying the hard disk drive to take emergency steps to prepare for impact. The HOLDE link layer primitive operates in conjunction with the existing hold-acknowledge (HOLDA) primitive and is semantically similar to the existing HOLD primitive. The HOLDE mechanism is preferably implemented directly in hardware in the SATA link layer state machines within the host and the hard disk drive.
US07747814B2
Saving state of Random Access Memory (RAM) in use by guest operating system software is accomplished using state saving software that starts a plurality of compression threads for compressing RAM data blocks used by the guest. Each compression thread determines a compression level for a RAM data block based on a size of a queue of data to be written to disk, then compresses the RAM data block, and places the compressed block in the queue.
US07747799B2
Data transfer is performed to and from a host computer using a first block as the minimum unit. Data transfer is performed to and from a storage area using a second block as the minimum unit. A second block set of the storage area stores data obtained from performing data conversion processes that change the size of the data itself, with a first block set as the unit. Here a correspondence relationship is generated between the first block set and the second block set. In response to a read request from the host computer, a second block set, which corresponds to the first block set that includes the first block that is requested, is read, a reverse-conversion process is performed, and the data is sent to the host computer.
US07747795B2
A media access controller to adapt a rate of an output signal to a rate of an output medium is provided. The media access controller includes a register configured to output data to an external device, said register comprising a first input configured to control an output of the register and a second input configured to control an input to said register. The media access controller also includes a receiver configured to accept a signal from an external clock over the output medium and to provide said external clock signal to said first input of said register. An internal clock in the media access controller is configured to provide an internal clock signal from said internal clock to said second input of said register.
US07747792B2
In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, an assistance mechanism tracks a plurality of time intervals between a plurality of input events. Each input event of said plurality of input events is generated by a user physically manipulating an input device at a client. Based on the plurality of time intervals, the assistance mechanism dynamically determines a threshold period. Then the assistance mechanism determines whether a subsequent input event has been generated within said threshold period. In response to determining that an input event has not been generated within said threshold period, the assistance mechanism may cause information to be displayed at the client.
US07747782B2
A system and method is provided for enabling an electronic device to efficiently access information content. A server browser accesses the information content over a network. The accessed information content is retrieved and adapted for presentation for the electronic device. A serializer dynamically formats the adapted information content according to a client browser. The client browser receives and presents the information content on the electronic device. An event translator is included to provide additional compatibility with commercially available client browsers. The information content is formatted to selectively minimize the horizontal scrolling required to view the content. The need for horizontal scrolling is selectively removed where not necessary to preserve the context. Each component or sub-component of the original area, such as a frame, table row, table cell or nested table, is considered separately and may be preserved, resized, or replaced. Where the context requires that the content be wider than the viewable area of the screen, horizontal scrolling is preserved.
US07747773B2
A data communications system has a plurality of nodes connected by a plurality of links. A subset of the links and nodes forms a worker path for carrying worker data through the communications system, and a further subset of links and nodes provides a protection path for carrying other data in the absence of a fault in the worker path and for providing an alternative path for the worker data in the event of a fault in the worker path. The alternative path is predetermined prior to the detection of a fault in the worker path.
US07747768B1
A system, method and computer program product are provided for monitoring digital assets communicated over a network. Initially, packets communicated between a first party and a plurality of other parties are passively inspected. Such packets collectively include at least a portion of data associated with a digital asset. Thereafter, based on the inspected packets, at least one aspect associated with the first party and at least one aspect associated with the digital asset are identified.
US07747766B2
A method and system for recognizing offloaded packets, wherein a common attribute of connection identifications among a plurality of offloaded connections is first calculated. Then, a connection identification of a packet is recognized to determine whether the connection identification of the packet has the common attribute so as to determine whether the packet is a non-offloaded packet. Therefore, the non-offloaded packet can be promptly recognized to greatly lower the recognition workload of an embedded processor, to improve the efficiency of executing a partial offloaded process by the embedded processor and to decrease the operation delay of the non-offloaded packet in a protocol offload processing system.
US07747765B2
Methods and apparatuses for processing media data transmitted in a data communication medium. A digital processing system is provided with a time related sequence of media data provided to the digital processing system based on a set of data, wherein the set of data indicates a method to transmit the time related sequence of media data according to a transmission protocol. The set of data, itself, is a time related sequence of data associated with the time related sequence of media data. The time related sequence of media data may be presented and/or stored by the digital processing system.
US07747763B2
A system and method are provided for ensuring access to the correct instance of a network service. The system includes a plurality of management domains. Each management domain may include at least one server and at least on managed device. When the managed device sends a request for a network service, the request may be received by all servers in the network, including those belonging to different management domains. As such, each server may include a referral list. When the server receives a request, the server may determine whether its management domain includes the appropriate instance of the network service. If it does not, it may forward the request to other servers in the referral list until the appropriate network service is identified.
US07747754B2
Techniques allow a client to be migrated from a session that has been established for a client on a server to another session on another server in a way that is a transparent to the application for which the initial session was established. The sessions are migrated under conditions in which a copy of session state of the session to migrate from the source node does not have to be captured and restored to a destination session.
US07747744B2
A mobile communication system is disclosed which comprises: an information terminal unit; a plurality of mobile stations, each of which communicates with the information terminal unit; a packet mobile switching center which communicates with the plurality of mobile stations through a radio access network; a packet mobile gateway switching center which communicates with the packet mobile switching center through a mobile data network; and a content server which communicates with the packet mobile gateway switching center through the Internet; wherein the information terminal unit downloads or uploads data from or to the content server through the plurality of mobile stations.
US07747741B2
A method for distributing information to a plurality of servers is described. The information is transmitted from a control manager server to a first group leader server. The first group leader server transmits the information to a second group leader server. The second group leader server requests instructions from the control manager server. The second group leader server then transmits, in response to the instructions, the information to a further group leader server. The first group leader server transmits the information to back end servers belonging to a group of the first group leader server. The second group leader server transmits the information to back end servers belonging to a group of the second group leader server. The further group leader server transmits the information to back end servers belonging to a group of the further group leader server.
US07747739B2
Systems and methods are described for a power aggregation system. In one implementation, a service establishes individual Internet connections to numerous electric resources intermittently connected to the power grid, such as electric vehicles. The Internet connection may be made over the same wire that connects the resource to the power grid. The service optimizes power flows to suit the needs of each resource and each resource owner, while aggregating flows across numerous resources to suit the needs of the power grid. The service can bring vast numbers of electric vehicle batteries online as a new, dynamically aggregated power resource for the power grid. Electric vehicle owners can participate in an electricity trading economy regardless of where they plug into the power grid.
US07747737B1
A network device comprises a service card (e.g., a dynamic flow capture (DFC) service card) executing a communication protocol to receive, from one or more control sources, flow capture information specifying at least one destination and criteria for matching one or more packet flows. The network device includes a network interface card to receive a packet from a network, a packet replication module to replicate the packet, and a control unit to provide the replicated packet from the interface card to the DFC service card. The network device includes a filter cache that caches flow capture information recently received from the CSs. The network device may provide real-time intercept and relaying of specified network-based communications. Moreover, the techniques described herein allow CSs to tap packet flows with little delay after specifying flow capture information, e.g., within 50 milliseconds, even under high-volume networks.
US07747734B2
An apparatus, system, and method are disclosed for assessing error over a communication link. The apparatus for assessing error is provided with a logic unit containing a plurality of modules configured to execute the necessary steps of creating one or more test packets, determining an amount of test packets to send over a communication link to a receiving node, sending a plurality of test packets over the communication link to a receiving node, interspersing test packets throughout a plurality of data packets such that the receiving node is able to continually process the data packets, and checking test packets received by the receiving node for errors.
US07747728B1
Techniques are described for centralized management of quality of service (QoS) characteristics of network data flows. A service management system maintains a database that associates access information, such as a username and password, with QoS information. A router or other network device associates a data flow with access information, and queries the service management system with the access information to obtain the QoS information. The router forwards data of the data flow in accordance with the QoS information obtained from the service management system. As the access information may be a username and password, an existing system, such as a Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service (RADIUS) system, may easily be adapted for use as the service management system. As a result, QoS information may easily be centrally managed for numerous routers or other network devices.
US07747723B2
A management system accepts a connection request from a client computer to a server computer, acquires connection settings information, calculates a network bandwidth required for processing for connection from the client computer to the server computer, stores the connection request into a connection request processing queue, determines whether the processing for the connection from the client computer to the server computer can be performed or not, and notifies the client computer of a server identification number. The client computer issues a connection request to the server computer based on the received server identification number, and starts communication therewith. In spite of concentration of connection requests from a large number of client computers to server computers, the connection requests can be processed while controlling the communication data volume generated in a network at a point where the server computers are aggregated, so as to avoid occurrence of congestion.
US07747722B2
A device management method allows a device management client to actively request device management from a device management server with respect to an event occurring in a terminal by defining a step in which the device management client determines the device management server from which device management is requested with respect to a specific management object and a step in which the device management server efficiently processes the request of the device management client.
US07747715B2
A method of locating objects in a distributed electronic environment comprising defining a plurality of object-types, which object-types are assigned a plurality of attributes, one attribute being an object-precedence attribute. A plurality of home locations for objects are defined. When a new object is instantiated, which object has associations with other objects, the new object is located at the home location of the existing object which has the highest precedence value of all the associated objects.
US07747711B2
An administrator 4 (2) registers configuration files of compliant equipment 31 and noncompliant equipment 32 and a configuration script into a management server, and (3) sends the network equipment to a user 33. When the user 33 constructs the local network 3 by connecting the network equipment and turns it on, (4) a configuration request message is transmitted from the compliant equipment 31 to the management server 2. (5) The management server 2 replies with the configuration file of the compliant equipment 31, the configuration file of the noncompliant equipment 32, and the compliant script to the compliant equipment 31 in response to the configuration request. The compliant equipment 31 (6) registers its own configuration file received from the management server 2 into itself, and then (7) configures the configuration file of the noncompliant equipment 32 into the noncompliant equipment by executing the received configuration script.
US07747705B1
The present invention is directed to a contact center configured to convert post notifications from a forum or blog server into work items for distribution to an appropriate agent and forward agent responses to the forum or blog server as a responsive post.
US07747700B2
A system in which AV data stored in an AV server is previewed by a plurality of edit terminals includes a recording apparatus which is connected to those edit terminals and which is capable of higher speed access than a recording element in the AV server, and a first processing element which makes a request to transfer AV data from the AV server to the recording apparatus and a second processing element which previews AV data from the recording apparatus are provided for each of the edit terminals. Accordingly, a material stored in the AV server can be previewed by the plurality of edit terminals simultaneously in parallel without being limited to the number of the input and output ports of the AV server, and the waiting time becomes short when the edit terminal previews the material stored in the AV server.
US07747699B2
System and methods are disclosed that provide users of mobile digital devices the opportunity to obtain a permanent record of the service rendered at the mobile device for all modes of web based services, location based services, services originating at the mobile device and not related to the location of the device, services originating via a voice portal, web based services originating via voice communication. Services include location independent services, such as tickets and coupons, and location based services, such as obtaining directions/or and maps to the nearest store or hotel or to a given location, obtaining traffic information, and receiving location-based coupons at the mobile device.
US07747678B2
The invention provides a system and method for providing pluggable pattern matching for servlets. This feature allows application servers that incorporate the invention to support non-J2EE pattern matching schemes in their http request resolution. The pluggable pattern matching feature is targeted primarily at customers who want to implement custom URL matching patterns. Since this feature is not J2EE compliant, some other form of configuration is necessary. In one embodiment an XML file (weblogic.xml) is used to configure the new pattern matching utilities. By modifying the settings in the weblogic.xml file, users are able to plug their own custom pattern matching utility classes into the weblogic server.
US07747641B2
The subject invention relates to systems and methods to extend the capabilities of declarative data modeling languages. In one aspect, a declarative data modeling language system is provided. The system includes a data modeling language component that generates one or more data mining models to extract predictive information from local or remote databases. A language extension component facilitates modeling capability in the data modeling language by providing a data sequence model or a time series model within the data modeling language to support various data mining applications.
US07747636B1
A real estate point of sale system puts optical indicia on a sign, and allows capturing the indicia, e.g., using the camera on a portable phone. Information from the picture is sent to a server, and used to retrieve and return information about the property.
US07747633B2
An incremental parser for hierarchical files is provided where the file can be parsed into a tree representation. Changes to the file can effectuate incremental changes to the tree such that the whole hierarchical file need not be reparsed; the incremental change modifies the necessary portions of the tree, not necessarily the entire tree. Moreover, the incremental parser can intelligently handle errors related to modification of the hierarchical file, such as unmatched tags corresponding to unmatched nodes in the tree. Such error handling provides operability with the malformed hierarchical file rather than providing an error and/or rejecting the file as modified.
US07747632B2
A user's prior searching and browsing activities are recorded for subsequent use. A user may examine the user's prior searching and browsing activities in a number of different ways, including indications of the user's prior activities related to advertisements. A set of search results may be modified in accordance with the user's historical activities. The user's activities may be examined to identify a set of preferred locations. The user's set of activities may be shared with one or more other users. The set of preferred locations presented to the user may be enhanced to include the preferred locations of one or more other users. A user's browsing activities may be monitored from one or more different client devices or client application. A user's browsing volume may be graphically displayed.
US07747631B1
A system, method, and computer program for establishing relevance of objects in an enterprise system is provided. One or more objects are assigned to content associated with an enterprise system. One or more query terms are received from a user. A preliminary relevance of the one or more objects is determined based on the query terms. Ratings are assigned to the one or more objects based on the preliminary relevance. An overall relevance of the one or more objects is established based on the ratings.
US07747619B2
The invention provides an improved algorithm for selecting paid advertisements for inclusion with search engine results or with any resource retrieved from the Internet. The algorithm collects personalized data of each user and feeds the collected personalized data into search queries of search engines, to retrieve paid advertisements. The advertisements are retrieved based not only on search keywords input by the user, but also based on personal preferences, interests and demographics of the user, as well as the location of the user and the time when the search is performed. In other words, the inventive technology enables each user to receive very targeted, localized and personalized advertising materials.
US07747618B2
A system for augmenting click-through data with latent information present in the click-through data for use in generating search results that are better tailored to the information needs of a user submitting a query is provided. The augmentation system creates a three-dimensional matrix with the dimensions of users, queries, and documents. The augmentation system then performs a three-order singular value decomposition of the three-dimensional matrix to generate a three-dimensional core singular value matrix and a left singular matrix for each dimension. The augmentation system finally multiplies the three-dimensional core singular value matrix by the left singular matrices to generate an augmented three-dimensional matrix that explicitly contains the information that was latent in the un-augmented three-dimensional matrix.
US07747615B2
The present invention is directed to a system for digital displaying images of various colors and appearances of an article and the use thereof. The invention is particularly directed to a system for displaying images for selecting one or more matching formulas to match color and appearance of an article. The invention is even further directed to a system for displaying images for selecting one or more matching formulas to match color and appearance of a target coating of a vehicle.
US07747601B2
Linguistic analysis is used to identify queries that use different natural language formations to request similar information. Common intent categories are identified for the queries requesting similar information. Intent responses can then be provided that are associated with the identified intent categories. An intent management tool can be used for identifying new intent categories, identifying obsolete intent categories, or refining existing intent categories.
US07747598B2
A method for performing a location search includes receiving a location search query, determining key words corresponding to the location search query, identifying one or more documents that correspond to the key words in the location search query, and providing to a client system information identifying at least one location corresponding to the one or more documents.
US07747588B2
Methods, apparatus, and computer-readable media including computer-readable components for the localization of data included in software programs are described. The computer-readable components comprise data elements defined by a software data schema; a property repository data element for storing a plurality of data properties about the data elements; and an owned comment data element comprising information about the localization of the data included in software programs and an owner with permission to create, access, and manipulate the owned comment data element.
US07747585B2
A multiprocessing uncompression mechanism takes advantage of existing multiprocessing capability within a database to perform dynamic uncompression of portions of a partially compressed database table that satisfy a query using processes that may be executed in parallel. Historical information is gathered for each query. Uncompression advice includes user-specified parameters that determine how the multiprocessing uncompression mechanism functions. The multiprocessing uncompression mechanism processes the historical information and uncompression advice to determine an appropriate task count for performing uncompression in parallel processes. The existing multiprocessing capability within the database then processes the tasks that perform the uncompression in parallel.
US07747583B2
A method by which a disk-based distributed data storage system is organized for protecting historical records of stored data entities. The method comprises recording distinct states of an entity, corresponding to different moments of time, as separate entity versions coexisting within the distributed data storage system, and assigning expiration times to the entity versions independently within each of a plurality of storage sites according to a shared set of rules, before which times deletion is prohibited.
US07747567B2
The subject disclosure pertains to separation of conflict resolution from a synchronization system or methodology. Upon detection of a synchronization conflict, a request can be generated by a synchronization component and transmitted to a conflict resolution component that is independent and detached from one or more synchronization components. The conflict resolution component resolves the conflict, generates a resolution response, and transmits the responses back to the requesting synchronization component for implementation, among other things.
US07747566B2
A method of synchronizing at least one database including first data records of a portable electronic device with at least one other database including second data records. The method includes receiving information representative of the first data records and comparing the information representative of the first data records with information representative of the second data records to determine if changes made to either the first data records or the second data records are not reflected in the other of the first and second data records. If changes made to the second data records are not reflected in the first data records, only partial content of ones of changed second data records is transmitted to the portable electronic device. The partial content includes key fields of data sufficient to uniquely identify the ones of the changed second data records in which the key fields of data are contained. After transmitting only partial content of the ones of changed second data records to the portable electronic device, full content of the ones of changed second data records for which only partial content has been transmitted, is transmitted until either full content of each of the ones of the changed second data records is transmitted or a low memory condition is determined at the portable electronic device.
US07747551B2
Systems and methods for enhancing the accuracy of classifying a measurement by providing an artificial class. Seizure prediction systems may employ a classification system including an artificial class and a user interface for signaling uncertainty in classification when a measurement is classified in the artificial class.
US07747550B2
A system for designing a free form reflector includes a user input interface (1), a free form reflector design unit (2), and a free form reflector output unit (3). The user input interface is configured for receiving various data associated with a desired free form reflector, via an input device. The free form reflector design unit is installed in a computer and configured for generating an optimum free form surface according to the input data by performing a non-uniform rational basis splines (NURBS) algorithm, a merit evaluation function, and a differential evolution (DE) algorithm. The free form reflector output module is configured for generating a free form reflector according to the optimum free form surface and outputting the free form reflector, in the form of a computer-aided design (CAD) drawing, to a display and/or a printer. A related method is also disclosed.
US07747546B2
An information register stores information represented by the states of endohedral fullerenes in a nanotube. Possible states are spin-states or morphological states, such as endohedral species having intrinsic or induced electric dipole moment or characteristic electric polarizility. The states of successive endohedral fullerenes along the nanotube are coupled by interaction mediated by electrons in the nanotube. The register can be used as part of a quantum computer or a classical computer.
US07747542B2
A method is provided for determining employer compliance in determining employment eligibility requirements in accordance with federal immigration regulations. Compliance alerts and compliance tips are displayed for guiding employers in verifying employment eligibility. Completed employment eligibility forms are automatically audited to analyze whether the employer has accurately completed the employment verification. The completed forms are audited by applying various compliance rules to a completed employment eligibility form, presently a Form I-9, to determine compliance with the applicable regulations. A listing is provided of various errors and additional data required to complete the audited form. The method is preferably administered by a single service provider for multiple employers, to assure that changes in the applicable regulations are regularly incorporated. A central system is provided for managing all of the employment eligibility forms associated with particular employers, to assure continued compliance with federal regulations.
US07747541B2
An apparatus is provided for validating a device. The apparatus includes a first integrated circuit which is configured to generate a random number, reference information using the random number and a secret key. A control system is configured to: receive the random number and the reference information from the first integrated circuit, receive validation information from a second integrated circuit positioned on the device whereby the validation information is generated by the second integrated circuit using the random number and the secret key, and compare the reference and validation information received from the integrated circuits to validate the device.
US07747533B2
A plurality of digital licenses correspond to a piece of content, including a base license and at least one add-on license. Each add-on license includes a reference to the base license, and each of the base license and each add-on license sets forth rules specifying how the content may be employed. Each add-on license is identified by way of the reference therein to the base license, and the rules in the base license and in each identified add-on license are aggregated into an aggregated set of rules that is evaluated to determine if such aggregated set of rules allows employing the content in a particular manner.
US07747530B2
A device is provided that includes a monetary instrument having a surface, and a magnetic ink character recognition (MICR) line coupled to that surface. The MICR line includes an ABA number, a customer account number, and a one-way hash value. The one-way hash value is output from a hashing process using input including the ABA number, the customer account number, together with a personal identification code and a key that are not included on the MICR line. A method is also provided that authenticates a monetary instrument by comparing a computed one-way hash value with a one-way hash value that is located in the MICR line of the monetary instrument. At the point-of-sale, the MICR line data is scanned and the personal identification code obtained from the customer. The scanned data and the personal identification code are transmitted to a check verifier that provides a check verification status.
US07747525B2
The present invention provides systems and methods for customizing fixed rate and variable rate mortgages. In some cases, the methods include accessing mortgage information and identifying at least a first characteristic of the mortgage to be modified. In addition, a first funds transfer is authorized to facilitate modification of the first characteristic. The mortgage is also monitored and changes in any relevant characteristics are identified. Where changes in a second relevant characteristic is detected, a second funds transfer is authorized to facilitate modification of the first characteristic to compensate for the change in the second characteristic.
US07747524B2
A discount debit card is with a merchant's point of sale terminal to register a transaction and send data identifying the transaction, merchant, and the eCard holder to a discount debit plan provider's terminal. Authorization to complete the transaction is sent to the merchant's terminal while the plan provider's terminal manages the cash flow of the merchant discounted transaction amount to the merchant's account, the debit of the eCard holder account for the holder's discounted purchase amount and distribution of the difference between the merchant discounted amount and the eCard holder discounted amount to the plan provider or its affiliates.
US07747518B2
Apparatus (method implemented with a machine, the machine, and the method for making the machine, and products produced thereby) for controlling a system of managing cash flows for a transaction, the apparatus including: data processing means arranged for receiving information into memory, said information including respective descriptions of risks, statistical assumptions for said risks, and financial assumptions for said risks, the data processing means further including: calculating means, responsive to said descriptions and said assumptions, for calculating expected cash flows corresponding to said risks for time periods; accounting means for determining, responsive to actual cash flow information from occurrence of events corresponding to said risks, for a first party to the transaction owing the expected cash flows to a second party to the transaction, and for determining, for the second party owing the actual cash flows to the first party, a net settlement, for each of said time periods, between the parties in the transaction, to manage the actual cash flows and the expected cash flows.
US07747516B2
In various embodiments, a data signal differentiates between real and test trading orders and a computer system processes the orders based on differing values.
US07747514B2
A computer implemented method includes determining a value for a tradable index share that tracks performance of an index. The tradable index share is backed by a fractional interest in a creation unit that includes a long call index option contract and a short put index options contract. The long call index options contract and the short index put options contract have the same initial strike price and the same expiration date.
US07747509B2
The price of a best bid is determined, and a proposed bid sweep liquidity replenishment price is determined by subtracting five cents from the price of the best bid. The proposed bid sweep liquidity replenishment price is incrementally decreased by 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4 cents until the proposed bid sweep liquidity replenishment price is divisible by 5 without any remainder. The bid sweep liquidity replenishment price is set equal to the proposed bid sweep liquidity replenishment price. In a similar fashion an offer sweep liquidity replenishment price is determined by adding five cents to the price of the best offer and incrementally increasing by 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4 cents until the offer sweep liquidity price is divisible by 5 without any remainder.
US07747501B1
A computer assisted method of developing a hedge position for a mortgage-backed security. The method includes calculating a duration of the security based on price histories of the security and changes in yield of a benchmark security and expressing periodic changes in price of the security. The method also includes calculating a relative coupon of the security and calculating a current coupon yield of the mortgage sector. The method further includes calculating an empirical duration of the security, calculating a hedge ratio for the security, and outputting a hedge position for the security based on the hedge ratio.
US07747500B2
Methods, systems, and computer programs that enable procurement risk to be efficiently and effectively managed and evaluated are described. In one aspect, inputs specifying one or more forward contracts in a sourcing portfolio for procuring a resource from one or more suppliers are received. Inputs specifying one or more aspects of a target sourcing strategy for procuring the resource also are received. A procurement risk evaluation report comparing the sourcing portfolio and the target sourcing strategy is presented.
US07747499B2
Embodiments of the present invention are directed to a financing structure for generating a source of contingent capital for a company. According to various embodiments, the company enters into a put option agreement with an entity, such as a trust. The put option agreement permits the company to put preferred stock of the company to the trust. The company also enters into a warrant agreement with the trust. The warrant agreement permits the trust to buy equity securities (such as common stock) of the company or a corporate entity related to the company (e.g., a holding company) from the company. The trust issues to investors bifurcated convertible instruments. The instruments include a fixed income instrument and a warrant to purchase equity securities of the related corporate entity (e.g., the holding company). With the proceeds from the offering, the trust purchases eligible assets, such as low risk government securities which pay fixed or floating periodic interest or dividend payments. The interest rate or dividend rate on the fixed income instrument issued by the trust may match the yield on the eligible assets. The operating company's ability to put its preferred stock to the trust in exchange for the put option strike price payment provides the operating company and/or the holding company with the source of contingent (or soft) capital.
US07747490B2
A database is created for accounting purposes, which can be used to prepare financial statements according to various statutory accounting principles. According to one method, document data records are saved from posting documents to a document database. The document data records include a document header and a data part. The data part includes entries for at least two items each of which comprises a posting amount and an account assigned thereto. Calculation of totals from one or more posting amounts of the document data records are saved for the accounts assigned thereto. The totals are saved to totals entries of a totals table.
US07747488B2
Systems, methods, apparatus, computer program code and means for conducting a transaction are provided. In some embodiments, a unit is issued to a holder including a forward contract and a note, in which the note specifies an initial capped remarketing, at least a first subsequent capped remarketing, and an uncapped remarketing, the uncapped remarketing performed only if each of the capped remarketings fail.
US07747484B2
Automated tax return preparation is provided using a relationship-based interview process coupled with universal data import. Information is collected through a process called the interview, during which a taxpayer is asked various questions about her background and relationships with financial institutions. The taxpayer provides to the tax planning software a list of financial institutions with which the taxpayer has a relationship, and the tax software retrieves tax data directly from the financial institutions. The combination of the interview, universal data import, and existing stored data enables an automated tax return system to prepare tax returns in advance with minimal user assistance.
US07747483B1
A system and method for creating a build set and a BOM from user-selected options from a single master source model.
US07747481B2
A system (10) for managing a capacity extreme at a first entity (12) in a supply chain includes a planning application (36) that receives status data for at least the first entity (12) reflecting the capacity extreme at the first entity (12) and generates a plan (34) according to the status data. A manager application (44) receives the plan (34) and, according to the plan (34), automatically initiates at least one service in an attempt to resolve at least a portion of the capacity extreme through interaction with one or more other entities (12). The manager application (44) selects the service from among a plurality of available services based on a monetary value to the first entity (12) of a resolution expected to be available using the selected service relative to other services.
US07747479B2
A device for managing inventory, such as tools and equipment, includes a user interface in operable communication with a processor and a storage medium; a transceiver in operable communication with an antenna and the processor, the transceiver operable for communicating with a tool or a piece of equipment; and a notification device in operable communication with the processor. The processor determines if the tool or the piece of equipment is within a specified range of the device for managing tool and equipment inventory.
US07747476B2
An improved processing system for tracking commerce on the Internet provides for subvariable processing and includes web page scanning to discern fraud or improper content to insure proper promotion of select products within the network environment.
US07747475B1
This disclosure pertains to techniques for intelligent selection of a currency preference for a user and conversion of monetary values to the preferred currency for transactions entered into by the user. The conversion is performed using a firm exchange rate that is derived from a market exchange rate, but guaranteed for a period of time during which the transaction is anticipated to be completed.
US07747472B2
A hidden image game piece and a method by which a hidden image game piece is produced. A first pattern of colored ink is deposited on a transparent or highly translucent substrate at 110-180 density, forming the image which is to be hidden. Then a second pattern of colored ink, of a different color than first pattern's ink, is deposited upon the substrate on top of the first pattern, at 90-170 density. When the game piece is flooded with additive light of the same color as the second pattern's ink, the previously concealed image, composed of the first pattern's ink, becomes perceptible. Because a transparent or highly translucent substrate is used for the game piece, and because the density of the ink application is controlled within specific ranges, this game piece may be used with a computer monitor, or with other low-intensity sources of additive light.
US07747471B1
A method and system for providing multiple real-time pricing quotes based on optional consumer variables is disclosed. A user accesses a web site and is provided with a web page enabling the user to choose a product with multiple optional features. Upon selection of the product and desired features, the user is provided with pricing information for the selected products and features and provided with the option to modify the product be selecting different features. Upon selection of the modification, the user is provided with a web page simultaneously displaying the original selection and associated feature prices and the modification and associated feature prices.
US07747466B2
The invention relates to a process for distributing files, having the steps of receiving at least one digital file, transmitting the digital file to a location, and selecting at least one content provider. The process also has the steps of updating a content of the content provider to provide a reference to the digital file at the location, generating an updated digital file by adding information which identifies the content provider to the digital file when the reference to the digital file is selected at the content provider, and transmitting at least a portion of the at least one updated digital file to a client network.
US07747465B2
The method and system of the present invention enables Internet businesses to conduct real-time, online experiments on a sample of transactions to determine marketplace sensitivities. Analysis of the results of the experiments reveal optimal values of key market decision variables such as price, content of banner ads, promotion levels, quantity discount schemes, etc. The experiments may be automatically conducted on an on-going basis, or may be conducted on a periodic basis. The method and system of the present invention preferably allow users to modify the nature of the experiment and the propagation of optimal values. The method and system of the current invention can be used for a pure diagnostic purpose or to automate the setting of key market variables.The dynamic experimentation used by the inventive system reveals the relative stability (or instability) of the networked market within which the business operates. The translation of an optimal value for a key variable (for example, content of a banner ad) to the entire market can be done on a real-time basis.
US07747463B1
A method of issuing a purchase card is provided. The method includes the steps of presenting a purchaser with the opportunity to buy the purchase card, determining whether the purchaser has sufficient funds to pay for the purchase card, creating a purchase card account for a recipient designated by the purchaser, and issuing the purchase card. The purchase card may also be issued in connection with another credit card, for example as a rebate for purchases on the credit card. The purchase card may also be converted to a credit card.
US07747462B2
A method and system for gathering and reporting data associated with a cardholder's use of a prepaid debit card is described. One embodiment receives primary personal data associated with the cardholder in connection with the issuance to the cardholder of the prepaid debit card; causes a financial institution to issue the prepaid debit card; causes a card fulfillment process to be performed; causes the prepaid debit card loaded with a predetermined monetary value to be distributed to the cardholder; receives secondary personal data associated with the cardholder; processes one or more transactions initiated by the cardholder with the prepaid debit card; correlates, in a computerized data processing system, the primary and secondary personal data with transactional data associated with the one or more transactions to generate correlated data; and grants an authorized entity access to at least a portion of the correlated data on an aggregated and non-personally-identifiable basis.
US07747455B2
Partner protection insurance provides coverage for an innocent spouse in the event that a defendant has to pay damages uninsured by a liability insurance policy to a plaintiff due to a judgment in a lawsuit brought by the plaintiff against the defendant. The innocent partner is in a partnership with the defendant. Partner protection insurance covers the joint assets of the partnership that are assignable to the innocent partner in the event of the dissolution of said partnership. The partnership may be a marriage.
US07747454B2
A system for managing a prescribed drug regimen for a user, the system including at least one electronic device (Pod) for interactive communication with at least one user, a Pod server coupled via a communication link to each Pod, said Pod server including an analysis unit, the analysis unit including a database of drug characteristics, and a processor for comparing sensed characteristics of a drug in one of the Pods with characteristics in the drug characteristics database, so as to identify the drug, and to provide to the Pod an indication of compatibility of the drug with the drug regimen.
US07747452B1
A method and apparatus for improvement of computer-related products to solve problems caused by artificially embedded locks, barriers, defects, and the like, that force a consumer to needlessly upgrade hardware or software on a computer. An independent developer may procure access to a product, develop a testing regimen for functionality of the product, and perform evaluations to identify sources of any operational defects found. Accordingly, the developer may then provide a generalized testing regimen to test instances of product provided by a supplier, identify those containing the flaw, and may optionally provide a solution to the flaw, where practicable. The independent developer may obtain intellectual property rights in the testing, solution or both for the product. Thus, by notifying a supplier, an independent developer may become a supplier of testing or solution systems, motivating a supplier by one of several mechanisms. The developer may obtain a legal status with respect to the supplier by becoming a customer or user, in order to provide motivation to a recalcitrant supplier not designed to take responsibility for defects known and continued in marketed products.
US07747447B2
A bi-phase decoder suitable for use in a broadcast router and an associated method for extracting subframes of digital audio data from a stream of digital audio data. Logical circuitry within the bi-phase decoder extracts subframes of the digital audio data by constructing a transition window from an estimated bit time, sampling the stream of digital audio data using a fast clock and applying the sampled stream of digital audio data to the transition window to identify transitions indicative of preambles of the subframes of digital audio data.
US07747445B2
The present invention discloses a method for a voice-enabled computing environment. The method includes a step of receiving a series of voice commands related to an abstraction, wherein the voice command specifies an abstraction type. The method further includes responding to the voice command to replay the commands, executing at least one programmatic action related to the abstraction, where the programmatic action is executed demonstrating characteristics specific to the abstraction type associated with the voice command. The present method applies, but is not limited to, the execution of collections of commands that may have diverging timing characteristics.
US07747430B2
The invention relates to an encoder (200) comprising an input (201) for inputting frames of an audio signal, a LTP analysis block (209) for performing a LTP analysis of the frames of the audio signal to form LTP parameters on the basis of the properties of the audio signal, and at least a first excitation block (206) for performing a first excitation for frames of the audio signal, and a second excitation block (207) for performing a second excitation for frames of the audio signal. The encoder (200) further comprises a parameter analysis block (202) for analysing said LTP parameters, and an excitation selection block (203) for selecting one excitation block among said first excitation block (206) and said second excitation block (207) for performing the excitation for the frames of the audio signal on the basis of the parameter analysis. The invention also relates to a device, a system, a method, a module and a computer program product.
US07747386B2
A collision detection sensor for detecting a collision of a vehicle and a collision object by converting the collision into a change in optical transmission characteristics of an optical fiber. The collision detection sensor has the optical fiber, a molding material formed on the periphery of the optical fiber, and a convex portion formed on the surface of the molding material.
US07747376B2
A method for monitoring a control circuit of an actuating device with at least one actuator including an actuated part and an electric member controlling movement of the actuated part, the control circuit including a bridge, the controlling electric member being connected in the bridge. The method includes: powering the bridge, producing at least one measurement signal representing the position of the actuated part, and selectively interrupting conduction in at least one branch of the bridge in accordance with the measurement signal to maintain the measurement signal substantially in an operating zone defined between a low threshold and a high threshold during a phase activating the controlling electric member. Conduction is interrupted in at least one branch to place the controlling electrical member in short-circuit via two branches of the bridge when the measurement signal reaches at least one specific threshold above the low threshold.
US07747363B1
A method and apparatus for optimizing the torque of the electric motor of an electric vehicle is provided, the torque adjustments taking into account wheel slip as well as other vehicular operating conditions.
US07747362B2
A system for computing car switching solutions in a railway switch yard. The system is computer based and has an input for receiving data conveying information about one or more arrival trains arriving at the switch yard and data conveying information about departure trains to depart the switch yard. A processing entity processes the data and computes car switching solutions for the railcars.
US07747357B2
A system provides for secure communication between an electrical utility company and an electricity customer, such that the customer is able to shed one or more loads in response to a load shed command from the utility company. A system server of the customer periodically connects to a utility server of the utility company using a standard computer protocol, such as Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP). The system server sends a request message via the Internet to the utility server. The request message provides data on the total possible load, the present power consumption, and the present load shed state of the electricity customer. The utility server receives the request message and responds to the request message by transmitting to the system server a response message, which includes a load shed command.
US07747356B2
A method and system for monitoring and controlling a power distribution system is provided. The system includes a plurality of circuit breakers and a plurality of node electronic units. Each node electronic unit is mounted remotely from an associated circuit breaker that is electrically coupled with one of the node electronic units. The system also includes a first digital network, and a first central control unit. The first central control unit and the plurality of node electronic units are communicatively coupled to the first digital network. The method includes receiving digital signals from each node electronic unit at the central control unit, determining an operational state of the power distribution system from the digital signal, and transmitting digital signals to the plurality of node electronic units such that the circuit breakers are operable from the first central control unit.
US07747353B2
A method of setting control data by an active vibration isolation control system includes the steps of selecting, when a frequency of a pulse signal actually detected is superior to a predetermined frequency, appropriate control data selected from among predetermined data maps incorporating control data capable of securing, in accordance with various vehicle driving conditions respectively, a control condition in which operation of the vibrator is preferably controlled, calculating a deviation between the appropriate control data commensurate with the actual vehicle driving condition at the time of controlling and actually detected data representing vibration subjected to a vehicle specific position, the actually detected data obtained in terms of a same physics amount as a physics amount of the control data, and modifying the appropriate control data on the basis of the calculated deviation.
US07747352B2
A “construction set” consisting of active and passive parts connected by joints that can be manipulated to form an movable articulated assembly representing things like animals and skeletons. Each active part includes a position sensor for acquiring and storing position data specifying a sequence of positions assumed by the active part as the assembly is reshaped, and a controllable drive motor for moving the active part relative to a connected part in accordance with the position data.
US07747341B2
Producing a three-dimensional multi-material component whereby successive layers of at least one material are printed by a drop ink-jet-type printer including cutting a representation of the multi-material component into remarkable objects; cutting the representation of the component into print layers, as a function of the remarkable objects; for each print layer, establishing a plurality of discrete spatial print path trajectories; for each print layer and for each discrete spatial trajectory, establishing an assembly of printing parameters which are dependent on the nature of the deposited materials and the deposition conditions thereof; and establishing a rule for the spatial and temporal sequencing of the print path of the print layers and of the discrete spatial trajectories as a function of the objects, the relative three-dimensional arrangement thereof and the characteristics of the printing device.
US07747335B2
Methods and apparatus for implanting a medical device within a living body. The apparatus includes an elongate sleeve positionable with a living body, such as within a blood vessel, and a medical device insertable into the sleeve. During use, the sleeve is retained within the body, and the medical device is sealed within the sleeve. The sleeve substantially avoids biological growth onto the medical device, and thus permits removal of the medical device independently of the sleeve.
US07747328B2
A method of treating a wound comprising the steps of placing a pair of electrodes placed spaced apart in the region of a wound and applying a predetermined sequence of current waveforms across the electrodes. The sequence of current waveforms comprises a first waveform comprising a series of current pulses having an amplitude in a range of from 80 to 300 μA, having a frequency in a range from 0.5 to 1.5 pulses per second and a pulse width in a range from 333 to 1000 ms, a second waveform comprising a series of current pulses having an amplitude in a range of from 20 to 60 μA, having a frequency in a range from 2 to 4 pulses per second and a pulse width in a range from 125 to 250 ms and a third waveform comprising a series of current pulses having an amplitude in a range of from 250 to 640 μA, having a frequency in a range of from 80 to 120 pulses per second and a pulse width in a range from 4 to 6 ms.
US07747327B2
A device for attaching at least three electrodes to a subject for stimulating abdominal muscles of the subject, comprising an attachment mechanism for extending around the torso of the subject and a main locating element provided on the attachment mechanism for locating a central electrode of the at least three electrodes adjacent the umbilicus of the subject. Two secondary locating elements are also provided on the attachment mechanism disposed on respective opposite sides of the main locating element for locating two corresponding side electrodes of the at least three electrodes spaced apart from the central electrode. Application of at least one pulsed signal to the subject through the respective central and side electrodes stimulates the abdominal muscles of the subject.
US07747323B2
An approach to providing disordered breathing therapy includes delivering electrical stimulation therapy modifying a patient's baroreflex response. Disordered breathing therapy may be delivered in response to prediction or detection of disordered breathing events. Various conditions affecting the patient may be evaluated and the baroreflex therapy modified. The therapy may be modified to improve therapy efficacy, to reduce an impact to the patient and/or to mitigate therapy interactions.
US07747311B2
A combination of a haptic device and a computer-assisted medical system is used for interactive haptic positioning of a medical device coupled to the haptic device. A reconfigurable haptic object facilitates the positioning of the medical device and/or the haptic device. The haptic object may be modified in response to application of a force against the haptic object by a user of the haptic device pushing the haptic device against the haptic object. Preferably, the haptic object moves in the direction of the force applied by the haptic device. The medical device may be guided to a desired pose relative to a target area from its current position. The user may approach the target area from its current position and still be provided with haptic cues to enable the user to guide the medical device to the target area.
US07747309B2
The present invention is a method and apparatus for providing preferential enhancement of an artery of interest relative to adjacent veins and background tissue. The method and apparatus adapts the timing of a maximum or substantially elevated rate of infusion to correlate with the collection of image data corresponding to the center of k-space. The technique and apparatus temporally correlates the timing of a maximum or substantially elevated rate of infusion and the mapping of k-space according to the location of the artery of interest, the size of the artery of interest, the physical condition of the patient, the time delay due to the configuration of the contrast agent delivery system, and/or the type of pulse sequence employed by the imaging apparatus. Adapting the timing of a maximum or substantially elevated rate of infusion to correlate with the collection of image data corresponding to the center of k-space provides a period of a maximum or substantially elevated contrast concentration in the artery of interest relative to adjacent veins during collection of at least a portion of the image data corresponding to the center of k-space.
US07747305B2
The present invention is directed to a computer aided design method for producing an implant for a patient prior to operation comprising the steps of: generating data with a non-invasive 3D (3-dimensional) scan of the patient's defect site that digitally represents the area that will receive the implant; designing and validating an implant on a computer based on digital data generated from a volume image of the patient; and fabricating the implant based solely on the implant design data generated on computer.
US07747296B2
A plurality of operation portions are arranged at a surface on a sub-display side of a cellular phone with a camera so that various kinds of setting, selection and control can be performed without opening the cellular phone in its folded state, and the cellular phone can achieve improved operability and convenience. Cellular phone includes a first display portion at a surface of a first body opposed to a second body in the folded state, and includes a second display portion, an image taking portion and a plurality of operation portions arranged at a rear surface of the first body remote from the first display portion.
US07747292B2
Techniques to perform adaptive interference cancellation are described. A first apparatus may include a timing recovery module to produce a timing recovery command signal, an interference canceller to receive an interference reference signal and produce an interference canceller signal, and an interpolator to couple to the timing recovery module and the interference canceller, the interpolator to receive the timing recovery command signal and the interference canceller signal and produce an interpolated interference canceller signal. A second apparatus may include a time-domain interference canceller to receive an interference reference signal and produce a time-domain interference canceller signal and a frequency-domain interference canceller to receive the interference reference signal and produce a frequency-domain interference canceller signal. Other embodiments are described and claimed.
US07747287B2
A mobile telephone using the LCD for the display thereof wherein the address data bus connected to the CPU comprises two separate data buses; the one exclusively provided for the LCD, and the other one for the parts other than the LCD, and in the case of accesses other than access to the LCD, the LCD exclusive address data bus is not actuated.
US07747283B2
Techniques for synchronization of stored service parameters are disclosed. In one aspect, a configuration identifier is transmitted from a mobile station to a base station, and compared with an identifier generated in the base station. If the identifiers match, the configuration is used for communication. In another aspect, the identifier is generated by selecting an identifier associated with a configuration from a configuration table. In yet another aspect, the identifier is generated by computing a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) of the configuration. Various other aspects are also presented. These aspects have the benefit of preventing attempted use of unsynchronized stored service parameters and associated call setup failures and subsequent renegotiation, with the net effect of reducing call setup time and more efficient use of system resources.
US07747279B2
Methods and apparatus for interface negotiation using a device supporting multiple communication interfaces. In one implementation, a wireless device includes: a wireless communication interface supporting communication across a wireless connection; and a controller connected to said wireless interface supporting a negotiation service and a communication service; wherein said negotiation service provides interface negotiation for using said wireless interface to negotiate with another device to select a communication interface for communication with said another device, and said communication service provides control and management of communication with said another device across a connection established using said negotiation service.
US07747277B1
A system and method for redirecting incoming calls is disclosed. When the status of a wireless or mobile phone meets a predetermined condition or set of conditions, the LNP database is updated to redirect an incoming call to a phone number, such that the incoming call is redirected to the wireless or mobile phone.
US07747276B2
When the user of the mobile communication terminal produces the originating operation while in the idle state with the wireless system C, the control section acquires the input of the user of the mobile communication terminal via the key input section (step 302) and acquires, through the present position acquisition section, area identification data of an area L where it is placed in the idle state (step 304). The control section makes a reference to the table of connection scores held in the storage section and acquires a connection score p for the system A corresponding to the area L (step 306). Next, the control section judges the start of origination to the system A by using the connection score p (step 308).
US07747273B2
Asynchronous power management methods and systems for a first station and a second station in a wireless network. The second station dynamically tunes a SRI (Schedule Repetition Interval) value according to residual power status, quality-of-service requirements, or other considerations. The SRI value is an odd prime number. Once the SRI is determined, the second station sets the number and positions of ABIs (Awake Beacon Intervals)” within an SRI. An ABI-set defined as the positions of ABIs in an SRI forms a cyclic difference set comprising at least two consecutive BIs. The second station transmits a beacon frame within a beacon window. When the first station has recently received the beacon frame from the second station, the first station predicts the awake/sleep schedule of the second station, and transmits data frames to the second station at the ABI of the second station.
US07747267B2
Disclosed herein are apparatus, methods and computer program products for using access point availability information in a wireless communications system. In aspects of the method performed at an access point in a wireless communications system, the access point generates a message indicating the level of availability of the access point; and transmits the message. In aspects of the method performed at user equipment in a wireless communications system, the user equipment receives messages from access points in the wireless communications system, the messages containing access point availability information indicating the respective levels of availability of the access points available for selection by the user equipment; and selects an access point in dependence on the access point availability information. In variants, the user equipment may perform additional steps to determine whether a current or contemplated operating mode requires selection of an access point be made in dependence on access point availability information associated with the access point. Only if the current or contemplated operating mode provides a quality of service that is dependent on level of availability of an access point will the access point availability information be consulted when selecting an access point.
US07747260B2
A wireless communications device, network and method of wireless communications. The wireless device (e.g., a cell phone) allows users to respond to calls silently by selecting prompts. Each prompt is replaced with a recorded vocal response. The caller hears the recorded response.
US07747258B2
A network sends to a user equipment (UE) an indication (e.g., a request for permission) to perform a position fix for the UE. The network also selectively sends to the UE a pre-session command for an action related to position determination. For example, the command may direct the UE to (1) clear all or a portion of location-related data at the UE prior to performing the position fix, (2) send back a position estimate for the UE, if available, or (3) apply a time offset and/or a position offset in performing the position fix. The UE sends to the network an acknowledgment (e.g., a grant of permission) to perform the position fix. The UE also performs the action indicated by the command (if any) received from the network prior to or in conjunction with performing the position fix. The network and UE perform the position fix for the UE.
US07747256B2
A method and apparatus for reducing data congestion in a cell having signal strength, the method having the steps of: assigning a congestion penalty at a mobile device to a cell; applying the congestion penalty to the signal strength to create a selection value; and performing cell reselection using the selection value.
US07747254B2
A management system and method for a wireless communication network and an associated interface is provided. The management system provides a structure of data layers and a visualization design to upgrade the efficiency of network management. The management system includes a data generation module and a display module. The data module generates a plurality of data layers, which comprise at least a map layer, a network configuration layer, and an operation index layer. The network configuration layer comprises a configuration of the wireless communication network on the map layer. The operation index layer includes statistic values of an operation index of the wireless communication network under the configuration. The display module performs an overlap display of a plurality of selected layers from the data layers to show operation status of the wireless communication network.
US07747243B2
A method and apparatus for reducing the vulnerability of the telecommunications system to unauthorized use that is easy to implement and that can reduce the instances of unauthorized access even during periods when telecommunications personnel are not able to give attention to the traffic on the system. The telecommunications system collects statistics of each user's pattern of telecommunications usage. Typically, these statistics will be in the form of, say, the average number of calls per day or the average number of calls per day on given days of the week. It may also include the mean busy hour for the given days of the week. Moreover, daily averages may be taken not only for all calls but also for all calls of a particular type, e.g., of all international calls. These statistics are taken for a reference period, such as the preceding thirty days, and the corresponding quantity for the current day is also computed. If the current statistics are not excessive as compared with the reference statistics, then access to a communications resource—e.g., an outgoing trunk line—is granted to the call without any supplemental access restrictions. But if a predetermined deviation is detected between the current statistics and the reference statistics, then a supplemental restriction is placed upon the call.
US07747241B1
A billing system comprising servers, routers, and processors programmed to provide reservation based prepaid billing is disclosed. The billing system is also programmed to concurrently process multiple billing events on a single, prepaid subscriber account.
US07747240B1
In a communications network, use of network resources is measured locally at customer terminals, for example by counting the number of packets sent and received. The resulting data may be aggregated and sent to a network accounting object. Accounting data may subsequently be passed between network subdomains.
US07747231B2
A system and method for transmitting a signal in a communication system are provided. In the signal transmitting method, a multi-FA signal is generated by combining single FA signals to be transmitted by N FAs. An operation mode is determined for N MMPAs according to a used FA strategy and adjustment of amplification characteristics of the N MMPAs is controlled according to the operation mode. The power of the multi-FA signal is divided by N, the N divided signals are amplified according to the adjusted amplification characteristics, and the power of the amplified N signals is combined.
US07747226B2
Portable electronic devices including multi-mode matching circuits and methods of operating the same
Portable electronic devices are provided including a housing, an antenna associated with the housing and a multi-mode matching circuit operatively associated with the antenna. The multi-mode matching circuit is configured to operate in a first mode when the housing of the portable electronic device is in a first configuration and in a second mode when the housing of the portable electronic device is in a second configuration. Related methods of operating portable electronic devices including multi-mode matching circuits are also discussed.
US07747225B2
A subscriber unit (104) with multiple receive antennas (160, 162) and a single transmit antenna (160) derives beamforming weights to be used at a base station (102) with multiple transmitting antennas (602, 604, 606, and 608). The downlink beamforming weights are derived at the subscriber unit (104) from a prior downlink transmission from the base station (102) to the subscriber device (104) and an uplink sounding signal is used to carry derived downlink beam forming weights to the base station (102). Downlink antenna specific pilots (without weight) are used at the subscriber device (104) to determine the beamforming weights. Decimated sounding signals, where the number of sounding subcarriers is at least the same as the number of antennas at the base station (102), allow multiple users to sound at the same time.
US07747224B2
A signal processing system according to various aspects of the present invention includes an excursion signal generator, a scaling system and a filter system. The excursion signal generator identifies a peak portion of a signal that exceeds a threshold and generates a corresponding excursion signal. The scaling system applies a real scale factor to contiguous sets of excursion samples in order to optimize peak-reduction performance. The filter system filters the excursion signal to remove unwanted frequency components from the excursion signal. The filtered excursion signal may then be subtracted from a delayed version of the original signal to reduce the peak. The signal processing system may also control power consumption by adjusting the threshold. The signal processing system may additionally adjust the scale of the excursion signal and/or individual channel signals, such as to meet constraints on channel noise and output spectrum, or to optimize peak reduction. The magnitude threshold, excursion signal and/or individual channel signals may also be adaptively adjusted based on, for example, a channel signal quality such as a noise level specification.
US07747214B2
A mobile terminal for receiving terrestrial digital broadcasting data and a method thereof are provided. A digital broadcasting receiver receives digital broadcasting data corresponding to a frequency in response to a request for digital broadcasting corresponding to the frequency. A demodulator separates a main service channel (MSC) containing broadcasting data for subchannels and a fast information channel (FIC) providing information about the MSC from the digital broadcasting data. A multimedia portion reads and outputs the FIC, and outputs broadcasting data of a subchannel according to a predetermined control signal. A controller acquires analysis information by analyzing the FIC and configures a user interface menu for the subchannels of the MSC using the analysis information.
US07747208B2
A cover structure for a scan device comprises a cover mounted on a housing of the scan device and an angle-positioning mechanism disposed between the housing and the cover. The cover includes a first cover portion and a second cover portion. The angle-positioning mechanism includes at least a first locating device and a second locating device. When the first cover portion and second cover portion are lifted, the first locating device will produce an interference action to position the first cover portion at a desired opening angle, and the second locating device also will produce an interference action to position the second cover portion at a desired opening angle.
US07747199B2
A developer material container includes a holding body, a shutter member movably, an operation member, and coupling member. The holding body holds developer therein and includes a developer outlet. The shutter member movably is assembled to the holding body. The shutter member is movable either to an opening position where the shutter member opens the developer outlet or to a closing position where the shutter member closes the developer outlet. The operation member is operated to move the shutter to either the opening position or to the closing position. Depending on the orientation of the discharging opening, an enabling-and-disabling member allows or does not allow the operation member to move the shutter relative to the holding body.
US07747197B2
An electrophotographic image forming apparatus, including a photoreceptor, a charger charging the surface of the photoreceptor, an irradiator irradiating the surface of the photoreceptor with imagewise light to form an electrostatic latent image thereon, an image developer developing the electrostatic latent image with a developer including a toner to form a toner image on the surface of the photoreceptor, and a transferer transferring the toner image onto a transfer material, wherein the photoreceptor includes an electroconductive substrate, and a photosensitive layer overlying the electroconductive substrate and including a charge generation material and a specific charge transport material.
US07747196B2
An image forming apparatus includes: an image forming apparatus main body that includes an image forming unit and a sheet conveyance unit; a unit that is at least a part of the image forming unit or the sheet conveyance unit and is openably/closably provided with respect to the image forming apparatus main body; an open-close cover that is openably/closably provided with respect to the image forming apparatus main body; a connection unit that connects the unit to the open-close cover; a connection release unit that releases connection between the unit and the open-close cover by the connection unit; a pressing unit that presses the unit in a closing direction with respect to the image forming apparatus main body; and a prohibition unit that prohibits release of connection by the connection release unit.
US07747192B2
An image forming apparatus is provided which can be switched between states in which a developing roller is attached to an image carrier body by applying a pressing force to a developing cartridge and a state in which the developing roller can be released from attachment from the image carrier body. When an operation part of a toner cartridge is arranged at an installation position a pressing force can be applied to a developing cartridge by protruding parts fitting with spring parts, and a developing roller can be attached to a photoconductor drum by the applied pressure. When the operation part is arranged at a removal position, the fitting can be undone, causing the applied pressure to be released.
US07747190B2
An image forming device includes: a main body; a plurality of image forming units; a holding unit; and an engagement mechanism. Each of the plurality of image forming units has a developing portion. The holding unit holds the plurality of image forming units. The plurality of image forming units are aligned in the holding unit in a predetermined drawing direction. The holding unit is configured so as to be drawn out in the predetermined drawing direction from a storage position where the holding unit is stored in the main body. The holding unit sequentially reaches a plurality of different drawing positions while moving in the predetermined drawing direction. The plurality of image forming units are sequentially exposed to the outside while the holding unit sequentially reaches the plurality of drawing positions. The engagement mechanism is configured to engage the holding unit with the main body when the holding unit reaches each of the plurality of drawing positions.
US07747185B2
There is displayed, in a display section, a photocopy processing setting screen having a setting information display area to display information indicating various setting particulars of photocopy processing, a button display area to display various icons indicating the setting particulars of the photocopy processing, and a graphic to associate each setting particular displayed in the setting information display area with each icon to set the setting particular displayed in the setting information display area among the icons displayed in the button display area.
US07747184B2
The dielectric thickness of a photoreceptor is determined in a variety of ways, including using a relationship between threshold voltage and dielectric thickness, using a relationship between dielectric thickness and the difference between biased transfer roller (BTR) voltage and photoreceptor surface potential, using a relationship between dielectric thickness and biased charging roller (BCR) impedance, using a relationship between dielectric thickness and the slope of the DC current vs. voltage curve for the BTR or the BCR, and using a relationship between dielectric thickness and the BTR voltage at zero current. The threshold voltage can be found by using the slope of the BCR DC current vs. voltage curve, measuring photoreceptor surface potential for a plurality of target values below the charging knee to obtain the intercept value, or finding the actual value of the charging knee. A method of using the BCR as an electrodynamic voltmeter is also disclosed.
US07747180B2
A method for determining the number of printed pages remaining in a toner cartridge for an electrophotographic image forming device. A toner cartridge and electrophotographic image forming device for storing and/or performing aspects of the method is also provided.
US07747174B2
Multi-channel Fabry-Perot laser transmitters and methods of generating multiple modulated optical signals are described. In one aspect, an optical transmitter includes a Fabry-Perot (FP) laser, an optical isolator, an optical splitter, and multiple electroabsorption modulators (EAMs). The FP laser is operable to generate multimode laser light. The optical isolator is arranged to transmit the multimode laser light. The optical splitter has more than one optical output and an optical input that is arranged to receive the multimode laser light transmitted by the optical isolator. Each of the EAMs is operable to modulate a respective laser light output from a respective optical output of the optical splitter. In another aspect, multimode laser light is generated. The multimode laser light is directionally isolated. The directionally-isolated multimode laser light is divided into more than one divided laser light output. Each of the divided laser light outputs is modulated to produce multiple modulated optical signals.
US07747173B1
Embodiments of an integrated circuit are described. This integrated circuit includes a clock-generator circuit configured to provide a clock signal and an optical clock path coupled to the clock-generator circuit. Note that the optical clock path is configured to distribute optical signals corresponding to the clock signal. Furthermore, note that a given optical signal has a phase which is different than phases of the other optical signals.
US07747163B2
The present invention relates to an apparatus for photographing an experimental object or animal. The apparatus comprises: a two-dimensional image photographing device which includes a light source, a first optical filter wheel, a first motor, a beam splitter, a second motor, a first window, a second window, an optical zoom module, a second optical filter wheel, a fourth motor, a photographing means and a first enclosure; a three-dimensional image photographing device which includes a laser scanner, a test tube, a third motor, a test tube mounting stand and a second enclosure; and a control section for controlling the operations of the first motor, the second motor, the optical zoom module, the photographing means, the third motor and the fourth motor. The experimental object photographing apparatus includes the three-dimensional experimental object photographing device detachably mounted to the two-dimensional image photographing device so as to obtain two-and three-dimensional images of the experimental object. Since the three-dimensional image photographing device is coupled to the two-dimensional image photographing device only when it is desired to photograph the three-dimensional image, its installation and operation are easy and the two-and three-dimensional image photographing devices do not need to be purchased separately, thereby saving the cost.
US07747162B2
A pop-up module for an electronic device. The pop-up module includes a pop-up member, a base where the pop-up member is rotatably installed, a first elastic member, a projection unit disposed in the pop-up member, a moving member, a second elastic member, a first rotating lever unit, a operating unit including a movement portion and a driving portion, a second rotating lever unit including a contacting portion and a hanging portion, and a third elastic member.
US07747158B2
A photographing apparatus comprises: a photographing device which takes an image of a subject; a focusing control device which controls the focusing status of the photographing device in response to an input of a focusing instruction; a focusing judgment device which, upon an input of the photographing instruction after the input of the focusing instruction, judges whether or not a focus position at the time of the input of the focusing instruction is optimum; and a photographing control device which controls to execute photographing using the focus position as it is if the focus position at the time of the input of the focusing instruction is judged to be optimum, and controls to execute photographing after performing focusing control again if the focus position is judged to be not optimum.
US07747155B1
A zoom lens assembly for a miniature camera, such as those used in cellular telephones and other personal electronic devices, is disclosed. One or more lenses of the zoom lens assembly are moved in and/or out of the optical path of the zoom lens assembly to change the magnification of the lens. Since the magnification does not necessarily require movement of lenses along the optical path of the camera, the length of the zoom lens assembly, and consequently of the camera as well, is substantially reduced.
US07747143B2
A unique high performance digital video recorder having a number of novel features. The recorder's electronics are all on a unitary printed circuit board. The recorder also requires at least one hard disk drive and audio and video input analog signals (from a source such as video camera or broadcast media) as well as a suitable monitor for receiving output audio and video analog signals. A external time code generator (i.e., VITC digital clock) is also required for synchronization. Also required are various manual control devices (i.e., panel controls) for mode selection. The electronics of the preferred embodiment comprise A-to-D and D-to-A converters, a hard disk interface, a JPEG compression encoder/decoder, a multi-port DRAM and DMA subsystem, a microprocessor with RS-232 and RS-422 access ports, various working memory devices and bus interfaces and a 16-bit stereo digital audio subsystem. Novel features of the preferred embodiment include use of an index table for disk addresses of recorded frames, a multi-port memory controller in the form of a field programmable gate array (FPGA), loop recording using dual channels, and dynamic JPEG compression compensation.
US07747140B2
Access point pictures designated as randomly accessible positions are I pictures or P pictures. Information indicating the decoding sequence (I1, P1, B1, B2, B3, B4, P2, . . . ) of pictures functioning as access points and attribute information (picture_type) indicating whether a picture functions as an access point or is necessary for decoding of the access point following a given access point are recorded on the video information recording medium. Random access is possible even if the GOP interval is lengthened.
US07747136B2
A recordable and/or rewriteable recording medium for storing still picture data, and recording and/or reproducing method and apparatus therefor. The recording medium stores still picture group information for grouping a plurality of still pictures in order to manage the still picture at a group level, and stores audio group information for grouping additional audio data added to the still picture data after the still picture data are recorded. Therefore, large-capacity still picture data and additional audio data added thereto can be recorded using a minimum amount of management information. Further, during reproduction, data can be displayed and edited in units of the respective still pictures. Also, it is possible to cope with after-recording of the audio data.
US07747131B2
A recording medium, a method of creating a file of the recording medium, and a method and apparatus for reproducing the same are disclosed, wherein position change and transition of random playback points among title recorded within the recording medium can be easily performed, thereby providing an apparatus having more convenient title playback functions to the users. The method of creating a file of the recording medium includes forming a PlayList file including playback control information of a set of recorded data, forming an object file including an execute command of the PlayList file, and forming an index file including a set of Normal Title information designating a specific object within the object file, and a set of auxiliary Title information designating a random point of data being reproduced by the Normal Title information.
US07747128B2
A waveguide device includes a substrate and a first electrode, a first cladding layer, a waveguide, a second cladding layer, and a second electrode sequentially provided on the substrate. At least one of the first cladding layer, the waveguide, and second cladding layer includes a ligand compound which is capable of coordinating to a metal or metal ion.
US07747114B2
A monolithic optical transmitter photonic integrated circuit (TxPIC) comprises a plurality of integrated modulated sources which, when all operated at constant current, display a power output that varies as a function of array position similar to a quadratic-shaped curve and, further, forming an array of signal channels each having a different wavelength output. An optical combiner/decombiner is integrated in the circuit and has at least one free space region with a plurality of ordered bands along its edge where the zero order band is substantially at a longitudinal centerline of the free space region and where, on either side of this band, is a first order band followed by additional higher order bands. The ends of the output waveguides from the modulated sources are coupled approximate to the free space region edge along a region of the zero order band between one of the adjacent first order bands and a longitudinal centerline of the zero order band so that the inputs of the signal channels to the combiner of are titled or offset with respect to the longitudinal centerline of the combiner free space region so the combined outputs from the optical combiner will be aligned along the slope of the quadric-shaped curve of the combiner output passband envelope. The tilted combiner/decombiner may also be deployed in a receiver photonic integrated circuit (RxPIC) or other circuit employing such a device.
US07747106B2
An iterative approach to vector median filtering wherein the resulting median vector need not be a member of the original data set. The iterative vector median filtering allows for fast convergence for complex computations and an output which is approximate to the mean, particularly for small data sets.In addition, a method and system for registering and matching 2.5 normal maps is provided. Registration of two maps is performed by optimally aligning their normals through 2-D warping in the image plane in conjunction with a 3-D rotation of the normals. Once aligned, the average dot-product serves as a matching metric for automatic target recognition (ATR).
US07747103B2
An image matching system, program, and method are provided to match images with high precision. The system includes a low resolution transform unit for performing Hough transform on each of registered images and an input match image and generating transformed registered images and a transformed match image having a low resolution; a correlation value generation unit for performing correlation between each of the transformed registered images and the transformed match image; a match coverage determination unit for determining the registered images for match processing corresponding to the top predetermined number of transformed registered images having high correlation degrees based on results of the correlation processing; and a matching unit for performing match processing based on the transformed registered images and the transformed match image having a high resolution generated by performing Hough transform on each of the registered images for match processing and the match image.
US07747088B2
Two pairs of deblock instructions for performing deblock filtering on a horizontal row of pixels according to the H.264 (MPEG 4 part 10) and VC1 video codec algorithms. The first instruction of each pair has three 128-bit operands comprising the 16-bit components of a horizontal line of 8 pixels crossing a vertical block edge between pixels 4 and 5 in a YUV image, a series of filter threshold parameters, and a 128-bit destination operand for storing the output of the first instruction. The second instruction of each pair accepts the same 16-bit components as its first input, the output of the first instruction as its second input and a destination operand for storing an output of the second instruction as its third input. The instruction pairs are intended for use with the H.264 or VC1 video codecs respectively.
US07747085B2
Methods and apparatuses for still image compression, video compression and automatic target recognition are disclosed. The method of still image compression uses isomorphic singular manifold projection whereby surfaces of objects having singular manifold representations are represented by best match canonical polynomials to arrive at a model representation. The model representation is compared with the original representation to arrive at a difference. If the difference exceeds a predetermined threshold, the difference data are saved and compressed using standard lossy compression. The coefficients from the best match polynomial together with the difference data, if any, are then compressed using lossless compression. The method of motion estimation for enhanced video compression sends I frames on an “as-needed” basis, based on comparing the error between segments of a current frame and a predicted frame. If the error exceeds a predetermined threshold, which can be based on program content, the next frame sent will be an I frame. The method of automatic target recognition (ATR) including tracking, zooming, and image enhancement, uses isomorphic singular manifold projection to separate texture and sculpture portions of an image. Soft ATR is then used on the sculptured portion and hard ATR is used on the texture portion.
US07747080B2
An exemplary method for edge scan of an image is provided. The method includes: setting parameters of an image edge scan; setting parameters for scanning edges of the workpiece; obtaining an image of the workpiece; processing the image and designating a point in the image; searching a first edge point near the designated point in a clockwise direction, wherein there is at least one point adjacent to the first edge point whose color is different with the color of the first edge point; searching other edge points in the manner of searching the first edge point by utilizing a recursive method; calculating coordinates of initial points and end points of scan lines according to the parameters, and searching scanned points according to the initial points and end points on the image that has not been processed; scanning edges of the image based on the scanned points. A related system is also provided.
US07747078B2
A method, computer program product, apparatus, and system that detects a substring in an input data string by producing a fingerprint of a portion of the data string and comparing the fingerprint of the portion of the data string to at least one predefined fingerprint. The predefined fingerprint may be a fingerprint of a portion of a predefined pattern of interest. If the fingerprints match, further pattern recognition processing may be performed on the input string.
US07747062B2
Methods, defect review tools, and systems for locating a defect in a defect review process are provided. One method includes acquiring one or more images and data from an inspection tool. The one or more images illustrate an area on a specimen in which a defect to be reviewed is located. The data indicates a position and features of the defect within the area. The method also includes acquiring one or more additional images of the specimen proximate the position of the defect indicated in the data using an imaging subsystem of a defect review tool. In addition, the method includes identifying a portion of the one or more additional images that corresponds to the one or more images. The method further includes determining a position of the defect within the portion of the one or more additional images using the data.
US07747055B1
A system, and computer implemented method are provided for interactively displaying three-dimensional structures. Three-dimensional volume data (34) is formed from a series of two-dimensional images (33) representing at least one physical property associated with the three-dimensional structure, such as a body organ having a lumen. A wire frame model of a selected region of interest is generated (38b). The wireframe model is then deformed or reshaped to more accurately represent the region of interest (40b). Vertices of the wire frame model may be grouped into regions having a characteristic indicating abnormal structure, such as a lesion. Finally, the deformed wire frame model may be rendered in an interactive three-dimensional display.
US07747054B2
A detection framework that matches anatomical structures using appearance and shape is disclosed. A training set of images are used in which object shapes or structures are annotated in the images. A second training set of images represents negative examples for such shapes and structures, i.e., images containing no such objects or structures. A classification algorithm trained on the training sets is used to detect a structure at its location. The structure is matched to a counterpart in the training set that can provide details about the structure's shape and appearance.
US07747053B2
An image diagnosis supporting system comprising a means for reading in image data representative of the image of a subject acquired by a medical imaging apparatus, a means for detecting an abnormal shadow candidate satisfying at least one of a plurality of criteria for abnormal shadow criteria from the image thus read in, and a means for displaying the image thus read in and a marker indicative of the abnormal shadow candidate thus detected in a superimposed state.The image diagnosis supporting system is further provided with a means for setting criteria supporting judgment of the abnormal shadow candidate detected by the abnormal shadow candidate detecting means as judgment supporting criteria, and a control means for displaying the judgment supporting criteria thus set, the abnormal shadow candidate and the marker simultaneously on the display means.Accordingly, it is possible to support the user in accurately judging the type of an abnormal shadow candidate.
US07747046B2
An improved apparatus and method for obtaining images through a prism are provided. In an embodiment, a thin fingerprint prism wedge, with a geometry designed to minimize foreshortening and maximize contrast, is provided in an optical path between an optical sensor and an object to be imaged. In some embodiments, the apparatus operates on the principle of internal surface reflections instead of total internal reflection (TIR).
US07747043B2
A biometrics authentication system uses biometrics information to authenticate individuals. A processing unit acquires biometrics information for the same living body a plurality of times from a detection unit, judges the mutual degree of similarity between biometrics characteristic data sets extracted from the above biometrics information acquired a plurality of times, and registers a plurality of biometrics characteristic data sets with a high degree of similarity in a storage unit. As a result, verification can be performed which accommodates changes in the state of the living body, without lowering verification accuracy.
US07747042B2
A system and method are provided for automatically defining acceptable shape requirements for an object. A reference shape is a shape that the object should be in, and the acceptable shape requirements define an acceptable shape of the object that may deviate from the reference shape and yet is acceptable to a user. The system includes two elements: a processor, and a scanner coupled to the processor for scanning objects and sending scanned information of the objects to the processor. The processor is configured to perform three steps: (i) receiving scanned information of two or more acceptable shapes from the scanner; (ii) combining the scanned information of the two or more acceptable shapes to define acceptable shape requirements; and (iii) storing the acceptable shape requirements. The processor may be further configured to perform the steps of: (iv) receiving a scanned shape of an object from the scanner, and (v) determining whether the scanned shape of the object is in conformance to the acceptable shape requirements.
US07747040B2
System and method for estimating and tracking an orientation of a user's face by combining head tracking and face detection techniques. The orientation of the face, or facial pose, can be expressed in terms of pitch, roll and yaw of the user's head. Facial pose information can be used, for example, to ascertain in which direction the user is looking. In general, the facial pose estimation method obtains a position of the head and a position of the face and compares the two to obtain the facial pose. In particular, a camera is used to obtain an image containing a user's head. Any movement of the user's head is tracked and the head position is determined. A face then is detected on the head and the face position is determined. The head and face positions then are compared.
US07747029B2
A sound reproduction screen includes: at least one cell including a vibrator which receives and is vibrated by an ultrasonic signal carrying an audible signal, and a medium which has nonlinear response characteristics with respect to a vibration of the vibrator; and a screen containing the at least one cell which is distributed in a matrix structure, wherein the vibrator of the cell includes an elastic body that is vibrated by the ultrasonic signal and reflects the audible signal separated from the ultrasonic signal according to the nonlinear response characteristics of the medium, and an asymmetrical body that is connected with the elastic body and vibrates in the medium.
US07747027B2
A method of generating a test tone signal includes generating a fundamental tone signal, which is a sinusoidal signal having a predetermined frequency; generating a first group of harmonic tone signals having different frequencies that are integral multiples of the predetermined frequency; generating a second group of the harmonic tone signals having different frequencies that are integral multiples of the predetermined frequency, at least part of the second group of the harmonic tone signals having frequencies different from frequencies of the first group of the harmonic tone signals; adding the fundamental tone signal to the first group of the harmonic tone signals to generate a first test tone signal; adding the fundamental tone signal to the second group of the harmonic tone signals to generate a second test tone signal; and outputting the first and second test tone signals at predetermined intervals.
US07747026B2
The present invention relates to the field of devices and methods for improving testing of hearing devices, including soundbridges and direct drive middle ear implants. In particular, the present invention provides a microphone system utilizing reverse transfer function to assess the operability of implanted hearing improvement devices, including but not limited to soundbridges and direct drive middle ear implants.
US07747011B2
The invention realizes a high-security cryptographic processing apparatus that increases difficulty in analyzing its key and a method therefor. In Feistel-type common-key-block cryptographic processing that repeatedly executes an SPN-type F-function having the nonlinear conversion section and the linear conversion section over a plurality of rounds, Linear conversion processing of an F-function corresponding to each of the plurality of rounds is carried out by linear conversion processing that applies square MDS (Maximum Distance Separable) matrices. The invention uses a setting that arbitrary m column vectors included in inverse matrices of square MDS matrices being set up at least in consecutive even-numbered rounds and in consecutive odd-numbered rounds, respectively, constitute a square MDS matrix. This structure realizes cryptographic processing whereby resistance to linear cryptanalysis attacks in the common-key-block cipher is improved.
US07747008B2
The voice absorber of the present invention includes an absorption member and an attachment member and is adapted for use with portable telephonic devices to enable a user to engage in a more private conversation and limit the disruption to individuals nearby the user during the conversation. The shape of the absorption member may be selectively configurable and may be constructed of multiple layers, including a layer specifically adapted to absorb sound waves. The attachment member enables the voice absorber to be easily affixed and removed from portable telephonic devices and generally positions the absorption member in front of the user's mouth. The voice absorber also functions to isolate the transmitter portion of a portable telephonic device from ambient, background noise and serves as a reminder to a user to speak with a quieter voice.
US07747006B2
An electronic device, such as a handset for providing telephonic communication, having a semi-translucent finish is provided. The handset generally includes a front cover with a display region, an input region and a back cover. The front cover may be formed of a transparent material, such as plastic and be covered by a semi-translucent vacuum metallized thin film. The handset includes an active mode wherein a display panel is illuminated and is visible through the thin film, and a standby mode wherein the display panel is not illuminated and not visible and, instead, the front cover appears as a continuous surface with a metallic finish. The handset also includes a base unit with an outer area that may change color to indicate the handset is properly positioned within the base unit. The base unit also includes electrical contacts to act as a charging unit.
US07747003B2
A wireless headphone device has a first elongate portion having first and second opposite ends with an attachment interface at the first end, the first portion comprising an on-board power supply and a transceiver with functional circuitry, and a second elongate portion coupled pivotally to the first portion at the second end, and having an ear bud and a microphone at an end away from the pivotal coupling. The functional circuitry enables receiving and playing of audio from an MP3 player through the ear bud, and use as speaker and microphone for a wirelessly coupled telephone.
US07746990B1
A system and method to provide content and call attributes for a destination phone number using a click-to-dial connection includes accepting a query, retrieving links to a document, and searching through cached data using the query to identify relevant or destination number information. If no match is found, the method continues with accessing the document identified by the link for identifying relevant number information and creating a click-to-dial icon to link to the relevant numbers included in the relevant phone number information identified by the query. Next, a popup box for content relevant to the click-to-dial icon and a click feature on the popup box are created to retrieve call destination attributes for viewing by a user. Further, computer instructions create at least one communication connection between two communication devices after viewing call destination attributes.
US07746989B2
A system and method for recording and attaching an audio file to an electronic message generated by a portable client device. In some embodiments, the audio file may be recorded remotely from the portable client device, and may be attached to the electronic message at an enterprise server while being transmitted from the portable client device to an intended recipient.
US07746987B1
A method and system for storing, transmitting and retrieving an audio message is disclosed herein. The invention allows a recipient to access a voice message sent by a sender by clicking on an access key in a SMS text sent to the recipient's phone. The SMS text preferably provides information on the sender and the length of the voice message. Once the recipient accesses the message, another SMS text is sent to the sender providing information on the when and how much of the voice message was communicated to the recipient. The voice message is preferably stored at a server of the system.
US07746986B2
Systems and methods for displaying visual content to a user corresponding to sound captured at a user terminal are disclosed. After receiving over a network from a user terminal a request to convert sound into a visual content representing the sound, wherein the sound comprises one or more words, a translation server may retrieve text corresponding to the one or more words from a database. The translation server may then convert the text into one or more content phrases, wherein the content phrases represent the meaning of the one or more words, and convert each of the one or more content phrases into a new language. Finally, the translation server may send visual content to the user terminal representing the new language.
US07746984B2
A method and system for call initiation and the establishment of a communication session in a video relay service are described. A called party number of a voice phone is entered into a video phone and a first segment of a communication session is established between the video phone and a Video Relay Service (VRS) system according to a network address of the VRS system stored within the video phone. The called party number is forwarded to the VRS system over the first segment of the communication session. A second segment of the communication session is established between the VRS system and the voice phone without any additional interaction by a user of the video phone using the called party number of the voice phone.
US07746982B2
In a rotary anode X-ray tube, a disc portion is fitted into a rotary anode with a first gap therebetween and a fixed shaft is fitted into a rotary shaft to support the anode with a second gap therebetween. The disc portion and the fixed shaft are formed integral with each other to have a hollow portion therein. A cooling liquid is allowed to flow through the hollow portion. A liquid metal is filled in the first and second gaps. Dynamic pressure type bearings is formed in the second gap. A passage is formed to directly communicate the first gap to the second gap, whereby the liquid metal being directly supplied from the second gap to the first gap. Thus, the liquid metal can be fed rapidly and surely into the gap between the anode target and a cooling vessel.
US07746980B1
An X-ray reflectometry apparatus comprises an X-ray source (1) configured to emit an incident X-ray beam directed onto a sample measuring position and an X-ray detector (2) configured to detect an X-ray beam (3) reflected from a surface of a selected sample (4) located in said sample measuring position and with a multiple sample holder (5) comprising an essentially horizontal one- or two-dimensional array of sample resting positions into which solid samples can be placed from above. A drive mechanism (6) moves the sample holder in one or two directions within a horizontal plane underneath the sample measuring position in order to place a selected sample (4) directly beneath the measuring position and a sample lift mechanism (7) has a vertically movable piston (8) located below the multiple sample holder (5) beneath the sample measuring position. When the sample lift mechanism (7) is activated, the piston (8) moves upwards against a bottom surface of the selected sample (4) or sample container (9) containing said selected sample (4), lifts the selected sample (4) or sample container (9) until it touches a stop (10) that keeps the sample (4) in the sample measuring position. When the sample lift mechanism (7) is deactivated, the piston (8) moves downwards and the sample (4) rests in its resting position. The device prevents signal cross talk to neighboring samples or to the sample holder, while also assuring an alignment which can be parallel to the incident beam.
US07746965B2
One embodiment of the present invention includes a method for controlling a gain of a wideband signal. The method comprises adding a virtual channel to the wideband signal, the wideband signal comprising at least one channel. The method also comprises monitoring an output power associated with the wideband signal that includes the at least one channel and the virtual channel. The method further comprises setting a gain factor to achieve a predetermined output power of the wideband signal and amplifying the wideband signal based on the gain factor.
US07746961B2
Hypothesis tests, such as maximum likelihood detections, are executed on symbol sequences received by, for example, a user equipment (UE) in a communication system. The hypothesis tester checks a received sequence against a group of predetermined sequences that possibly could have been sent to the UE. For received sequences that are matched or not matched by the hypothesis tester with high confidence, complete decoding, for example, with a Viterbi decoder, is not necessary. Instead, complete decoding is used as a “tie-breaker” for those sequences which the hypothesis tester cannot match or not match with desired confidence levels.
US07746960B2
Provided are an apparatus and a method for compensating for an I/Q mismatch using a transmission signal in a wireless communication system. The apparatus includes a coupler, an FFT operator, and an I/Q mismatch estimator. The coupler couples the transmission signal and provides the coupled signal to a reception path, and the FFT operator performs FFT on the coupled transmission signal. The I/Q mismatch estimator estimates I/Q mismatch using a preamble of the FFT-performed transmission signal. The apparatus can compensate for I/Q mismatch in real-time. Since the FFT provided to a reception signal detection unit of a TDD OFDM receiver is used without the need for a separate algorithm for Fourier transform required during an I/Q mismatch estimation process of the conventional art, resources can be saved.
US07746957B2
A distortion correction control apparatus is for compensating for a burst distortion in a transmission amplifier caused by a burst of an input signal of a transmission target. The apparatus includes a holding unit that stores a distortion correction coefficient having reverse characteristics to the burst distortion; a unit that multiplies the distortion correction coefficient read out from the holding unit by the input signal or adds the distortion correction coefficient read out from the holding unit to the input signal, upon reception of burst information notifying of switching between presence and absence of the input signal; and an update unit that updates, based on the input signal, the distortion correction coefficient of the last time, and a signal fed back as an output signal of the transmission amplifier, the distortion correction coefficient by an adaptive algorithm, and that inputs the updated distortion correction coefficient to the holding unit.
US07746945B2
The burden of designing multiple training sequences for systems having multiple transmit antennas, is drastically reduced by employing a single sequence from which the necessary multiple sequences are developed. The single sequence is selected to create sequences that have an impulse-like autocorrelation function and zero cross correlations. A sequence of any desired length Nt can be realized for an arbitrary number of channel taps, L. The created sequences can be restricted to a standard constellation (that is used in transmitting information symbols) so that a common constellation mapper is used for both the information signals and the training sequence. In some applications a a training sequence may be selected so that it is encoded with the same encoder that is used for encoding information symbols. Both block and trellis coding is possible in embodiments that employ this approach.
US07746943B2
A wireless communication system which performs data transmission from a first terminal including N antennas to a second terminal including M antennas using spatially multiplexed streams (N and M are integers larger than or equal to 2 and N
US07746941B2
Provided are a synchronization apparatus and method for improving timing estimation performance in an OFDM-FDMA/CDMA/TDMA system, which can correctly estimate symbol timing through a more correct timing metric using a guard interval of a preamble. The synchronization apparatus includes an auto-correlator for calculating an auto-correlation value of a received signal and a signal delayed by a predetermined time, a power detector for calculating power of the received signal, a timing metric/normalizer for normalizing the auto-correlation value by dividing the auto-correlation value by the calculated power to obtain a timing metric, and a peak detector for finding a peak value of the timing metric to estimate a frame starting position and an initial symbol timing. The auto-correlator calculates an auto-correlation length as long as a length of a guard interval, considering the preamble characteristic that the patterns are repeated in the time domain. The initial symbol timing is set to a position determined by adding the position where the timing metric has a peak value to the length of the guard interval and subtracting the maximum value of the expected channel delay spread from the result value.
US07746937B2
A plurality of differential signal transmitters can transmit data signals differentially through a plurality of conductive signal lines. Ones of the signal lines can be shared between transmitters, and others of the signal lines need not be shared between transmitters.
US07746930B2
An object of the invention is to provide a prediction compensation device and its method in which the processing efficiency of the overall coding process is enhanced. The address of an object pixel block serving as a pixel block of prediction object among a plurality of pixel blocks is detected, a first search range or a second search range narrower than the first search range is decided as the search range of a motion vector for the object pixel block on the reference frame according to the detected address, and the motion vector is searched for from the decided search range around the predictor of the motion vector based on the surrounding pixel blocks adjacent to the object pixel block.
US07746925B1
A feedback equalizer includes a summing unit having an output and first input for receiving a modulated signal, which includes a symbol defined by a first number of chips. A subsymbol processor is coupled to the output of the summing unit. The symbol processor is capable of generating a subsymbol waveform upon receipt of a second number of chips of the symbol. The second number is less than the first number. A feedback filter is coupled to a second input of the summing unit and the symbol processing unit to selectively filter the subsymbol waveform from the modulated signal.
US07746924B2
For a given channel and a filter having at least one filter tap, a set of at least one weight value is determined for the at least one filter tap according to which at least one weight value substantially minimizes a gradient of a frequency response for the given channel and substantially maximizes energy of the frequency response for the given channel within a predetermined bandwidth.
US07746922B2
Wireless devices transmit and receive radio signals based upon reference frequencies generated by crystal oscillators. If the reference frequencies of the transmitter and the receiver are different, the radio signals may not be received properly or may not be received at all. A measurement circuit measures the amount of error or signal corruption in the radio signals due to the reference frequency offset between the transmitter and the receiver. A frequency offset circuit generates an offset operating frequency in the transmitter or the receiver to align or calibrate the operating frequencies of the devices.
US07746921B1
Power savings are achieved for digital data transport over short distances by using the characteristics of resonant LC circuits. Economy of circuit elements is achieved by enabling a single pair of resonant circuits to drive large numbers of digital data lines or nodes in parallel. This maximizes power efficiency and minimizes area and cost. Resistance is minimized by insuring that all switches in the current path are fully “ON” whenever significant current is flowing through them. All other parasitic resistances in the circuits, consisting primarily of parasitic interconnect resistances, are minimized. This enables the data transmission circuits to achieve maximum Q or quality factor, which minimizes power dissipation.
US07746913B2
An apparatus/method which may comprise a line narrowed pulsed excimer or molecular fluorine gas discharge laser system which may comprise a seed laser oscillator producing an output comprising a seed laser output light beam of pulses which may comprise a first gas discharge excimer or molecular fluorine laser chamber; a line narrowing module within a first oscillator cavity; a laser amplification stage containing an amplifying gain medium in a second gas discharge excimer or molecular fluorine laser chamber receiving the output of the seed laser oscillator and amplifying the output of the seed laser oscillator to form a laser system output comprising a laser system output light beam of pulses, which may comprise a ring power amplification stage; a seed injection mechanism.
US07746912B2
A vertical cavity surface emitting laser element is provided that includes a substrate, a first semiconductor multilayer reflector including plural pairs of layers having differing refractive indexes and thermal resistances, a resonator region including an active layer, and a second semiconductor multilayer reflector including plural pairs of layers having differing refractive indexes and thermal resistances.
US07746909B2
The present invention provides a compact, low cost integrated continuous wave (CW) laser/electro-absorption (EA) modulator solution that supports the non-return to zero (NRZ) modulation format for long-haul optical transmission that results in high output extinction ratio of an integrated EA modulated laser (EML) and low modulator chirp. The methods and systems of the present invention treat the laser and EA modulator sections of the EML as separate components. An information signal is connected to two separate drivers: a laser driver that drives the laser section and a modulator driver that drives the EA modulator section.
US07746906B2
A transmitting side relay device comprises additional information generation means for generating additional information about the characteristics of a data stream, packet generation means for generating a packet by attaching additional information to each transfer unit and transmitting means for transmitting the packet to the third network according to prescribed procedures. A receiving side relay device comprises separation means for breaking down the received packet into additional information and a transfer unit, analysis means for analyzing the additional information, reproduction means for locating information included in a corresponding transfer unit in an appropriate position and reproducing the data stream and output means for outputting the data stream reproduced by the reproduction means to the second network.
US07746903B2
Method of using existing SONET transport overhead bytes (202) to provide additional bandwidth for increased management traffic, without the need to make use of SONET payload capacity (204). Overhead bytes that are undefined by the SONET Telecommunication Standard for certain STS-1 frames (200) of an STS-n frame (500) are used to form data channels. Using the undefined bytes, data can be communicated between a plurality of nodes (402, 404, 406) in the network.
US07746890B2
An interface device transforms data to a packet and inverts at least a portion of the packet to reduce a number of bit toggles at corresponding locations in a previous packet. A reverse bit appended to the packet indicates whether the packet is inverted. A transmission packet including the reverse bit and the portion of the packet inverted according to a state of the reverse bit is transmitted, and the data are recovered from a received packet, the portion of which that was inverted is inverted again according to the state of the reverse bit.
US07746885B2
Described is a communication system including wireless client devices. In the described system, the client devices may be wrist-worn watches such as are in common use today, except that the watches are specially configured to receive transmissions from broadcast towers. A client device is associated with one or more home service regions, and is configured to receive personal messages on a home channel when in the home service region. The client device employs a self-assignment method to identify and select a home channel without the need for interaction by a user. A tower discovery method is employed to identify broadcast towers and available channels within a service region. A failover method is employed to identify a change in the broadcast system, and take appropriate action such as, for example, changing to another broadcast tower, selecting another frequency, selecting a sleep mode, as well as others.
US07746878B2
A host device interfacing with a point of deployment (POD) and a method of processing broadcast data are disclosed. Herein, an Internet Protocol (IP) physical interface unit receives an Ethernet frame including broadcast data; and a routing engine transforms the Ethernet frame to an IP packet when a destination address included in the Ethernet frame matches with an address of a pod and routs the transformed IP packet to an extended channel connected to the POD. Accordingly, it is possible to protect contents using a conditional access provided by the existing cable card and process broadcast data received on all types of transmission protocols including an IP protocol over a wired/wireless network using a channel provided for connection between the existing cable card and the host device.
US07746877B2
In general, various methods, apparatuses, and systems are described for communicating a loss of an AC power source. In at least certain embodiments, a broadband communication gateway receives a direct current (DC) output signal from an alternating current (AC) to DC converter that detects a loss of an AC input signal. The apparatus further includes a processing unit that generates a communication message in response to receiving an interrupt signal based on the detection of the loss of the AC input signal. The processing unit controls an analog front end that sends the communication message to a device external to the broadband communication gateway in response to the interrupt signal prior to a voltage of the DC output signal decreasing below a threshold voltage needed for operation of the broadband communication gateway.
US07746872B2
A direction of travel of a packet at a switch in an interconnection fabric that has multiple switches with ports is determined. A next turn pointer in the packet is used to identify turn bits in a routing path. The turn bits are then used to select an exit port as a function of the direction of travel of the packet.
US07746865B2
A maskable content addressable memory may store one or more address prefixes. A port on which the packet may be sent is determined by comparing the destination address of a received packet by masking the address prefixes and the destination address.
US07746862B1
Packet processing is provided in a multiple processor system including a first processor to processing a packet and to create a tag associated with the packet. The tag includes information about the processing of the packet. A second processor receives the packet subsequent to the first processor and processes the packet using the tag information.
US07746861B2
A communication apparatus includes a receiving device configured to receive a physical frame in which a plurality of MAC frames, each having a sequence number, are aggregated. A reception buffer which stores MAC frames of the physical frame received by the receiving device. A determination device determines whether or not the first MAC frame in the physical frame received by the receiving device has been successfully received. A reception buffer management device determines, when the first MAC frame has been successfully received, a MAC frame to be forwarded to an upper layer, on the basis of the sequence number of the first MAC frame, and extracts the MAC frame from the reception buffer.
US07746855B1
A system and method have been provided for programming synchronization features of a multidimensional digital frame structure. Such a frame structure acts as a digital wrapper and includes overhead, payload, and forward error correction (FEC) sections. Words in the overhead section are used to selectively synchronize the broadcast frame structure at a plurality of network nodes. The described invention permits the frame synchronization bytes (FSBs) to be made programmable, so that the system and method are flexible for changes in communication protocols, as well for the selective exclusion of nodes. This flexibility also impacts the number, the location, bandwidth, and the bit error rate (BER) of the located FSBs.
US07746853B2
A method, an apparatus and a carrier medium for securely distributing multimedia while still retaining compatibility with existing CA systems. The method includes forming a packet including a plurality of encrypted multimedia stream segments. The packet further includes, for each segment of the plurality, a field providing conditional access information associated with the segment. The method further includes sending the packet to an intermediary. The method is such that the intermediary receiving the packet can send a first segment of the plurality and any associated conditional access information to a first receiver, and send a second segment of the plurality and any associated conditional access information to a second receiver. The method is also such that no decryption of any segment of the plurality is required by the intermediary to send the first segment or to send the second segment.
US07746849B2
Provided is a method and system for providing a packet-based multimedia service to a mobile device in a network. The service is defined by a telecommunications standard, such as the 3GPP IP multimedia subsystem (IMS) standard, and the network does not support packet quality of service (QoS) functionality as required by the standard. A communications session embodying the method may be initiated by the mobile device or by the network. The method begins by establishing simultaneous packet signaling and circuit bearer connections with the mobile device. Signaling information for the multimedia service may then be transferred via the packet signaling connection using a session initiation protocol (SIP) or similar protocol. Data for the multimedia service may be transferred via the circuit bearer connection. This enables a feature rich signaling protocol to be used to provide the multimedia service via the network in alignment with the standard, even though the network does not support the required QoS functionality.
US07746838B2
An arrangement of logically distinct wireless data communication networks share a gateway for communicating with external networks. Each logically distinct network preferably is a class-based network, the nodes of which include a wireless two-way radio frequency data communication device. Each device filter wireless communications received by it for an identification within the communication of its class designation, or for a class, abstract class, or subclass corresponding to its class designation; and process the communication if found and do not process the communication if not found. The gateway wirelessly communicates with each logically distinct network by including the respective class designation for the network with which the communications are desired. The other class based networks do not process messages that are communicated to the desired class-based network, thereby avoiding unnecessary power consumption by the wireless devices.
US07746836B2
Active sessions and dialogs may be moved between connections and P-CSCFs. For example, in some embodiments either new bindings may be created with a different connection for a Public User ID or the UE may re-register one or more specific bindings for a Public User ID from one connection to another. The capabilities improve service continuity when handing over between IP-CANs. FIG. 13 illustrates exemplary messaging for moving bindings to a new connection for a Private User ID between UE (1305) and P-CSCF (1307) when the UE (1305) is in a visited IP-CAN, that is, visited network (1303). The UE (1305) invokes the unprotected global seamless re-registration of the embodiments via an unprotected initial registration procedure wherein the UE (1305) includes a “seamless-ims” parameter in the Require and Proxy-Require headers of the REGISTER request (1313). The S-CSCF (1311) provides the capability to subsequently re-register bindings over new or existing connections.
US07746831B2
In a code division multiple access communication system (100), a method and accompanying apparatus provide for controlling gain of a forward supplemental channel (482) by determining gain level of a forward fundamental channel (481) associated with supplemental channel (482) for being targeted for a common mobile station, determining an adaptive margin (Ma) for fundamental channel (481) and determining a forward supplemental channel gain (Gsch) based on the gain of supplemental channel (482) and the Ma. The Gsch may be successively decreased for subsequent data frames targeted for the common mobile station on supplemental channel (482) by successively decreasing the Ma until receiving a supplemental channel frame erasure indicator from the common mobile station. The Gsch may be increased for a subsequent data frame targeted for the common mobile station on supplemental channel (482) by increasing the Ma after receiving the supplemental channel frame erasure indicator from the common mobile station.
US07746809B2
A method for making correspondence between an MPID (Maintenance Point Identifier) and a MAC (Media Access Control) address, including: each MP (Maintenance Point) on the network is allocated a unique MPID at first; to obtain the MAC address of a destination MP, a MEP (Maintenance End Point) sends a broadcast query message to all the MPs on the network with the MPID of the destination MP; after receiving the broadcast query message, each MP determines whether the MPID in the message is the same as its MPID; if they are same, returns a unicast response message which includes the MPID and the MAC address; otherwise, no operation is performed; the MEP obtains the MAC address of the destination MP from the received unicast response message. The invention overcomes the problem of the prior art that an MEP cannot know the MAC address of a destination MP. By the present invention, various functions of the OAM can be accomplished and the uniqueness of the MPID and the MAC address of an MP on the network may also be ensured.
US07746806B2
A method for determining the capacity that is needed on an lub link to fulfill Grade of Service (GoS) requirements in a Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN) for both Dedicated Channel (DCH) traffic and High-Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) traffic. The method includes determining the bandwidth demand of the HSDPA traffic (ElasticDim); calculating an average bandwidth of the DCH traffic on the lub interface (BW use,avg); setting an initial capacity (Capacity) to the capacity need of the DCH traffic (Capacity DCH), wherein at least the initial capacity will be provided for the DCH traffic in the dimensioned system; and, increasing the value of Capacity until a quality requirement of the HSDPA traffic is fulfilled, the maximum value of Capacity reached being the capacity that is needed for DCH and HSDPA traffic for the lub interface.
US07746793B2
Systems and methods for assuring consistency between MPLS forwarding and control planes. The control plane can be made aware of forwarding plane anomalies and can respond appropriately. One particular application is assuring consistency between forwarding and control planes of a Fast Reroute backup tunnels used to protect an MPLS Traffic Engineering LSP from a link and/or a node failure. When a backup tunnel forwarding failure is detected, the control plane can react by, for example, rerouting the backup tunnel and/or sending a notification to the operator or head-end of the protected Traffic Engineering LSP.
US07746792B2
A method, a detection device and a server device for evaluation of a communication arriving via a connecting line at the communication device are provided. Communication information which can be read or determined from the incoming communication is detected by the detection device which is coupled between the connecting line and the communication device, and is associated solely with the communication device. Furthermore, the detection device checks whether the detected communication information matches predeterminable data pattern information, and/or whether a response message to be initiated by the incoming communication from the communication device via the connecting line is absent. If the check result is positive, the detected communication information is stored, and is read out during the course of a central evaluation process carried out by the server device.
US07746791B2
The present invention is concerned with the identification of a failed communication network component of an industrial communication network and of a substation automation system in particular. This is achieved by supervising communication paths of a communication network having components. A failure status or operating status of each communication path is determined and reported. Any network component that is part of an operating path is regarded as operating, i.e. failure-free, whereas all other network components are considered as non-operating or potentially failed. If there is more than one non-operating component, additional suitable communication paths are evaluated, until one single failed network component is identified and subsequently reported as requiring repair or replacement. The invention is particularly applicable in cases where some of the network components, i.e. the lines or some nodes of the communication paths, are passive components or non-intelligent devices that are unable to report an operating status themselves.
US07746787B2
Systems are provided for sequencing, delivery acknowledgement, and throttling of data packets over a network layer, such as UDP and SMS. To support devices with limited battery resources, the invention incorporates asymmetric retry logic and/or acknowledgements with overlapping ranges, to minimize the transmissions required for the device. The sender of a data-bearing frame does not need to wait for a frame to be acknowledged before sending the next, such that many frames can be “in flight” at once.
US07746781B1
An improved method is described for providing Differentiated Services (Diffserv) traffic to a node in a network that implements a security method that discards duplicate packets received at the node. The method includes the step of identifying at least two service levels to be provided to received traffic and assigning separate sequential sequence numbers and different anti-replay bitmasks to each of the service levels. The anti-replay bitmask indicates the sequence numbers of packets that have been previously received at the node that should be compared against a received packet to determine whether a duplicate packet has been received. Such an arrangement reduces the possibility that traffic having lower priority is dropped as a security measure.
US07746778B2
A method implemented in a node to forward data packets via a communication link to another node. The method includes receiving an indication of a resource level associated with one or more ports among the other node's ingress and egress ports. The indication to be received via a side-band communication link coupled to the other node. The method further includes forwarding one or more data packets associated with data to the other node based on the indicated resource level received via the side-band communication link.
US07746773B2
The invention comprises a method and system for dynamically processing messages. After a message is received from a network or from an internal application, and the message type is identified, the invention determines whether an optimized handler should be used to process messages of the identified message type. If an optimized handler has not previously been generated for the identified message type or is otherwise not available, an optimized handler may be generated, during run-time, for subsequent processing of messages of the identified message type. In some embodiments, the invention maintains statistics relating the processing characteristics of different types of messages and these statistics are used to determine whether to generate an optimized handler or to use a generic handler to process subsequently received messages having a certain identified message type.
US07746766B2
A method for optimizing a transmission format of a reference signal is disclosed. A first matrix is provided. A second matrix is computed from the first matrix. A derivative of a function of the second matrix is defined. Iterates of the function are obtained. A function of the second matrix is determined. An optimum value of the first matrix is calculated.
US07746751B2
The present invention enables audio data to be recorded or played back more easily. LPCM samples from an LPCM sample 301-1 of a first channel to an LPCM sample 304-1 of a fourth channel in audio data are combined in order to generate a GOLS 310-1. An even number of GOLS are combined to generate an audio frame. Header information is added to the audio frame to generate an audio PES packet, which is multiplexed with a video PES packet and recorded onto a recording medium. As a result, the number of bits of the audio frame is an integral multiple of 32. This increases an affinity with a recording and playback apparatus.
US07746749B2
An apparatus and method for look-ahead data detection are provided, the apparatus including a boundary function generator, a boundary decision unit in signal communication with the boundary function generator, a next state generator in signal communication with the boundary decision unit, and a sample value generator in signal communication with the boundary decision unit; and the method including receiving a pickup signal sensed from an optical disc, providing a boundary function value responsive to the pickup signal, comparing the boundary function value with a programmable register value, generating decision outputs responsive to the boundary function value with combinational logic, generating a next state and detected data responsive to the decision outputs, and generating a detected sample value responsive to the decision outputs.
US07746747B2
In an optical recording medium drive apparatus, an optical recording medium is illuminated with a laser beam emitted from a head via an objected leans, and the head detects light reflected from the optical recording medium being illuminated with the laser beam. A signal generator generates a reflected light signal in accordance with the reflected light detected by the head. A controller drives the objective lens via a focusing unit, and detects peaks in the reflected light signal obtained when the objective lens is driven in a focusing direction. The controller determines whether the optical recording medium is of a single layer type or a multiple layer type by determining whether a pattern of the detected peaks is similar to one of patterns which can occur if the optical recording medium is of the single layer type.
US07746740B2
In the present invention, the processing sequence of a microprocessor for restructuring the recording parameters when changing the recording in an optical disk recording apparatus from a constant angular velocity (CAV) mode to a constant linear velocity (CLV) mode is as follows: (1) interrupt the recording process; (2) calculate a linear velocity at a point where the recording linear velocity becomes constant; (3) calculate a third recording parameter in the linear velocity by a linear interpolation based on first and second recording parameters which are corrected by test writing, replacing all the recording parameters for an outer circumference of an optical disk from a radius position where the linear velocity becomes Cx, with the third recording parameter; and (4) restart the recording with the third recording parameter as a recording condition.
US07746730B2
A reminder system has a user interface with a microphone, display and at least one manually operable control. A processor that is coupled to the user interface has a memory and an input for receiving image information signifying at least one predetermined image for storage in the memory. The processor can display simultaneously on the display a calendar image and the predetermined image. In another mode the processor can display at least the predetermined image without displaying the calendar image. In yet another mode the screen can display a conventional clock face with minute and hour hands. As an option, the user can upload a number of images that can then replace the hours numerals on the clock face. Using the user interface and the microphone one can store in the memory at least one pair of a spoken message and a scheduled time. The processor can make the spoken message automatically available at the scheduled time. The processor can be coupled to a remote interface that has a sound sensor for producing a remote sound signal. The remote interface can send the remote sound signal to the processor for storage in the memory for later retrieval.
US07746724B2
A method and apparatus for accessing a memory device. The method includes providing control signals for an access command to the memory device via an asynchronous interface and transmitting data for the access command to the memory device. The method also includes encoding, into the transmitted data, a clock signal. The encoded clock signal in the transmitted data is used by the memory device for receiving the data transmission.
US07746715B2
The present invention describes a method for operating an array of nonvolatile charge trapping memory devices. The method comprises before a block erase step (52) of substantially all of the non-volatile memory devices of the array, block programming (51) of substantially all of the non-volatile memory devices of the array. It is an advantage of the present invention that, by doing this, a further charge trapping nonvolatile memory device may be used as a reference cell, which is programmed and erased with the block-programming and block-erasing of the memory cells in the array, so that the reference cell shows the same cycling history as the memory cells in the array. This feature can be used for adapting read parameters to ageing of the memory cells. Corresponding devices are also provided.
US07746696B1
A memory has first and second storage cells, each with a floating node, that store complementary data values. Interlaced inverters quickly sense a voltage difference between the storage cells and provide a data value output when the memory is read. Each floating node includes a tunneling gate of a tunneling transistor, a gate of a bitline transistor, and a plate of a coupling capacitor.
US07746695B2
The invention concerns semiconductor latches capable of memorizing any programmed information even after power supply has been removed. Used is a μm BiCMOS EPROM process but it is applicable in any other process having hot electron injection devices like EPROM, Flash EEPROM. Suggested is a bi-stable latch circuit having a pair of cross-coupled branches (I,II), each branch including a complementary driver and a load connected between a drain line and a source line and a non-volatile memory cell having a program transistor and a read transistor, at least one of said drivers and loads including said read transistor, said driver and load of said branch connected in series at a respective output node, said read transistor and program transistor having a common floating gate and separate control gates, said control gate of said program transistor connected to a program voltage, the drain of said program transistor connected to a respective input node, said control gate of said read transistor in said branch connected to said output node of the other branch (II).
US07746690B2
A memory operable at a high speed is obtained. This memory comprises a plurality of word lines, first transistors each connected to each the plurality of word lines for entering an ON-state through selection of the corresponding word line, a plurality of memory cells including diodes having cathodes connected to the source or drain regions of the first transistors respectively and a data determination portion connected to the drain or source regions of the first transistors for determining data read from a selected memory cell.
US07746688B2
A PRAM includes a memory cell array of phase change memory cells, and a write circuit receiving an externally provided first voltage and supplying a write pulse for writing data to the memory cells in a normal operation mode. The write circuit also receives an externally provided second voltage higher than the first voltage and supplies a firing pulse to at least one firing-failed phase change memory cell.
US07746684B2
An operating process of an organic device includes performing a programming process and an erasing process. The programming process includes steps of applying a first positive bias from the first electrode to the second electrode on the organic device so that a conductive state of the organic device is switched to be a first turn-on state when the organic device is in a turn-off state and applying a negative bias from the first electrode to the second electrode on the organic device so that the conductive state of the organic device is switched to be a second turn-on state when the organic device is in the first turn-on state. The erasing process includes a step of applying a second positive bias from the first electrode to the second electrode on the organic device so that the conductive state of the organic device is switched to be the turn-off state.
US07746681B2
Optical and optoelectronic devices and methods of making same. Under one aspect, an optical device includes an integrated circuit an array of conductive regions; and an optically sensitive material over at least a portion of the integrated circuit and in electrical communication with at least one conductive region of the array of conductive regions. Under another aspect, a method of forming a nanocrystalline film includes fabricating a plurality of nanocrystals having a plurality of first ligands attached to their outer surfaces; exchanging the first ligands for second ligands of different chemical composition than the first ligands; forming a film of the ligand-exchanged nanocrystals; removing the second ligands; and fusing the cores of adjacent nanocrystals in the film to form an electrical network of fused nanocrystals. Under another aspect, a film includes a network of fused nanocrystals, the nanocrystals having a core and an outer surface, wherein the core of at least a portion of the fused nanocrystals is in direct physical contact and electrical communication with the core of at least one adjacent fused nanocrystal, and wherein the film has substantially no defect states in the regions where the cores of the nanocrystals are fused.
US07746678B2
An amplifier circuit according to the present invention includes a plurality of input nodes receiving a plurality of input voltages (VI1 to VIR), a plurality of differential amplifiers provided corresponding to the plurality of input nodes, each having one input which receives a voltage of the corresponding input node, and a control circuit generating a control voltage (CONTROL) that follows a minimum voltage or a maximum voltage of the plurality of input voltages (VI1 to VIR) from outputs of the plurality of differential amplifiers and supplying the generated control voltage (CONTROL) as a common value to the other inputs of the plurality of differential amplifiers.
US07746677B2
A power supply comprises an AC-DC converter circuit, which comprises a first capacitor and a second capacitor. The converter also comprises a rectifier circuit connected to the first and second capacitor and operative to charge both the first and the second capacitor and to discharge the first capacitor independently of the second capacitor. The power supply also comprises an acoustic transformer.
US07746674B2
A push-pull type self-oscillating power converter uses a main power transformer connected to a current transformer in series in such a way that a secondary current flowing through secondary sides of the two transformers is feedback to the primary side of the current drive transformer to generate a drive current for driving two switches. The drive current is proportional to the secondary current in the secondary side of the main power transformer.
US07746664B2
A mounting apparatus for mounted an expansion card to a computer case, includes an expansion card mount, and a locking device mounted in the computer. The expansion card mount includes a fixing board, the fixing board including a locking post extending. The computer includes a PCB having a female connector, and a rear plate defining an opening. The expansion card includes a male connector and is fixed to the fixing board. The expansion card together with the expansion card mount can be inserted through the opening of the rear plate in order to make the male connector of the expansion card to be plugged in the female connector of the PCB. At the same time, the locking post of the expansion card mount is locked by the locking device and the expansion card mount is mounted in the opening of the rear plate.
US07746661B2
A printed circuit board is disclosed having coextensive electrical connectors and contact pad areas. Areas of the contact pads where the traces and/or vias are located may be etched away to ensure electrical isolation between the traces, vias and contact pads.
US07746659B2
The invention provides a heat dissipater such as a heat dissipation member that dissipates heat of an integrated circuit that is formed on a flexible substrate such as a flexible printed circuit board. The heat dissipater according to an aspect of the invention includes; a main body section that is formed in the shape of a hollow sleeve in such a manner that the flexible substrate can be inserted through and inserted inside the main body section; and an adhering section that is formed on an inner surface of the main body section in such a manner that the main body section and the integrated circuit are adhered to each other via the adhering section.
US07746657B2
The present invention is a specially designed PCB that allows XFP compliant transceiver modules and EMI gaskets to be used in a manner specified in the XFP standard and results in an integrated solution that is compliant with the XFP standard. Various geometric features are incorporated into the PCB to achieve improvements that in combination result in an integrated solution meeting the XFP standard. Some of these improved features include: specific thickness of prepreg and other layering of the PCB, specific spacing, dimensions and weights for certain components of the PCB, an opening on the first layer XFP cage ground shield connecting to the EMI gasket, guard ground traces in the second layer surrounding the differential pair signal traces, openings in the copper of the third layer beneath the XFP cage ground shield and XFP connector pads, and ground vias at the XFP connector and PHY connector pads.
US07746648B2
A modular heat-radiation structure includes a module for generating heat, including a first main unit having a heat-radiation fin, fixed to the top face of the first main unit for radiating heat generated in the module and a resin-made and insulating heat shield inserted between the printed circuit board and the first main unit.
US07746645B2
A heat sink assembly includes a heat sink and a clip assembly. The clip assembly includes a clip and a pair of movable fasteners pivotally connected to the clip. The clip includes a main body, two pressing portions extending from two opposite ends of the main body and two locking arms extending oppositely from the two pressing portions, respectively. The movable fasteners each include a main body, a pair of receiving portions curved upwardly from the main body and receiving a corresponding locking arm therein and a hook extending downwardly from the main body and engaging with a clasp on a printed circuit board. A distance from each of the hooks of the movable fasteners to a corresponding clasp can be adjustable via rotation of the movable fasteners around the locking arms of the clip.
US07746644B2
A package assembly with a heat dissipating structure includes a thermal conductive lower metal layer, an electric insulating ceramic layer, a patterned upper metal layer and an electronic component. The electric insulating ceramic layer is disposed on and bonded to the thermal conductive lower metal layer. The patterned upper metal layer is disposed on and bonded to the electric insulating ceramic layer. The patterned upper metal layer is a single-layered metal layer and has an opening from which the electric insulating ceramic layer is exposed. The electronic component is disposed in the opening of the patterned upper metal layer, mounted on the electric insulating ceramic layer through a thermally conductive adhesive or solder, and electrically connected to the patterned upper metal layer.
US07746636B2
An exemplary electronic device (30) includes a main body (40) and two supporting mechanisms (60). The supporting mechanisms are formed at two adjacent corners of the main body respectively. Each supporting mechanism includes a support leg (62) and a sliding member (63). The support leg is rotatably connected to the main body. The sliding member is slidably connected to the main body. The support leg is movably connected to the sliding member, in order to make the support leg disengage form the sliding member when the sliding member sliding relative to the main body.
US07746635B2
A chip card catching mechanism installed in a body of a portable electronic device for receiving and securing a chip card is provided. The chip card catching mechanism includes a base, a housing, and a hatch. The base includes a connector arranged thereon for electrically connecting to the chip card. The housing includes a top cover and a circumferential wall extending from edges of the top cover. The top cover is arranged over the connector of the base with the wall therebetween and a hatchway is defined on the circumferential wall. The hatch is rotatably fixed to on two sides of the hatchway for exposing or hiding the hatchway. Further, a portable electronic device using the chip card catching mechanism is also provided.
US07746630B2
A computer enclosure includes a bottom plate (12), a rear plate (14), and a mounting plate (60). The rear plate is perpendicular to the bottom plate for securing an expansion card (100) thereon. The mounting plate is perpendicularly secured on the bottom plate for securing a riser card (80) thereon, and perpendicular to the rear plate. A receiving structure (66) is defined in the mounting plate for a socket (88) formed on the riser card inserting therethrough to electronically receive a part of the expansion card.
US07746625B2
A computer front bezel includes a main body, a sliding cover, and two elastic members. The main body defines two substantially opposite sliding grooves. The sliding cover includes two posts slidably received in the sliding grooves of the main body respectively. The two elastic members are connected to the sliding cover and the main body. One end of each of the elastic members is rotatably connected to the main body, and the other end of each of the elastic members is rotatably connected to the sliding cover. The sliding cover is capable of moving between a first, a second and a third state. The first state is that the sliding cover is in a closed position and the two posts are approximately located at first end of the grooves. The second state is that the sliding cover is between the first and third state, and the elastic members exert more force than when the sliding cover is in the first or third state. The third state is that the sliding cover is in an open position and the posts are approximately located at second end of the grooves.
US07746624B2
A current transformer cabinet is disclosed having an electrical meter coupled to current transformers. One or more disconnect switches arranged between the source conductors and the load conductors. The disconnect switches include a link member that allows the disconnecting of electrical service from the load conductors by rotation of the link from a first position to a second position.
US07746622B2
A stun gun with an extendable electric shock distance has a high voltage electric arc generator and a conductive liquid supplier. The high voltage electric arc generator generates a high voltage electric arc. A conductive liquid fills with inside the conductive liquid supplier. When the conductive liquid is spurted from the conductive liquid supplier, the conductive liquid is passing through the high voltage electric arc. Since the conductive liquid has conductance, the conductive liquid spurted from the stun gun is able to extend an electric shock distance.
US07746619B2
A clutch actuator for an electromechanical clutch having a solenoid actuating coil initially provides power to the solenoid at a high rate by using a high duty cycle pulse with a modulated controller. When the initial engagement of the clutch elements is sensed by a decrease in current, the duty cycle of the pulse with modulator is reduced and thereafter increased in a control fashion to accomplish a soft start.
US07746608B2
An ESD protection circuit (710) is guarded by a parallel first precharge elimination circuit (720) relative to an I/O pad (721) and a parallel second precharge elimination circuit (730) relative to a VDD pad (731). The precharge elimination circuits are synchronized with the ESD protection circuit to eliminate any precharge voltage to ground before an ESD pulse affects the I/O pad or VDD pad. A diode (722) is connected between I/O pad and VDD. Circuit (720) is between I/O pad and ground (740) and is powered by the same VDD. Circuit (720) includes a first resistor (723), a first nMOS transistor (724), and a first RC timer including a second resistor (725) and a first capacitor (726). Circuit (730) includes a third resistor (733), a second nMOS transistor (734), and a second RC timer including a fourth resistor (735) and a second capacitor (736).
US07746606B2
According to an exemplary embodiment, an integrated circuit includes a first circuit block having a first power bus. The integrated circuit further includes a second circuit block having a second power bus, where the first power bus is isolated from the second power bus. The integrated circuit further includes a first dedicated ESD bus, where the first dedicated ESD bus provides a discharge path from the first power bus to the second power bus and from the second power bus to the first power bus. The first power bus can be coupled to the first dedicated ESD bus by a first pair to bi-directional diodes, and the second power bus can be coupled to the first dedicated ESD bus by a second pair of bi-directional diodes.
US07746604B2
In an off-road vehicle having a resistor grid network and a blower system as part of a braking system operable to determine at least one of a resistor failure and a blower failure, the system including a first series of resistors connected in series, a second series of resistors connected in series, a blower cross to at least one of the first series of resistors and the second series of resistors, a sensor proximate at least one of the first series of resistors, the second series of resistors, and the blower, wherein each individual resistor in the first series connected in parallel to an individual resistor in the second series, and wherein when at least one of a current value, blower speed, and voltage value changes, the grid network is disconnected.
US07746603B2
A magnetoresistive sensor and method for forming the magnetoresistive sensor. The magnetoresistive sensor includes a first layer and an antiparallel free layer disposed on the first layer. The antiparallel free layer includes a first free layer disposed on the first layer and a first ferromagnetic coupling free layer disposed on the first free layer. The first ferromagnetic coupling layer is configured to provide increased coupling between the first free layer and an antiferromagnetic coupling layer. The antiparallel free layer also includes the antiferromagnetic coupling layer disposed on the first ferromagnetic coupling free layer, a second ferromagnetic coupling free layer disposed on the antiferromagnetic coupling layer, and a second free layer disposed on the second ferromagnetic coupling free layer. The second ferromagnetic coupling layer is configured to provide increased coupling between the second free layer and the antiferromagnetic coupling layer.
US07746601B2
An area of an element can be made small and fluctuation in area can be reduced. A magneto-resistance effect element is provided with a first electrode with an end face; a magneto-resistance effect film which is formed such that a surface thereof comes in contact with the end face of the first electrode; and a second electrode which is formed on another surface of the magneto-resistance effect element opposed from the surface coming in contact with the surface of the first electrode. The magneto-resistance effect film includes a magnetization pinned layer whose magnetization direction is pinned, a magnetization free layer whose magnetization direction is changeable, and a first non-magnetic layer which is provided between the magnetization pinned layer and the magnetization free layer.
US07746593B2
According to one embodiment, a disk drive is disclosed which has an offset measuring function for measuring a dynamic offset value necessary to a dynamic offset control using a DTM (discrete track media) type disk. A CPU (microprocessor) included in the disk drive writes offset measuring position information to an optimum position of lands on the disk and calculates a dynamic offset value based on the offset measuring position information.
US07746591B2
Methods and apparatus to provide dynamically biased write drivers for hard disk drive applications are described. According to one example, a hard disk drive write system includes a drive signal generator to receive data to be written to a hard disk drive platter and to generate drive signals including a boost signal. A drive circuit is configured to receive the drive signals and to generate currents for output to the transmission line based thereon, wherein the currents include a boost current. A variable bias circuit is configured to detect the boost signal generated by the drive signal generator and to vary a bias signal provided to the impedance matching circuit based on the detection of the boost signal. In such an example arrangement, the impedance matching circuit matches impedances between the drive circuit and the transmission line in response to the bias signal provided by the variable bias circuit.
US07746579B2
A lens actuator includes a housing, a plurality of magnets, a base, and a coil-wrapped lens barrel. The housing includes a top panel, and a plurality of side panels cooperatively defining an accommodating space. The top panel defines a light passage. Each of the magnets is attached to an inner surface of each side panel. The base is fixed to an end of the housing and is opposite to the top panel. The lens barrel is resiliently mounted on the base, and is accommodated in the accommodating space.
US07746577B2
The present invention provides an imaging system, includes a substrate, an image sensor fixed on the substrate includes a sensing area, a fixing board located on the substrate, at least two micro-lens modules, and at least two optical fibers with input ends respectively positioned in the micro-lens modules and output ends positioned to the fixing board, the output ends of the fibers directing to different portions of the sensing area.
US07746575B2
A support mechanism for supporting an optical element includes a first support member for supporting the optical element, a second support member coupled to the first support member via an elastic member, and a forcing member for applying a force to the elastic member to adjust a position and/or an orientation of the optical element.
US07746570B2
Each of a plurality of Fresnel prisms 12 is formed so that a refractive surface 12 thereof includes a non-light incidence surface 12c upon which any light ray emitted from a projector 1 is not directly incident because it is intercepted by another Fresnel prism 12, the non-light incidence surface having an angle τ′ with a reflective surface 12b which is different from the prism apex angle τ of each of the plurality of Fresnel prisms. As a result, a light ray reflected by the refractive surface 12a of each of the plurality of Fresnel prisms without passing through the refractive surface can be preventing from emerging, as unnecessary light, toward the viewer's line of sight.
US07746566B2
An observation optical system has a negative lens unit including a cemented lens, arranged at the most object-side position; an annular reflecting mirror placed on the image side of the negative lens unit, with a reflecting surface facing the image side; and an imaging lens unit arranged on the image side of the negative lens unit and the annular reflecting mirror.
US07746565B2
An optical lens includes a recessed part and a refracting part. The recessed part has a substantially circular plan view and a substantially V shaped cross-section. The recessed part forms an angle of no more than an angle of about 20° with respect to a vertical line. The recessed part has a plurality of curved surfaces including different radii so that a light incident into the recessed part is totally reflected from the curved surfaces. The refracting part has a substantially circular plan view extended from the recessed part. A light incident into the refracting part and the reflected light from the recessed part are refracted from the refracting part. Therefore, a luminance uniformity and a color uniformity are improved.
US07746564B2
A lens barrel includes a first optical element that is allowed to move along an optical axis, a first driven member connected to the first optical element, a second optical element disposed in the optical axis of the first optical element, which is allowed to move along the optical axis, a second driven member connected to the second optical element, a first drive shaft disposed substantially parallel to the optical axis to drive the first driven member along the optical axis, a second drive shaft disposed substantially parallel to the optical axis to drive the second driven member along the optical axis, a first drive unit connected to an end of the first drive shaft to drive the first drive shaft, and a second drive unit connected to an end of the second drive shaft to drive the second drive shaft and disposed at a position that partially overlaps a position of the first drive unit when viewed from the direction of the optical axis.
US07746561B2
A projection optical system which projects an image of a first object onto a second object includes a plurality of lenses and a plurality of aperture stops for determining a numerical aperture. The plurality of aperture stops include a first aperture stop having an opening whose size can be changed, and a second aperture stop having an opening whose size can be changed. The first and second aperture stops are positioned nearer to the second object than a lens having the maximum effective diameter among the lenses included in an imaging optical system nearest to the second object. At least one of the first and second aperture stops is positioned at or near the pupil of the imaging optical system. The range of the numerical aperture determined by the first aperture stop is larger than the range of the numerical aperture determined by the second aperture stop.
US07746555B2
A polarization component, capable of efficiently reflecting an obliquely transmitted light beam toward a light source without degrading the transmission-polarization property of a perpendicular incident light beam, is provided. A C-plate having an oblique retardation of at least λ/8 with respect to a light beam inclined by at least 30° is disposed between at least two reflective circular polarizer layers whose selective reflection wavelength bands of polarized light overlapping each other. A combination of a reflective linear polarizer and a quarter wavelength plate may be used instead of the reflective circular polarizer. Alternatively, a combination of two reflective linear polarizer layers and two quarter wavelength plate layers (Nz≧2) disposed therebetween can provide a similar effect. Further, a combination of two reflective linear polarizer layers and a half wavelength plate (Nz≧1.5) disposed therebetween may be used. When reflective linear polarizer layers are used, they must be bonded together with their axial directions set at a certain angle. The polarization component is preferably used in various image display apparatuses such as liquid crystal display apparatuses and organic EL display apparatuses.
US07746547B2
A multi-band hybrid amplifier is disclosed for use in optical fiber systems. The amplifier uses Raman laser pumps and semiconductor optical amplifiers in series to produce a relatively level gain across the frequency range of interest. Multiple Raman pumps are multiplexed before coupling into the fiber. The Raman amplified optical signal may be demultiplexed and separately amplified by the SOAs before re-multiplexing. Gain profiles of the Raman pumps and the SOAs are selected to compensate for gain tilt and to alleviate the power penalty due to cross-gain modulation in the SOAs. The disclosed hybrid amplifier is especially useful in coarse wavelength division multiplexing (CWDM) systems.
US07746538B2
An image display system includes an improved hinge for a micro-mirror device composed of a conductive-doped semiconductor and immune to plastic deformation at typical to extreme temperatures. The hinge is directly connected to the micro-mirror device and facilitates the manufacturing of an optically flat micro-mirror. This eliminates Fraunhofer diffraction due to recesses on the reflective surface of the micro-mirror. In addition, the hinge is hidden from incoming light thus improving contrast and fill-factor. The image display system further includes signal transmission metal traces formed on areas between the doped semiconductor hinges. The signal transmission metal traces are formed either before or after a high temperature crystallization process is applied to the hinges.
US07746533B2
Disclosed herein are electrochromic devices using a very low band-gap conjugated polymer having a band gap (Eg) of less than or equal to about 1.5 eV, and having little or no electrochromism in the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum.
US07746532B2
In an optical switch, a set of coherent electromagnetic radiation is selectively delayed and recombined to produce constructively or destructively combined radiation. When the radiation is constructively combined, a signal is transmitted out of the switch to a remote receiver. When the radiation is destructively combined, a signal is not transmitted out of the switch to a remote receiver.
US07746530B2
An image display device having an optical modulation element, which modulates light emitted from a light source according to display information, and displaying a display image based on the display information includes: a unit adjusting the amount of illumination light with respect to light emitted from the light source on the basis of brightness information on the brightness of the display image based on the display information; a color conversion processing unit that performs a color conversion process according to the brightness information with respect to the display information so that the display image can be color-reproduced within a predetermined color space; and a display and driving unit that drives the optical modulation element on the basis of the display information having been subjected to the color conversion process so as to display the display image.
US07746529B2
This invention relates to display apparatuses having an array of light modulators and a plurality of spacers distributed within the interior of the array. The display apparatus may also include a reflective aperture layer disposed on a front facing surface of a substrate included in the display apparatus.
US07746528B2
A galvanometer mirror rotates in one direction when the galvanometer mirror is used. A spot can be scanned on an irradiated surface at a more constant speed by rotating the galvanometer mirror and by using the inertia. Moreover, it is preferable to make the galvanometer mirror heavy because the inertia becomes higher so that the spot is scanned at a more constant speed. In addition, in a polygon mirror of this invention, mirrors are arranged so as not to contact each other because a change time of the scanning position between the mirrors is provided. By moving the irradiated object with timing together when the laser light is not irradiated, the laser process can be performed efficiently.
US07746526B2
An image processing method generates a color separation table, the color separation table being used in converting an image signal to a signal for a colorant for use in a printer and storing grid-point data as the colorant signal so as to associate the grid-point data with a grid point defined by the image signal. The image processing method includes obtaining data of a first color separation table and generating a second color separation table based on the difference between a maximum allowable amount of colorant discharge for the first color separation table and a maximum allowable amount of colorant discharge for the second color separation table and the data of the first color separation table so that a total amount of colorant discharge of the second color separation table does not exceed the maximum allowable amount of colorant discharge for the second color separation table.
US07746516B2
An image scanning method includes pre-scanning a first document to generate a first original image according to the first document; adjusting parameter settings of the first original image to generate and store a plurality of pre-view images corresponding to different sets of parameters; pre-scanning a second document to generate a second original image according to the second document; and scanning the second document to generate a plurality of scanning images according to the different sets of parameters of the pre-view images. The parameter settings of the first original image include brightness, shadow, and contrast settings.
US07746513B2
A scanner including a light source, an optical module, a driving device, and a control unit is provided. The light source emits a light beam to the to-be-scanned document. The optical module includes a photo sensing device for receiving the light beam reflected by the to-be-scanned document. The driving device includes a position detecting device, for detecting a position of the optical module relative to the to-be-scanned document, and outputting a position feedback signal accordingly. The control unit includes a light source controller and a timer. The scanning method includes the steps of setting the value of K to 1; moving the optical module to read the Kth scan line and adjusting the luminance of the light source to compensate exposure level of the (K+1)th scan line; and determining if K is smaller than N.
US07746506B2
An image production method and system in which enhanced eye-marks are utilized. A method embodiment includes receiving image production instructions directing the production of an image. Enhanced eye-mark data is generated for an enhanced eye-mark having an instructive portion and a descriptive portion. An image forming device is caused to form the image and the enhanced eye-mark on print media.
US07746500B2
An image forming apparatus according to this invention includes an image processing unit configured to input pre-image processing image data and perform various image processing, a storage unit configured to store the pre-image processing image data and repeatedly read out and output the stored pre-image processing image data to the image processing unit, and a printing unit configured to print post-image processing image data outputted from the image processing unit. With the image forming apparatus according to this invention, the work efficiency in adjustment of image processing parameters can be improved.
US07746499B2
A color image processing system outputs data to a color image forming unit for forming a color visible image by overlapping a plurality of color developers. The color image processing system includes a print data receiving unit that receives print data, a bitmap data producing unit that produces bitmap data having colors that correspond to the plurality of color developers from the print data, a data size determining unit that determines a data size of the bitmap data, and a degrading unit. When the data size determined by the data size determining unit is greater than a predetermined size, the degrading unit produces bitmap data having fewer colors, wherein a predetermined color is removed from the colors corresponding to the plurality of color developers.
US07746496B2
A system includes a portion for receiving a transmission comprising a digitized document including a digitized computer network destination associated with a recipient from a user using a facsimile device, a portion for determining a telephone number for the facsimile device, an OCR portion for determining the computer network destination for the recipient from the digitized computer network destination for the recipient, a portion for determining an attachment from the digitized document, and a portion for sending the attachment to the computer network destination for the recipient including a service provider name, wherein the transmission is associated a pay-per-use service charge that may be asserted against the telephone number associated with the facsimile transmission device.
US07746493B2
A method for managing a job sent from an information processing apparatus to a network device to process the job. The method includes managing job information representing status of the job processing which changes in a time series manner, deleting the job information after lapse of a predetermined time after completing the job processing by the network device, acquiring the managed job information, recognizing whether or not the job information has already been deleted, and recognizing that the job processing is completed responsive to one of recognizing that the job information has already been deleted and acquiring the job information that the job processing is completed.
US07746479B2
A measuring device for measuring a wavefront aberration of an optical system includes a first mask for defining light that enters the optical system, and a second mask having first to fourth openings. The first opening transmits a component of the light passing through the optical system without removing information about the wavefront aberration of the optical system, and the second to fourth openings transmit components of the light passing through the optical system having the information about the wavefront aberration of the optical system removed.
US07746475B2
A new high-performance, compact microgyroscope is implemented using a microlaser such as a microsphere laser or a microdisc laser that can be easily reduced in size. The microgyroscope includes a pumping unit for inputting pumping light for optical pumping, at least one microsphere or microdisc for oscillating a laser beam by performing optical pumping using light received from the pumping unit, an output coupler for receiving the oscillated laser beam from the microsphere or microdisc, and a photodetector for calculating a beat frequency due to interference between beams output from the output coupler to measure rotation. The pumping unit and the output coupler are constructed using a tapered optical fiber.
US07746474B2
A color identifying device includes a mount block, a color detector, a lens and a color identifier. A reactive board having a plurality of surfaces to be measured in respective predetermined positions is mounted in the mount block. The color detector has a plurality of color measuring areas corresponding respectively to the reaction surfaces of the reactive board mounted in the mount block. The lens forms images of the surfaces of the reactive board mounted in the mount block on the respective color measuring areas. The color identifier identifies the colors of the surfaces based on output signals from the corresponding color measuring areas.
US07746473B2
A method for precise endpoint detection during etch processing of a substrate based on adaptive filtering of the optical emission spectrum (OES) data, even in low open area etching, is provided. Endpoint detection performed in this manner offers the benefits of increased signal-to-noise ratio and decreased computation costs and delay when compared to conventional endpoint detection techniques.
US07746470B2
The present invention relates to an optical scanning device that comprises a light source to emit a beam of light, and a beam splitter to split that beam into several beamlets, and further a first objective lens to direct said beamlets onto a focal plane wherein each of said beamlets impinges on the focal plane spacially separated from each other, wherein the beam splitter comprises several birefringent elements for splitting said beam, preferably a stack of Wollaston prisms.
US07746466B2
A flow cytometry system and related method, among other things, are disclosed. In at least one embodiment, the system includes first, second, and intermediate slab formations, the last of which has formed therewithin a microfluidic channel, a lens structure arranged proximate the microfluidic channel, and a light conveying structure arranged proximate to the lens structure. The lens structure is configured to direct a portion of light to proceed between the channel and the conveying structure. The intermediate slab formation is sandwiched between the other two slab formations. In at least another embodiment, the system includes a microfluidic prism arranged proximate to the second end of a light conveying structure. Light emanating from a microfluidic channel is provided to the conveying structure at the first end, conveyed to the second end, and provided to the prism, which outputs a plurality of portions of the light at different frequencies in different directions.
US07746465B2
The sample holder includes support having a thickness and an aperture through the thickness of the support. A tilt mechanism is connected to the support for controlled tilting of the support, and the aperture through the support is configured to have a diameter that increases in a direction through the thickness of the support. This arrangement enables a light beam to pass through the same given area of the sample, irrespective of whether the sample is held perpendicular to the beam or held at a tilted position relative to the beam. In one embodiment, the holder includes an efficient magnetic clamp mechanism for securing the sample to the holder. The holder compactly integrates with tilting mechanisms a sample rotation mechanism.
US07746459B2
Systems configured to inspect a wafer are provided. One system includes an illumination subsystem configured to illuminate an area on the wafer by directing light to the wafer at an oblique angle of incidence. The system also includes a collection subsystem configured to simultaneously collect light scattered from different spots within the illuminated area and to focus the light collected from the different spots to corresponding positions in an image plane. In addition, the system includes a detection subsystem configured to separately detect the light focused to the corresponding positions in the image plane and to separately generate output responsive to the light focused to the corresponding positions in the image plane. The output can be used to detect defects on the wafer.
US07746455B2
A testing system measures central angles of filter segments of a color wheel. The color wheel includes a color filter, which includes three sector-shaped filter segments and a motor for driving the filter segments to rotate. The testing system includes a sensor and a processor. The sensor emits light toward the color filter and receives light reflected back by the color filter, and generates an impulse signal according to intensity changes of the light reflected back by the color filter. The impulse signal includes a plurality of boundary impulses corresponding to boundaries formed between adjacent filter segments. The processor calculates central angles of the filter segments according to relationships between the boundary impulses.
US07746449B2
A light detection and ranging system includes a mirror unit rotating around a scan axis. The mirror unit includes a receiving portion and a transmitting portion offset by an angle about the scan axis relative to a surface plane of the receiving portion. Respective centroids of the receiving and transmitting portions are positioned at a common point on the scan axis while the receiving and transmitting portions rotate around the scan axis. A transmitter transmits a light pulse toward the mirror unit. The transmitting portion is positioned to reflect the light pulse toward a target. A receiver is positioned to reflect the light pulse reflected from the target toward the receiver. The angle offset compensates for a change between a cone of illumination of the transmitting portion and a field-of-view of the receiving portion resulting from the rotation of the mirror unit.
US07746448B2
A measuring apparatus (1) for contactless detection of a distance between a surface (7) of a measurement object (8) and the measuring apparatus (1), and for simultaneous contactless visual detection of the surface (7), has a measuring head (2) holding a distance measuring device (4), a camera apparatus (5) and an illumination device (6), the illumination device (6) illuminating an operating point (9) on the surface (7) of the measurement object (8) that is simultaneously focused by the camera apparatus (5) and the distance measuring device (4). On an optical axis (10), between the illumination device (6) and the operating point (9), a mirror and filter device (11), that has at least one dichroic mirror (12) that transmits or reflects light beams as a function of wavelength, and thereby splits light reflected by the operating point (9) between the distance measuring device (4) and the camera apparatus (5), is provided.
US07746447B2
An immersion lithographic apparatus has a plurality of substrate holders arranged to hold substrates, each substrate holder having a conduit therein for passing a temperature control fluid. The thermal responses of the different substrate holders are calibrated and flow rates calculated and used so that all the holders return to a predetermined temperature in the same time.
US07746439B2
The present invention provides a mounting film for a liquid crystal display drive chip and a method for manufacturing the same. The mounting film is provided with a slit cut from a side edge thereof, or provided with a weakened line for forming the slit. When a distance between a liquid crystal display panel and a control circuit substrate of the liquid crystal display unit is un-uniform, the opening degree of the slit is variable accordingly to accommodate variations in the distance. Such a COF mounting film for a liquid crystal display drive chip may be generally used even though a distance between the liquid crystal display panel and the control circuit substrate varies slightly. Therefore, the manufacturing cost of the liquid crystal display unit may be reduced.
US07746434B2
An LCD apparatus including a first member, a second member, a liquid crystal layer and an optical film assembly is presented. A phase delay of the optical film assembly is about −α. In a normally white mode, the phase delay of the liquid crystal layer is about (λ/2)+α when no voltage is applied and about “α” when voltage is applied. In a normally black mode, the phase delay of the liquid crystal layer is about “α” when no voltage is applied, and about (λ/2)+α when voltage is applied. The phase delay between the liquid crystal layer when voltage is applied and the liquid crystal layer when voltage is not applied is about λ/2. “α” is a positive number. By manipulating the value of α, power consumption can be reduced. For example, the apparatus can be driven with a voltage below 2.5 V.
US07746422B2
An exemplary liquid crystal display device (100) includes a first frame (11), a liquid crystal panel (12), a backlight unit (13) for providing uniform light for the liquid crystal panel, and a second frame (14) cooperating with the first frame to define a space receiving the liquid crystal panel and the backlight unit. The backlight unit includes a reflector (17) and a lamp (16) received in the reflector. The reflector includes a hook (175). The second frame includes a through hole (145). The hook engages in the through hole, thereby facilitating the fixing of the reflector to the second frame.
US07746421B2
An optical element comprising: a polarizing element (A), separating incident light into polarization to then emit light, and made of a cholesteric liquid crystal, and a linearly polarized light reflection polarizer (B) transmitting linearly polarized light with one polarization axis and selectively reflecting linearly polarized light with the other polarization axis perpendicular to the one polarization axis, wherein the polarizing element (A) has a distortion rate with respect to emitting light to incident light in the normal direction of 0.5 or more and a distortion rate with respect to emitting light to incident light at an angle inclined from the normal direction by 60 degrees or more of 0.2 or less, the polarizing element (A) has a function increasing a linearly polarized light component of emitting light as incidence angle is larger; is capable of condensation and collimation of incident light from a light source and capable of suppressing transmission of light in an arbitrary direction.
US07746418B2
To provide an inexpensive and flexible conductive thin film which is excellent in carrier mobility and electric conductivity and which is formed by highly orienting nanotube or an electronic functional organic material by simple and convenient means, as well as a thin film transistor using the conductive thin film.A conductive thin film (1) is formed by mixing a first material (5) having electric conductivity or semiconductivity and a second material (6) to prepare a mixture and orienting the mixture by utilizing liquid crystallinity thereof.
US07746415B2
Disclosed herein is a liquid crystal device which includes first and second substrates which face each other and a liquid crystal layer interposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, and transitions an alignment state of liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer from a spray alignment to a bend alignment to perform display or optical modulation, the liquid crystal device including: a protrusion which is provided on at least one of the first substrate and the second substrate at the side of the liquid crystal layer and has a concave portion; and an alignment film which is provided on the surfaces of the first substrate and the second substrate at the side of the liquid crystal layer so as to cover the surface of the protrusion including the concave portion.
US07746400B2
An imager and method of operating an imager employing multi-column shared readout circuitry. Columns of a pixel array are organized into groups, each group having a respective multi-column shared readout circuit. The columns of each group are readout serially but in parallel with the columns of other groups. Each multi-column shared readout circuit may comprise a black level correction clamp, a multi-column analog gain amplifier, a analog-to-digital converter, a digital offset correction block, and a digital gain calibration block. A single-column analog gain amplifier may amplify an analog pixel signal value of each column prior to processing by a respective multi-column shared readout circuit.
US07746399B2
A pixel portion of an image pick-up device having a pixel portion of pixels arranged in matrix converting a subject image to an electric signal, and a scanning unit of sub-scanning circuits outputting a video signal, a first scanning circuit selecting a pixel position in a first matrix direction and a second scanning circuit selecting a pixel position in a second direction intersecting the first direction. One of the first and second scanning circuits shares the signal lines. The image pick-up device includes a scanning control circuit controlling the first and second scanning circuits. The pixel area structures of the pickup device are uniform, the wirings are uniform, and the vertical and horizontal driving systems and an output system are uniform. Thus, pixel signals outputted from two output systems have no property differences and image quality is improved.
US07746396B2
A method of creating an image file in an imaging device, and an imaging device are provided. The method comprises providing an image sensor comprising pixels with an infrared filter arrangement so that some of the pixels of the sensor may be exposed to all wavelengths and some of the pixels of the sensor are blocked from infrared wavelengths. The pixels of the sensor that may be exposed to all wavelengths are utilized when taking an infrared image and the pixels of the sensor that are blocked from infrared wavelengths are utilized when taking a normal image.
US07746393B2
A deficiency candidate detection circuit detects a deficient pixel candidate by comparing the image signal of a target pixel with the image signals of peripheral pixels, and address information of the deficient pixel candidate is stored in a position memory circuit. A deficiency determining circuit repeats the determination of a deficient pixel a number of times based on the address information stored in the position memory circuit, and determines address information of a deficient pixel from the continuity of the determination results. A deficiency registering circuit registers the determined address information in the position memory circuit. A deficiency correction circuit corrects the image signal of the deficient pixel according to the registered address information of the deficient pixel.
US07746389B2
A digital camera generates principal image data of a predetermined size and backup image data of a maximum size, and records the principal image data and the backup image data in a memory card and an internal memory respectively. In a resize processing in a replay mode, if the backup image data corresponding to the principal image data has been recorded, and a designated size is larger than the principal image data, a resize processing section reads the backup image data from the internal memory and performs the resize processing to the backup image data.
US07746380B2
The present invention provides a video surveillance system which tracks a tracking target by a plurality of surveillance cameras. This system is capable of tracking completely the location of the tracking target even in case the camera picture is automatically changed in accordance with the moving of the tracking target. The system includes a moving direction detector for detecting the moving direction of a tracking target. Moreover, the system has storage units for storing the passage configuration of a surveillance zone and the camera location information. The system also has a camera selector for identifying a camera which will shoot the tracking target next in accordance with the moving direction information, passage configuration information and camera location information, and a screen composition unit for synthesizing on a screen a picture from a camera shooting the tracking target and a picture from a camera selected by the camera selector.
US07746379B2
A camera is used to sense cargo in a cargo space. An image of at least a portion of a cargo space is captured using the camera, and a digital signal processor classifies the image as representing an empty cargo space or a non-empty cargo space. Additionally, a type of cargo represented by the captured image may also be classified by the digital signal processor and an indication of the type of cargo output.
US07746366B2
An image output apparatus which outputs a high quality image by using a small number of pixel clock generation units, for use with a printing engine which has a plurality of laser beam control units. The image output apparatus includes a plurality of output units which output video signals based on print data to the respective laser beam control units in synchronization with a clock signal; and a plurality of clock control units which are arranged in correspondence with respective groups, that are prepared by grouping the plurality of output units, so as to decrease an optical path difference between laser beams controlled by the corresponding laser beam control unit. Each of the clock control units generates the clock signal on the basis of a synchronizing signal generated in the printing engine, and outputs the generated clock signal to output units belonging to a corresponding group.
US07746360B2
A method and apparatus for viewing digital images is provided. A digital image may be viewed using a digital image system that employs a virtual loupe. A virtual loupe comprises a lens region and a target region. A user may position the target region over a portion of a screen, which may correspond to a digital image, to cause a depiction of visual information associated with the portion of the screen identified by target region to be displayed in the lens region. The user can configure the virtual loupe to display visual information in the lens region at different levels of magnification. The lens may automatically move and change in orientation with respect to the target region as the target region moves on the display to ensure that the display of the lens region on the display is always unobscured.
US07746359B2
A signal processing device, signal processing method, and program and recording medium whereby images and the like closer approximating real world signals can be obtained. The signal processing device includes a movement vector setting unit, a model generator, an equation generator, and a real world waveform estimating unit.
US07746357B2
Two or more graphics planes are combined according to a scheme that circumvents mixing of certain regions to conserve resources. Although some mixing is circumvented, the outputted display image remains visually adequate.
US07746353B2
An embodiment of the invention provides an apparatus and method of selecting a color for a border frame. The apparatus and method permit a selector to be placed on an object image and select a color for the border frame, based on a location of the selector on the object image.
US07746351B2
A method for dividing a display into zones at system initialization for tracking which zones have any pixels revised so that, when the time comes to update the display, only the zones requiring revision (that is, those zones in which any pixel has been revised) are copied from shadow memory to the frame buffer for display on the display device. The memory for tracking these zones can be allocated at initialization and held since it is relatively small. Consequently, a significant performance gain may be achieved by avoiding the shortcomings of the existing methods in the art notwithstanding the fact that some “clean” pixels in each zone having even a single changed pixel are also rewritten to the frame buffer.
US07746339B2
Systems and methods for automatic detection of dental features, such as cusps, ridges, and grooves, are disclosed. In accordance with an exemplary embodiment, a computer-implemented system and method for automatic detection of dental features for an occlusal surface of a patient's tooth comprises receiving three dimensional data for the tooth's occlusal surface, projecting the three dimensional data into a two dimensional plane, forming a height map from the projected three dimensional data, and detecting a set of points from the height map.
US07746335B2
A display device for a liquid crystal display (LCD) panel using a RGBW color filter and a display method thereof are provided. The display device includes a source driver and a MSHD(Multi-Switch Half source Driving) display panel. The display method includes arranging the RGB color filter onto the MSHD display panel; using the source driver to drive a plurality of pixels of the MSHD display panel in a polarity-dot-inversion form; and displaying a frame formed of the plurality of pixels of the MSHD display panel which are in polarity-dot-inversion form via the light passing through the RGBW color filter.
US07746334B2
A driving apparatus of a liquid crystal display device includes a liquid crystal display panel display a video signal by use of a liquid crystal cell of a matrix shape. A plurality of data drive circuits generate a polarity pattern of the video signal in accordance with a polarity signal and supply the polarity pattern to the liquid crystal cell through a plurality of output channels. A polarity controller controls the polarity signal and supplies the polarity signal to the data drive circuits on the basis of a first selection signal corresponding to the number of the output channels of one drive circuit and a second selection signal corresponding to a repetition period of the polarity pattern.
US07746333B2
The present invention intends to realize a narrow frame of a system on panel. In addition to this, a system mounted on a panel is intended to make higher and more versatile in the functionality. In the invention, on a panel on which a pixel portion (including a liquid crystal element, a light-emitting element) and a driving circuit are formed, integrated circuits that have so far constituted an external circuit are laminated and formed. Specifically, of the pixel portion and the driving circuit on the panel, on a position that overlaps with the driving circuit, any one kind or a plurality of kinds of the integrated circuits is formed by laminating according to a transcription technique.
US07746329B2
A display apparatus include a connector, a readable/writable EDID storage to store EDID, and a controller to control the EDID storage to be write-protected from error data transmitted from a computer through the connector. With this configuration, the display apparatus and a method of controlling the same can prevent error data from being stored in an EDID storage.
US07746323B1
A 5-direction key operating device is provided in which the structure of diaphragm contacts disposed on a printed circuit board is improved to allow five diaphragms to be disposed in a minimum space, and a single button key is enabled to operate the five diaphragms. Moreover, a 5-direction key operating device is provided in which an operation space can be reduced, and desired one of information displayed on a display section can be selected and determined by a smooth key operation without causing an erroneous operation.In each of diaphragm contacts on which diaphragms (4) that are arranged in the shape of a cross in correspondence with 5-direction keys are to be placed, a circular contact (1) which is a first contact, and strip-like contact portions (3a to 3d) which are elongated in a fan-like shape with respect to the center of the first contact (1) are disposed in a second contact (2) and in the side opposite to the side of the first contact (1). According to this configuration and arrangement, the space for disposing the diaphragm contacts can be reduced, and the whole device can be miniaturized and lightened. Five diaphragms are shown on the printed circuit board, and five pusher portions are disposed on a core face opposed to the diaphragms and on a key base. The height of the upper, lower, right, and left pusher portions is set to be different from that of the center pusher portion.
US07746319B2
The present invention provides an image display device capable of freely changing a scanning direction of an image display medium including support plates, first and second electrode groups provided at the plates and colored particles provided between the plates, including first and second electrode-driving components which receive electrode-designation signals and apply voltages to the designated electrodes in the first and second electrode groups, and which can apply voltage to plural electrodes simultaneously, a line-image-data generation component which generates line-image-data for line images to be displayed along scan electrodes in accordance with a scanning direction, and a signal-output-destination-switching component, in accordance with the scanning direction, which outputs a first electrode designation signal for designating a scan electrode of a line image and a second electrode designation signal for designating an electrode to be driven for displaying the line image, to the first electrode driving component or the second electrode driving component.
US07746317B2
An exemplary liquid crystal display (200) has a liquid crystal panel (240); a gate driving circuit (230) configured for scanning the liquid crystal panel; a data driving circuit (220) configured for providing a plurality of gradation voltages to the liquid crystal panel; a photo sensor (241) configured for measuring a luminance of ambient light and generating a corresponding optical signal; a luminance control circuit (231) for receiving the optical signal from the photo sensor and transferring the optical signal to a measurement signal; a timing control circuit (210) configured for controlling the gate driving circuit and the data driving circuit; and a backlight circuit (270) for driving a light source to emit light beams for illuminating the liquid crystal panel, according to the measurement signal from the luminance control circuit.
US07746309B2
An exemplary liquid crystal display device (1) includes a first substrate (3), a second substrate (2) facing the first substrate, and a liquid crystal layer (4) sandwiched between the first substrate and the second substrate. The first substrate includes a plurality of scan lines (11); a plurality of first and second parallel data lines (12, 22) orthogonal to the scan lines; a plurality of first and second thin film transistors (14, 24), positioned near a crossing of a corresponding scan line and a corresponding first data line, respectively; a plurality of first and second pixel electrodes (15, 25) electrically coupled to the first and second thin film transistors, respectively; a plurality of first and second static display units (19, 29) for providing voltage to the first and second pixel electrodes in a static display mode.
US07746294B2
The apparatus, methods, system and devices of the present invention provides transflective LCD system structure wherein each pixel is composed of at least three reflective sub-pixels and at least one transmissive sub-pixel. The reflective sub-pixels have a color filter layer for displaying color reflective images and the transmissive sub-pixel it is driven by color sequential imaging method for displaying a color transmissive image. The configuration of the sub-pixels and the location of the sub-pixel electronics increases the aperture ratio of both transmissive sub-pixel and reflective sub-pixel to improve the image brightness and lower the overall power consumption of the device.
US07746282B2
Compact top-loaded, fractal monopole antenna system embodiments are provided for multi-band airborne operation over ultrabroadband ranges (e.g., 30 to 2000 MHz). These multi-band embodiments are self-contained, aerodynamic and compact (e.g., blade height less than 9.5 inches) and are power efficient with a low return loss (e.g., less than −7 dB). System embodiments include a set of impedance-matching circuits configured to substantially match an antenna impedance to a predetermined system impedance over a set of predetermined frequency bands. In an embodiment, at least one impedance-matching circuit includes a chain of selectable air-core inductors which are novelly arranged to improve radiation efficiency and prevent damage to support substrates. In an embodiment, a lowest-frequency one of the impedance-matching circuits is configured to process signals having a maximum wavelength λmax wherein a fractal member is configured with a length that does not exceed λmax/40. System embodiments are configured to respond to a variety of existing radio systems that send commands via different encoding formats.
US07746281B2
An antenna mounting assembly includes a stopper, a side wall, a retainer, and a fall-prevention latch on an instrument panel side of the assembly as an integral part of the panel. The fall-prevention latch and a folded part are engaged with each other for holding an antenna body. On the other hand, the antenna body is released from the instrument panel by disengaging the fall-prevention latch from the folded part.
US07746276B2
The multi-band antenna structure includes a first antenna having a band width about a middle frequency and a second antenna spaced and electrically isolated from the antenna. Ends of the second antenna are shorted to each other and the antenna floats electrically. The first and second antennas are planar and superimposed in parallel planes. At least two layers of dielectric material of a thickness is between the two antennas. A third layer of dielectric material of a third thickness is between the two antennas.
US07746275B2
A position detecting system includes an RFID terminal configured to transmit an identification information signal by radio; a plurality of receiving devices configured to receive the identification information signal; and a position detecting server configured to receive a reception notification of the identification information signal from each of the receiving device and configured to estimate a position of the RFID terminal. The RFID terminal includes a part configured to perform radio transmission of a plurality of identification information signals having different radio strengths. The position detecting server includes a part configured to integrate the reception notifications of the identification information signals having different radio strengths and configured to estimate the position of the RFID terminal.
US07746269B2
The transponder unit provided in a DME ground apparatus detects the transmission rate at which to transmit the pulse-pairs constituting a response signal. The threshold of the reception level of the pulse detection unit provided in the transponder unit is raised as the transmission rate increases.
US07746268B2
A transmitter (13) operates in an immediate scan after an initial acquisition or detection of an altered aircraft ID by a changed flight status, to transmit to an aircraft a sequence of interrogation signals requesting an aircraft ID transmission, a verifier (17) operates upon acquisition of a reply signal including an aircraft ID transmitted from a transponder on the aircraft, to store in a memory (17a) a mode S address assigned to the aircraft and the aircraft ID in an associating manner, and upon an occurrence of a storage of aircraft IDs associated with the mode S address in the memory (17a), to determine whether or not the aircraft ID is correct, depending on whether or not the aircraft IDs have a match therein, and a report generator (18) operates upon a determination for the aircraft ID to be correct, to prepare a target report using the aircraft ID.
US07746265B2
A system and method for suppressing radio frequency (“RF”) transmissions includes a transmitter for transmitting electronic signals that suppresses (e.g., prevents, disrupts, jams, interferes with or otherwise disables) RF transmissions. Some embodiments of the invention include a transmitter that suppresses one or more signals transmitted from a target transmitter in an RF transmission system to a target receiver in a wireless device operating in the RF transmission system to prevent, disrupt, jam, interfere with or otherwise disable an RF transmission between the target transmitter and the target receiver in the wireless device (i.e., target wireless device). These systems and methods may be used to interrupt communication, command and control of non-friendly combatant. These systems and methods may also be used to suppress RF transmissions to prevent the detonation of improvised explosive devices, or IEDs.
US07746264B1
An infrared camouflage coating system for application to the strategic surfaces of jet engine components comprised of a metal alloy substrate having an oxidized surface and a ferrous sulfide containing silicate glass bonded thereto.
US07746262B2
A method for coding a digital to analog converter of a successive approximation register analog to digital converter includes the steps of first switching capacitors associated with a bit from ground to a reference voltage. Next, a determination is made of whether a logical value of the bit is a first or a second value. If the logical value is the first value, capacitors associated with a next bit are switched from ground to a reference voltage. If the logical value is the second value, one half of the capacitors associated with the bit currently connected are switched from the reference voltage to ground.
US07746260B1
A multiplying digital-to-analog converter includes an operational amplifier (OP-amp) operated under a first power supply voltage and a second power supply voltage; an OP-amp input switch block coupled to a common mode voltage for selectively coupling the common mode voltage to input nodes of the OP-amp, wherein all switches included in the OP-amp input switch block are implemented utilizing PMOS transistors only, and the common mode voltage is substantially equal to the first power supply voltage; a capacitor block coupled to the OP-amp input switch block; a sampling switch block coupled to the input signal for selectively coupling the input signal to the capacitor block; a reference voltage switch block coupled to the capacitor block for selectively coupling the reference signal to the capacitor block; and a feedback switch block coupled between the capacitor block and output nodes of the OP-amp.
US07746257B2
A delta-sigma analog-to-digital converter (ADC) circuit improves performance by reducing the amount of noise and other error sampled by the reference switching circuit. The reference switching network is operated intermittently only when the charge on an input integrator exceeds a threshold, thereby preventing the input integrator from saturating, while avoiding needlessly injecting reference noise. The input to the ADC may be a current injected directly into a summing node of the integrator, or may be a voltage supplied through another switching network.
US07746251B2
A Serializer/Deserializer apparatus comprises a serializer adapted to take N parallel bits of data and shifts them out serially at N times a clock speed to a transmitter, a transmitter enable block adapted to start the serializer means, and a count block. The serializer comprises flip-flops and muxes, and is adapted to N parallel bits of data and shifts them out serially at N times a clock speed to a transmitter. The transmitter enable block comprises an inverter and flip-flops, and is adapted to start the serializer. The transmitter enable block comprises an inverter, flip-flops, and a NOR gate, and is adapted to create a waveform which programs data loading in the serializer.
US07746250B2
Communication of a compressed message over a communication channel between message processors. The compressed message may be expressed in terms of an expressed or implicit template identification, and values of one or more parameters. Based on the template identification, the meaning of the one or more parameters may be understood, whereas the meaning of the parameter(s) may not be understood without a knowledge of the template. The template provides semantic context for the one or more parameters. The transmitting message processor may have compressed the message using the identified template. Alternatively or in addition, the receiving message processor may decompress the message using the identified template. The template itself need not be part of the compressed message as transmitted.
US07746246B2
The invention relates to an enclosure for housing transmitter components of an Automatic Meter Reading (AMR) system electrically associated with a utility meter disposed in a substantially non-RF transparent location. The enclosure comprises a first section mechanically associated with a second section where the first section is disposed outside the non-RF transparent location, and said second section extends from said first section to a point within said non-RF transparent location. The first section may house an antenna and a transmitter while the second section may house a power source electrically associated with said transmitter.
US07746244B2
A remote control comprises object keys and a selector for linking preset IR or RF code sets to the object keys. The remote control comprises: —a selector for the selection of an IR or RF preset code set by a user, —an activator for the activation of one or more links between an element of said preset IR or RF code set and an object key by the user after the selection, —a selector for the subsequent selection of a further preset code set by the user and —repeat means for repeating the steps a and b for the further preset code set until all object keys have been linked or the user terminates the process. This allows the user to combine more than one preset code set into a single code set.
US07746243B2
A pump failure alarm device includes two digital-analog converting circuits (100, 110), a voltage sampling circuit (120), a controlling circuit (130), an I/O controller (U11), and an alarm circuit (140). The digital-analog converting circuits receive digital pulse signals from two pumps (200, 210), and respectively output a DC voltage signal at an output terminal when the pumps run normally. The voltage sampling circuit with two input terminals respectively coupled to the output terminals of the two digital-analog converting circuits, and outputs a first voltage signal when the two pumps run normally and outputs a second voltage signal when either or both of the pumps stop running. The controlling circuit receives the voltage signals from the voltage sampling circuit, and outputs a first control signal when it receives the first voltage signal and outputs a second control signal when it receives the second voltage signal. The I/O controller receives the control signals from the controlling circuit, and outputs an alarm signal when it receives the second control signal. The alarm circuit receives the alarm signal from the I/O controller, and activates an alarm.
US07746242B2
Electronic devices that include batteries can be adapted to provide one or more indications of a low battery condition. An electronic device such as a controller can include a battery and can be adapted to determine a first low battery condition. A first indication can be provided in response to the first low battery condition. In some cases, a second battery condition can be determined and a second indication can be provided in response to the second battery condition. The indications provided to the user can be made progressively more noticeable over time, until the battery is replaced.
US07746229B2
The invention concerns a system (1) to locate or track objects (2) that can be positioned on the work table (3) of a laboratory apparatus (4). To do this, the system (1) comprises at least: a) a central transmitter (5) with the capability to transmit and receive radio frequency (RF) signals, convert RF signals received and transfer the converted signals to a computer (7); b) a local unit (6) mounted on a surface (8) of the work table (3) with the capability to receive and transmit RF signals; c) radio frequency identification (RFID) tags (10) to be affixed to the local unit (6) and to articles of laboratory ware (15) that are to be identified and/or located or tracked; d) a work table (3) of a laboratory apparatus (4) and a computer (7) that can be connected to the laboratory apparatus (4) and is linked to the central transmitter (5) via an interface, the computer (7) having the capability to communicate with the central transmitter (5), to process signals received from the latter and to address selected RFID tags (10) through the central transmitter (5). The system (1) according to the invention can be integrated in a higher-ranking logistical system (31) for the processing and analysis of samples of any desired kind.
US07746220B2
A moving object detection apparatus comprises a transmitter, a receiver, a detection portion, a binary conversion portion and a judgment portion. The transmitter emits energy waves with a first frequency to a detection area. When receiving incoming energy waves from the detection area, the receiver generates an electric signal corresponding to the incoming energy waves. The detection portion obtains a detection signal from a reference signal with the first frequency and the electric signal. The binary conversion portion compares the detection signal with a conversion threshold signal to obtain a binary signal. The judgment portion judges whether or not a moving object approaching or leaving the receiver exists in the detection area based on the binary signal.
US07746212B2
In a method for producing a temperature sensor, there is first provided a substrate, on the first surface of which there is arranged a sensor structure having a first end and a second end, wherein the sensor structure substantially completely covers the first surface of the substrate. Then an insulation layer is at least partially formed on this sensor structure on which a first and a second contact area are then formed. The first and second contact areas are formed such that they are conductively connected to the first end and the second end of the sensor structure, respectively.
US07746210B2
An electronic device includes a substrate, a first coil that has a spiral shape and is provided on the substrate, a second coil that has a spiral shape, is provided above the first coil, and is spaced from the first coil, a first connection portion that electrically couples the first coil and the second coil, a wire that is provided on the substrate and connects one of the first coil and the second coil to outside, and a second connection portion that is mechanically connected to an outer side face of outermost circumference of the second coil and is mechanically connected on the substrate where one of the wire and the first coil is not provided.
US07746205B2
An improved field emission system and method is provided that involves field emission structures having electric or magnetic field sources. The magnitudes, polarities, and positions of the magnetic or electric field sources are configured to have desirable correlation properties, which may be in accordance with a code. The correlation properties correspond to a desired spatial force function where spatial forces between field emission structures correspond to relative alignment, separation distance, and the spatial force function.
US07746202B2
The invention relates to a magnetic actuating device containing a reference element and an adjusting element which is movably disposed between first and second end positions with respect to the reference element. The reference and/or adjusting elements contain a magnetizable material. A drive coil is provided for generating a magnetic field that moves the adjusting element from the first to the second end position. A mechanical clamping device is provided for producing mechanical forces that move the adjusting element from the second to the first end position. A fixing device is provided with a permanent magnet for generating a holding force fixing the adjusting element in the second end position with respect to the reference element. The fixing device contains a fixing unit separated from the adjusting element and provided with the permanent magnet.
US07746197B2
A noise filter array includes filter elements, each of which includes an LC parallel resonant circuit having a coil and a capacitor and an LC series resonant circuit having a coil and a capacitor, are arranged substantially parallel to one another in an array and integrally provided. Grounding capacitors that define the filter elements are arranged so that a common ground-side electrode faces signal-side electrodes and is connected to an inductance adjusting conductor that defines the LC series resonant circuits along with the capacitors through a via hole. The lengths of the inductance adjusting conductor from a connection location within the via hole to ground terminals are substantially equal in each of the filter elements.
US07746193B2
A 180° hybrid coupler (100) includes a first transmission line transformer (101) and a second transmission line transformer (102). Each of the first and second transmission line transformers is comprised of a coplanar stripline structure disposed in a spiral configuration. Each of the coplanar stripline structures has a first characteristic impedance and is configured to function as a balun. A common input feed (202) is coupled to each of the first and second transmission line transformers. A third transmission line transformer (103) and a fourth transmission line transformer (104) are also provided. Each of the third and fourth transmission line transformers is also configured to function as a balun and is coupled to the first and second transmission line transformers.
US07746189B2
A waveguide circulator comprising at least three waveguide arms intersecting at a junction, at least one ferrite element positioned within the junction, an impedance transformer and a recessed transformer. At least a portion of each of the at least three waveguide arms and the junction define a first wall and a second wall that are positioned in an opposing relationship. The impedance transformer is positioned in proximity to the at least one ferrite element and projects from the first wall. The recessed transformer is positioned in proximity to the impedance transformer and is recessed within the first wall.
US07746178B1
The present invention relates to a digital offset phase-locked loop (DOPLL), which may have advantages of size, simplicity, performance, design portability, or any combination thereof, compared to analog-based phase-locked loops (PLLs). The DOPLL may include a digital controlled oscillator (DCO), which provides a controllable frequency output signal based on a digital control signal, a radio frequency (RF) mixer circuit, which provides a reduced-frequency feedback signal based on the controllable frequency output signal without reducing loop gain, a time-to-digital converter (TDC), which provides a digital feedback signal that is a time representation of the reduced-frequency feedback signal, and digital PLL circuitry, which provides the digital control signal based on the digital feedback signal and a digital setpoint signal.
US07746175B2
A power amplifier (power amplifier) having multiple solid state sub-amplifiers connected in parallel between the power amplifier input and the power amplifier output are described. The signal input to the power amplifier is provided to an RF splitter connected between the power amplifier input connector and the input of each of the sub-amplifiers. The RF splitter splits the input power from the signal input and provides the power to the sub-amplifier inputs through input electrical paths. The input electrical paths from the power amplifier input to the sub-amplifiers are substantially physically identical. Each of the sub-amplifiers drive an input of an RF combiner connected between the outputs of the sub-amplifiers and the output of the power amplifier. The RF combiner combines the output power from each of the sub-amplifiers through output electrical paths, and provides the combined power to the power amplifier output. The output electrical paths from the sub-amplifiers to the power amplifier output are substantially physically identical.
US07746169B2
A differential low noise amplifier (LNA) is operable in a selectable one of two modes. The LNA includes a first transistor, a second transistor, a third transistor and a fourth transistor. In the first mode (PDC mode), the four transistors are configured to operate as a post-distortion cancellation (PDC) LNA. The third and fourth transistors operate as cancel transistors that improve linearity, but reduce LNA gain somewhat. In the second mode (high gain mode), the third and fourth transistors are configured so that amplified versions of the LNA input signal that they output are added to amplified versions of the LNA input signal that are output by the first and second main transistors, resulting in increased gain. Multiplexing circuits are provided within the LNA so that the LNA is configurable into a selectable one of the two modes by controlling a digital mode control signal supplied to the LNA.
US07746161B2
A semiconductor device includes a first voltage generator which outputs a first signal to a first node, a second voltage generator which outputs a second signal to a second node, a capacitor coupled between the first and second nodes; and a current supply circuit coupled to said second node. While the first voltage generator outputs the first signal to set the first node to a first voltage potential, the second voltage generator is activated to output the second signal to set the second node to a second voltage potential. At that time, the capacitor influences to the second node, based on a coupling capacitance thereof and the current supplying circuit supplies a current to suppress the influence.
US07746147B2
A level shifter circuit of the present invention includes a level shifter for converting a low-voltage signal to a high-voltage signal, and is provided with a unit that sets a voltage condition of an input signal to a transistor for input of the level shifter, when a high-voltage power supply is inputted to the level shifter circuit of the present invention before a low-voltage power supply.
US07746146B2
A level shifting circuit can include a first input junction field effect transistor (JFET) having a gate coupled to receive an input signal having a first voltage swing that provides a controllable impedance path between a first supply node and a first terminal of a first bias stack including at least one JFET. A driver circuit can be coupled to receive an output from the first bias stack that provides a level shifted output having a second voltage swing that is less than the first voltage swing.
US07746135B2
Disclosed herein is a wake-up circuit for a bias input of a circuit such as a slave DLL circuit, to allow it to be placed in a reduced power mode and be “awoken” (brought up to a control bias level) in a sufficiently small enough amount of time. The wake-up circuit couples a bias input node to a voltage level that is higher then the control bias level in response to a wake-up event, and then it couples the control bias node to the bias input node in response to their voltage levels being sufficiently close to one another.
US07746127B2
A driving device of a capacitive load includes a modulator that executes pulse modulation on a drive waveform signal. An inductor performs low-pass filtering on the modulated drive waveform signal and outputs the low-pass filtered signal as a drive signal towards a load capacitor as the capacitive load. A load selection control circuit selects a load capacitor and a dummy load capacitor to be connected to the inductor so that a sum of the capacitances of the selected load capacitor and dummy load capacitor is kept within a predetermined range. A feedback circuit executes a filtering process on the drive signal so that a frequency characteristic of a passing band of the drive signal becomes substantially flat. The resulting signal is provided to the modulator as a feedback signal. The modulator executes the pulse modulation on a difference value between the drive waveform signal and the feedback signal.
US07746126B2
To provide a load drive circuit that has a satisfactory phase characteristic and can be realized as a low-price LSI chip. A series circuit of nonlinear resistive elements (P2 and N3) and switch elements (N2 and P3) is inserted between control input terminals (GP1 and GN1) of output elements (P1 and N1) of a final amplifier (AMP0) and an output terminal (OUT) of the load drive circuit. The nonlinear resistive element has a nonlinear characteristic in which a resistance value decreases as an applied voltage value increases and the resistance value increases as the applied voltage value decreases. The switch elements are switching-controlled to selectively come into an ON state only in a high-electric potential period or a low-electric potential period of an input signal according to whether the output element is arranged on a high-electric potential side or a low-electric potential side in the final amplifier.
US07746125B2
A high voltage driver circuit for devices such as non-volatile memories, in which a low voltage driver is combined in two different ways with a high voltage driver In one, input-independent embodiment, a low voltage driver (Q7, Q8) is connected directly in parallel with a high voltage driver, thereby providing a high voltage signal path for high voltage operations and a low voltage signal path for low voltage operations. In an alternative, partially input-dependent embodiment, a low voltage driver is connected to the output of a high voltage driver (Q9, Q10), which may comprise a partial level shifter (Q1 B Q6). The output of this low voltage driver (Q9, Q10), which forms the output terminal of the entire stage, has a pull up/pull down transistor (Q11), depending on whether the partial level shifter (Q1 B Q6) is a positive or negative level shifting high voltage driver.
US07746121B2
A novel high speed, >1 GHz or 2 Gbits/s, low voltage differential signal (LVDS) driver is disclosed. The LVDS design achieves low power consumption while providing LVDS compliant impedance termination to power supply and ground. An output stage of the LVDS is implemented using a Nmos and a Pmos follower in a push pull configuration. This new design relies first on a follower type of an output stage, which provides the inherent impedance termination, second on an AC, capacitive, coupling and DC restoration to drive output stage gates, and on a low power dummy bias generator that supplies DC restoration voltages. As the supply voltage is lower the thick oxide devices performance suffer, therefore for this new design is mainly implemented with thin oxide devices.
US07746119B2
A sample and hold circuit in one aspect includes first and second switches. The first switch can be coupled to receive an input signal and to sample the input signal using a first capacitor. A first leakage current flows between first and second conductive terminals of the first switch and accumulates as a first leakage charge in the first capacitor. A second leakage current flows between the first and second conductive terminals of the second switch and accumulates as a second leakage charge in the second capacitor. An offset circuit produces a compensated sampled value by subtracting a quantity from a signal developed in response to the held sampled signal and charge accumulated through the first switch, wherein the quantity is developed in response to the accumulated leakage charge in the second capacitor.
US07746105B1
Circuits for merging data streams in a self-timed programmable integrated circuit. A programmable integrated circuit includes interconnected logic blocks, each including a logic circuit and an output multiplexer circuit including an arbiter and a multiplexer. Each arbiter is coupled to receive ready signals provided with first and second outputs of the logic circuit. Each multiplexer has first and second data inputs coupled to the outputs of the logic circuit, a select input programmably coupled, in one of a plurality of operating modes, to an arbiter output, and a data output coupled to an output of the logic block. The output multiplexer circuit provides an output token only when a first token indicates valid new data on the arbiter output and a second token indicates valid new data on one of the data inputs, and stores a third token received on the other data input until the other data input is selected by the multiplexer.
US07746103B1
A multi-mode circuit for a self-timed integrated circuit is provided. The multi-mode circuit is programmable to operate in two or more modes, and is coupled to require, in each mode, receipt of a token on at least one of first, second, or third inputs before providing an output token. The multi-mode circuit is further coupled to require tokens on different inputs in at least two different modes. The multi-mode circuit can be an output circuit for a logic block in an integrated circuit including an array of interconnected logic blocks, where each logic block includes a logic circuit and a multi-mode circuit. One input of each multi-mode circuit can be programmably coupled to a select output of a multi-mode circuit in an adjacent logic block. Based on the programmed mode and the tokens received, the circuit routes data between inputs and outputs of the circuit.
US07746100B2
Configurable adder circuitry is provided on an integrated circuit that includes redundant circuitry. The integrated circuit may contain nonvolatile memory and logic circuitry that produces a redundancy control signal. During manufacturing, the integrated circuitry may be tested. If a defect is identified on the integrated circuit, the redundancy control signal may be used in switching redundant circuitry into place bypassing the defect. The integrated circuit may contain an array of logic regions. Each logic region may contain adders and multiplexer circuitry for selectively combining the multiplexers to form larger adders. The multiplexer circuitry in each logic region may be controlled by propagate signals from the adders and by static redundancy control signals.
US07746093B2
A driving chip package, a display device including the same, and a method of testing the driving chip package are disclosed. Any contact failure between the driving chip package and the display substrate can be easily detected, thus reducing the quality management cost and preventing additional failures and increasing the manufacturing yield. The driving chip package includes a base film made of an insulating material, a plurality of interconnection lines formed (e.g., patterned) on the base film (that conduct externally processed driving signals to driving chip and that conduct the driving signals processed in and output by the driving chip), and at least one test interconnection line (e.g., a test signal input interconnection line or a test signal output interconnection line) formed parallel to the interconnection lines on the base film. A test signal input interconnection line and a corresponding test signal output interconnection line are electrically connected through a link on the display substrate.
US07746090B1
A system for testing connections of two connectors, each of which includes a pair of verification pins and a number of signal pins, includes a verification testing module, a controlling module, a signal testing module, and a reporting module. The verification testing module is configured for detecting whether each pair of verification pins are electrically connected. The controlling module is configured for allowing communication between each pair of signal pins if the pair of verification pins is detected to be electrically connected. The signal testing module is configured for testing whether each pair of signal pins are electrically connected. The reporting module is configured for reporting the results of the verification testing module and the signal testing module.
US07746079B2
An ion current detecting apparatus includes a capacitor C that is charged as a spark plug 3 discharges, a Zener diode ZD that limits a maximum voltage of the capacitor C while charging, a detection resistor R2 through which a discharge current of the capacitor C flows, and a comparator circuit 5 that compares a current value of the detection resistor R2 with a predetermined value. A charge quantity Q of the capacitor C at discharge start is set so that, as a consequence of a discharging operation of the capacitor C, discharge duration required until the current value of the detection resistor R2 falls below the predetermined value becomes longer than time duration in which the ion current generated by fuel combustion in the engine combustion chamber lasts. The ion current detecting apparatus automatically detects degradation in an insulation resistance in the spark plug, ensuring normal operation in engine control.
US07746077B2
A method for measuring magnetotelluric response of the Earth includes measuring transient controlled source electromagnetic response of the subsurface below a body of water over a plurality of actuations of an electromagnetic transmitter. The transient response measurements are stacked. The stacked transient responses are subtracted from measurements of total electromagnetic Earth response over a time period including the plurality of transient response measurements to generate the magnetotelluric response.
US07746064B2
The invention relates to a speed measurement device (1, 2) for a permanently excited electric synchronous machine (5, 7) comprising a first part (11, 13) and a second part (15, 17). The invention also relates to a corresponding method for measuring speed. The second part (15, 17) of the permanently excited electric synchronous machine comprises permanent magnets (19). The speed measurement device (1, 2) comprises at least one first sensor (25) and a second sensor (31), wherein the first sensor (25) is provided with a sensor coil and the second sensor (31) is a Hall sensor and the sensors (25, 31) on the first part (11, 13) are arranged in such a way that the first sensor (25) and second sensor (31) are influenced by a magnetic field (33), which is generated by the permanent magnets (19), by means of a flow conducting device (43) having an integrated character.
US07746060B2
An apparatus comprises: an engagement shaft able to engage with a bottom surface of a DSA and held linear movably; an air cylinder supplying a drive force for linearly moving the engagement shaft; and a link mechanism interposed between the air cylinder and the engagement shaft and transmitting the drive force input from the actuator to the engagement shaft, and the link mechanism transmits the drive force input from the air cylinder by rotary motion.
US07746058B2
A sequential equivalent-time sampling oscilloscope simultaneously acquires samples of a signal-under-test and a reference clock that is asynchronous with the signal-under-test. The oscilloscope converts the samples of the reference clock into timestamps and uses the timestamps to compensate for the jitter of the oscilloscope and to indicate the absolute jitter of the signal-under-test.
US07746050B2
A controller for a power converter is disclosed. An example circuit controller according to aspects of the present invention includes an input voltage sensor to be coupled to receive an input signal representative of an input voltage of the power converter. A current sensor is also included and is to be coupled to sense a current flowing in a power switch. A drive signal generator is to be coupled to drive the power switch into an on state for an on time period and an off state for an off time period. The controller is coupled to adjust a switching cycle period of the power switch to be proportional to a value of the input signal multiplied by a time period. The time period is the time it takes for the current flowing in the power switch to change between two current values when the power switch is in the on state.
US07746040B2
An input current shaping AC to DC converter with PFC front end that reduces input current harmonics is provided. In one embodiment, an AC to DC converter connectable with an alternating current source and operable to output a direct current has a PFC front end followed by a DC/DC converter. The PFC front end reduces harmonic components present in an input current waveform received by the PFC front end from the alternating current source and includes current steering circuitry and, optionally, valley filling circuitry. The DC/DC converter is one that presents pure resistive input impedance to the PFC front end. The DC/DC converter outputs the direct current to a load connected thereto.
US07746039B2
The invention relates to a method for the controlled application of a stator-current target value (ISnom) and a torque target value (Mnom) for a polyphase machine (4) that is supplied by an electronic power converter. According to the invention: current components (ISdnom, ISqnom) in a co-ordinate system (d, q) with a fixed rotor flux or rotating magnetic pole are calculated in accordance with a torque target value and in asynchronous machines in accordance with a rotor-flux target value (ψRnom), a calculated rotor-flux actual value (ψ
US07746014B2
A motor driving apparatus has first, second, and third positive-side driving transistors having drains which are supplied with a power supply voltage, first, second, and third negative-side driving transistors having sources which are grounded and drains which are connected to sources of the first, second, and third positive-side driving transistors, respectively, a power supply monitoring circuit which monitors the power supply voltage and outputs a driving mode switching signal which has a first value if the power supply voltage is not less than a predetermined value and has a second value if the power supply voltage is less than the predetermined value, and an output PWM control section which switches a mode of driving from synchronous rectification PWM driving to one-way PWM driving on the basis of a change of the driving mode switching signal from the second value to the first value.
US07746007B2
An improved electrical circuit design and method to drive a plurality of LEDs in an LCD backlight in order to produce a uniform color distribution across the entire viewable surface of the display. The embodiments disclosed have features that permit a predetermined reduction in the amount of current provided to the LEDs positioned along the edge of the display region. This results in color uniformity, and consequently, an improved picture quality.
US07746000B2
A discharge bulb is provided. The discharge bulb includes an arc tube, a glass shroud cylindrically surrounding the arc tube, and an insulated plug fixedly supporting an end portion of the glass shroud. The arc tube includes a light generating portion having a discharge space therein, a first pinch seal portion and a second pinch seal portion disposed on respective sides of the light generating portion, a first electrode rod protruding into the discharge space from the first pinch seal portion, and a second electrode rod protruding into the discharge space from the second pinch seal portion so as to be opposed to the first electrode rod. The discharge space contains a rare gas and a metal halide, but does not contain mercury. The first electrode is made of thoriated tungsten, and the second electrode rod is made of pure tungsten.
US07745984B2
Provided are a composition for preparing an electron emission source, including a nano-sized inorganic material and a vehicle, a method for preparing an electron emission source using the composition, an electron emission source including a nano-sized inorganic material and a small amount of a residual carbon, and further, an electron emission device including the electron emission source.
US07745983B2
A field emission plane light source generally incorporates an anode and a cathode. The anode includes an anode substrate, an anode conductive layer formed on a surface of the anode substrate, and a fluorescent layer formed on the anode conductive layer. The cathode includes a cathode substrate facing and separated from the anode substrate, a cathode conductive layer formed on a surface of the cathode substrate, and an electron emission layer formed on the cathode conductive layer and facing the fluorescent layer of the anode. The cathode and anode substrates have a seal formed therebetween. The electron emission layer includes a glass matrix and a plurality of carbon nanotubes, metallic conductive particles and getter powders dispersed therein. A method for making such field emission plane light source is also provided.
US07745981B2
In a method for manufacturing a piezoelectric actuator, a ceramic sintered body is prepared and a size of the ceramic sintered body is adjusted in a thickness direction defined below by grinding piezoelectric ceramic layers, included in the ceramic sintered body, located outermost in the thickness direction. In the ceramic sintered body, internal electrodes are each disposed between piezoelectric ceramic layers. The thickness direction is defined as the direction along the thickness of the piezoelectric ceramic layer. Each of the inert sections are disposed on at least one side of the active section, for driving the piezoelectric actuator, in the thickness direction. Dummy internal electrodes are arranged in the inert sections such that each of the dummy internal electrodes are each located between ceramic layers. The thickness of the piezoelectric ceramic layers disposed between the dummy internal electrodes increases with distance from the active section.
US07745974B2
Piezoelectric actuators of the type comprising a stack of layers of ferroelectric material and intervening electrodes which extend only part-way across the adjacent ferroelectric layers suffer differential remanent stress when electric fields are applied across the layers. To overcome this, a tensile stress is applied to the actuator along an axis substantially perpendicular to the layers of piezoelectric material in the actuator, which tensile stress is sufficient to mechanically align the dipoles, thus giving rise to a remanent strain which is uniform throughout the actuator. The actuator is advantageously heated while the tensile stress is applied, so as to increase the difference between the tensile strength of the material and the applied tensile stress. An alternative arrangement involves subjecting the actuator to a multidirectional stress and reducing the stress along the axis substantially perpendicular to the layers of piezoelectric material in the actuator. The entire process is performed on completed actuators. Under suitable temperature and load conditions no tensile margin fractures form and electrode tip discontinuity is reduced.
US07745972B2
A precision positioning device 1 having degrees of freedom along multi-axial directions includes a single unitary structure 2 and a plurality of expansion/contraction actuators 4a, 4b, and 4c. Movements of an object-to-be-positioned in the axial directions are effected through such elastic deformations of the unitary structure 2 as to move the object-to-be-positioned only in the axial directions. Forces to generate the elastic deformations are based on expansion/contraction of the expansion/contraction actuators 4a, 4b, and 4c incorporated in the unitary structure 2. The expansion/contraction actuators 4a, 4b, and 4c can be formed of piezoelectric elements.
US07745965B2
In order to improve the cooling of an electrical machine, the invention proposes an electrical machine having a stator (4) and a rotor, wherein the stator (4) has a cooling jacket (10) over at least part of the stator (4), wherein the cooling jacket (10) has a motor jacket (3) surrounding the stator (4) and an outer jacket (1), at least sections of which are spaced apart from said motor jacket (3), and a hollow helix (2) is arranged in the section between the motor jacket (3) and the outer jacket (1) and has a predeterminable pitch (12), and wherein the inlet (7) and the outlet (6) of this cooling jacket (10) are located substantially on an axial plane of the electrical machine.
US07745964B2
In a brushless motor, a stator includes an annular core member. A rotatable shaft is placed radially inward of the core member and extends in an axial direction. A rotor is supported by the rotatable shaft. A centerpiece supports the core member and includes a center portion, which is placed radially inward of the core member. A platy vibration absorbing member connects between the core member and the center portion of the centerpiece and damps circumferential vibrations transmitted from the core member.
US07745957B2
A single combination task lamp and flashlight instrument, providing separate flood and spot light beams, independently controlled in a three-state sequence by simple push button switches. The two kinds of light beams are produced by separate arrays of compact light emitting devices. both arrays are driven by a single, rechargeable battery powered electrical circuit that provides separate, regulated constant currents to the respective arrays of LEDs. The optics and electronics are constructed in a single, ruggedized, compact module. The module is enclosed within an elongated handle that positions the center of mass for optimum balance of the instrument and the control switches for convenient operation according to the sense of touch.
US07745956B2
A grid interconnection device includes a relay controller configured to control separation or interconnection of a relay; a receiver configured to receive, from a predetermined transmission path, power failure information containing at least local area information indicating an area in which a power failure occurs; a determination unit configured to determine an occurrence of a power failure in a power distribution system, when the power failure information includes local area information of an area to which the power distribution system belongs; and a detector configured to detect an islanding state. The detector increases detection sensitivity of the islanding state when the determination unit determines the power failure in the power distribution system. The relay controller performs separation control for the relay when the islanding state is detected by the detector.
US07745954B1
An automatic sensing power system automatically has a voltage sampling system that samples a voltage from an electrical device, determines a power requirement for the electrical device, converts power to the required level, and outputs the power to the electrical device when the electrical device is connected to the automatic sensing power system.
US07745952B2
A power module constructs a pressurizing tool by laminating an elastic member as well as a DC positive-side wiring member and DC negative-side wiring member in which currents flow in opposite directions. The pressurizing tool presses a first fixing tool, and then the first fixing tool presses semiconductor equipment. The semiconductor equipment is fixed to a heat dissipating member with its heat dissipating surface brought into surface contact with side wall surfaces of the heat dissipating member.The power module can enhance heat dissipation between a heat dissipating member and semiconductor equipment, and enables the semiconductor equipment to be fixed to the heat dissipating member without adding other components to the power module.
US07745948B2
An emergency pitch drive unit for a wind turbine comprises: an electrical motor arranged for adjusting the pitch angle of a wind turbine rotor blade; an emergency power supply unit for supplying electrical power to the motor; and a controller configured for controlling, in the event of a power failure. The motor to adjust the pitch angle uses the electrical power from the emergency power supply unit. The emergency power supply unit comprises a fuel cell.
US07745945B2
The present disclosure provides a very thin semiconductor package including a leadframe with a die-attach pad and a plurality of lead terminals, a die attached to the die-attach pad and electrically connected to the lead terminals via bonding wires, a position member disposed upon the die and/or die-attach pad, and a molding material encapsulating the leadframe, the die, and the position member together to form the semiconductor package. The method for manufacturing a very thin semiconductor package includes disposing a first position member on one side of the die-attach pad of a leadframe, attaching a die onto the opposite side of the die-attach pad, optionally disposing a second position member on top of the die, electrically connecting the die to the lead terminals of the leadframe, and encapsulating the leadframe, the die, and the position member(s) together to form the very thin semiconductor package.
US07745944B2
Microelectronic devices having intermediate contacts, and associated methods of packaging microelectronic devices with intermediate contacts, are disclosed herein. A packaged microelectronic device configured in accordance with one embodiment of the invention includes a microelectronic die attached to an interconnecting substrate. The microelectronic die includes an integrated circuit electrically coupled to a plurality of terminals. Each of the terminals is electrically coupled to a corresponding first contact on the die with an individual wire-bond. Each of the first contacts on the die is electrically coupled to a corresponding second contact on the interconnecting substrate by a conductive coupler such as a solder ball.
US07745939B2
A semiconductor device 50 is constructed to connect Al electrode pads 20 and rewiring patterns 52 via through electrodes 56 and flip-chip connect the rewiring patterns 52 of a semiconductor element 14 and wiring patterns 24 on a wiring substrate 12 via solder bumps 58. A device forming layer 18 and a plurality of Al electrode pads 20 are formed on an upper surface of the semiconductor element 14. Through holes 54 passing through the semiconductor element 14 are provided between the Al electrode pads 20 and the rewiring patterns 52 by the dry etching, and through electrodes 56 are formed in insides of the through holes 54 by the Cu plating. The device forming layer 18 is arranged on an upper surface of the semiconductor element 14 to make a light reception and a light emission easily.
US07745936B2
A semiconductor integrated circuit device includes a substrate having a PROM formed thereon in which the data memory state of the PROM is changed by the irradiation of light, and a multilayer wiring structure formed on the same side of the substrate as the PROM is formed. The multilayer wiring structure includes a transparent area, a shield area, and a PAD portion. The transparent area is formed from transparent material at a position opposite to the PROM area where the PROM is formed, and used as a light guiding path from the outside of the multilayer wiring structure to the PROM. The shield area is formed continuously from shielding materials arranged in several layers in the periphery of the transparent area. The PAD portion is formed on the outside of the shield area in regard to the transparent area, and controls the memory state of the PROM.
US07745927B2
An integrated circuit die includes a substrate having a front surface and a back surface, wherein the substrate front surface has electrical circuits formed thereon, and the substrate back surface has a plurality of metal layers formed thereon. The plurality of metal layers comprises at least one layer having a thickness of greater than about ten micrometers. The outermost metal layer may be mechanically and thermally bonded to a package using a die attach layer comprising a thermally conductive reflowable material. The invention advantageously facilitates the dissipation of heat from the integrated circuit die.
US07745922B2
A package board is provided. The package board includes a board body having a front surface and a back surface. A first power pad, a first ground pad, a first signal pad, a first internal terminal pad and a second internal terminal pad are disposed on the front surface of the board body, and a second power pad, a second ground pad and a second signal pad are disposed on the back surface of the board body. The second power pad, the second ground pad and the second signal pad are electrically connected to the first power pad, the first ground pad and the first signal pad, respectively. An internal terminal interconnection is provided in a bulk region of the board body or on a surface of the board body. The internal terminal interconnection electrically connects the first internal terminal pad to the second internal terminal pad. A semiconductor package employing the package board is also provided.
US07745921B2
A semiconductor device includes semiconductor chips differing in withstand voltage or in noise immunity, such as a multi-chip module. The semiconductor device includes first and second semiconductor chips mounted over a package substrate which has bonding pads arranged along the edges. The first semiconductor chip includes bonding pads for analog signals, and the second semiconductor chip includes bonding pads for high-voltage signals. The edges along which the bonding pads for analog signals are arranged and the edges along which the bonding pads for high-voltage signals are arranged are disposed along mutually different edges of the package substrate. Adjoining of electrodes or wirings for high voltage signals and those for analog signals over the package substrate can be easily avoided, and SI deterioration can be thereby restrained.
US07745915B2
A mounting board has a plurality of semiconductor memory devices operated in sync with a clock signal, and a semiconductor data processing device which access-controls the semiconductor memory devices. Layouts of data-system terminals of the semiconductor memory devices with respect to memory access terminals of the semiconductor data processing device are determined in such a manner that wirings for data and a data strobe system (RTdq/dqs) become shorter than wirings for a command/address system (RTcmd/add). The wirings for the data and data strobe system (RTdq/dqs) are laid down using an area defined between the semiconductor memory devices. The wirings for the command/address system (RTcmd/add) bypass the side of the mounting board.
US07745901B1
A device with increased photo-sensitivity using laser treated semiconductor as detection material is disclosed. In some embodiments, the laser treated semiconductor may be placed between and an n-type and a p-type contact or two Schottky metals. The field within the p-n junction or the Schottky metal junction may aid in depleting the laser treated semiconductor section and may be capable of separating electron hole pairs. Multiple device configurations are presented, including lateral and vertical configurations.
US07745893B2
A magnetic transistor includes a first magnetic section, a second magnetic section, a conductive section, a first metal terminal, and a second metal terminal. The conductive section is disposed between and is in direct contact with both the first and second magnetic section. The first metal terminal is disposed on one end of an opposite surface to the conductive section of the first magnetic section. The second metal terminal is disposed on one end approximately diagonal to the first metal terminal on an opposite surface to the conductive section of the second magnetic section. While the magnetic transistor structure is turned on, a current flows through the first magnetic section and the second magnetic section via the conductive section.
US07745888B2
A semiconductor device includes a substrate, a p-channel MIS transistor formed on an n-type well on the substrate, having a first gate dielectric and a first gate electrode formed thereon and formed of a Ta—C alloy wherein a crystal orientation ratio of a TaC (111) face in a film thickness direction [TaC (111) face/{TaC (111) face+TaC (200) face}] is 80% or more, and an n-channel MIS transistor formed on a p-type well on the substrate, having a second gate dielectric and a second gate electrode formed thereon and formed of a Ta—C alloy wherein a crystal orientation ratio of a TaC (111) face in a film thickness direction [TaC (111) face/{TaC (111) face+TaC (200) face}] is 60% or less.
US07745875B2
A method for producing a field effect transistor, in which a plurality of layers are in each case deposited, planarized and etched back, in particular a gate electrode layer, is disclosed. This method allows the manufacturing of transistors having outstanding electrical properties and having outstanding reproducibility.
US07745862B2
A CMOS image sensor and a method for manufacturing the same improves photosensitivity and prevent loss of light by forming a photo-sensing unit under a color filter. The CMOS image sensor may include a plurality of transistors formed on a semiconductor substrate, a metal line formed over the plurality of transistors for electrically connecting the plurality of transistors, and a plurality of photodiodes electrically connected with the plurality of transistors and formed over the metal line.
US07745861B2
Example embodiments may provide a photodiode formed of semiconductor silicide and/or an image sensor using a photodiode formed of semiconductor silicide. The photodiode may have a p-n junction structure including a p-type semiconductor silicide and an n-type semiconductor silicide. The image sensor may include a substrate, a photodetector unit having the photodiode, which may perform photoelectric transformation, and/or a signal transmitter transmitting a signal generated by the photodetector unit to an output unit. The photodetector unit and/or the signal transmitter may be integrated in the substrate.
US07745860B2
A CMOS image sensor with an effectively increased aperture ratio and moreover with improved optical sensitivity, and a method of manufacture of such a CMOS image sensor is provided a first aspect of the invention is an image sensor, has a pixel region 10 in which are formed a plurality of pixels each having at least a photodiode, a reset transistor, and a source-follower transistor; and a peripheral circuit region 12 in which are formed peripheral circuits which process read-out signals read out from the pixel region, a well region PW2 in the pixel region PW1 is formed to be more shallow than a well region in the peripheral circuit region. Also, reset transistors or source-follower transistors are formed in the shallow well region PW2 of the pixel region 10, and a photodiode region PHD2 is embedded below the transistor well region PW2.
US07745859B2
A solid-state image sensing apparatus has a signal storage portion of a second conductivity type provided within a substrate, a surface shield layer of the first conductivity type provided in a surface portion of the substrate which is located above the signal storage portion, a gate electrode provided over the substrate in adjacent relation to at least one end of the signal storage portion, and a drain region of the second conductivity type provided in a surface portion of the substrate which is on the side opposite to the surface shield layer when viewed from the gate electrode. A read control layer of the first conductivity type is further provided in a surface portion of the substrate which is located under the gate electrode in adjacent relation to one end of the surface shield layer.
US07745857B2
The object of the invention is to provide a semiconductor device that can form photodiodes that do not short circuit, without damage that causes leakage, despite formation of the opening part, and its manufacturing method. The second semiconductor layer (12, 16) of the second conductivity type is formed on the main surface of the first semiconductor layer (10, 11) of the first conductivity type. Element-separating regions (13, 14, 15, 17) formed at least on the second semiconductor layer separate the device into the regions of plural photodiodes (PD1-PD4). Conductive layer 18 is formed on the second semiconductor layer 16 in a pattern that is divided for each of the photodiodes and is connected to the second semiconductor layer 16 along the outer periphery with respect to all of the plural photodiodes. Insulation layer (19, 21) is formed on the entire surface to cover conductive layer 18. An opening part, which reaches the second semiconductor layer 16, is formed in the insulation layer (19, 21) in the region inside the pattern of conductive layer 18.
US07745852B2
There is provided a hetero junction field effect transistor including: a first layer of a nitride based, group III-V compound semiconductor; a second layer of a nitride based, group III-V compound semiconductor containing a rare earth element, overlying the first layer; a pair of third layers of a nitride based, group III-V compound semiconductor, overlying the second layer, the third layers being spaced from each other; a gate electrode disposed between the third layers at least a region of the second layer; and a source electrode overlying one of the third layers and a drain electrode overlying an other of the third layers. A method of fabricating the hetero junction field effect transistor is also provided.
US07745851B2
A high electron mobility device and method of making is provided whereby a two-dimensional electron gas is formed at a hetero-junction or hetero-interface between different polytypes of a semiconductor material. The different crystal forms or polytypes of the semiconductor material having different electronic bandgaps are used to provide the bandgap necessary to form the two-dimensional electron gas.
US07745841B2
A semiconductor light-emitting device which exhibits small threshold current, high differential efficiency, and good characteristics, by reducing electrons that overflow an electron barrier, trapping the electrons in an active layer. Of the barrier layers of an active layer, a final barrier layer, which is a barrier layer closest to a p side, is smaller in band gap energy than other barrier layers. Thus, as compared with a case where the final barrier layer has the same band gap energy as that of the other barrier layer, an energy band discontinuity (electron barrier) with an electron blocking layer can be made larger. As a result, overflow of electrons is reduced.
US07745840B2
A solid-state light source includes a substrate, a solid-state light-emitting chip, a plurality of micro-members and a light-permeable encapsulation. The substrate has a substantially flat surface. The solid-state light-emitting chip is arranged on the substantially flat surface of the substrate and electrically connected to the substrate. The micro-members are arranged on the surface of the substrate and parallel with the solid-state light emitting chip. The light-permeable encapsulation is arranged on the surface of the substrate and covers the solid-state light-emitting chip and the micro-members.
US07745839B2
Provided are a double wavelength semiconductor light emitting device, having an n electrode and p electrode disposed on the same surface side, in which the area of a chip is reduced to increase the number of chips taken from one single wafer, in which light focusing performance of double wavelength optical beams are improved, and in which an active layer of a light emitting element having a longer wavelength can be prevented from deteriorating in a process of manufacturing; and a method of manufacturing the same.Semiconductor lasers D1 and D2 as two light emitting elements having different wavelengths are integrally formed on a common substrate 1. A semiconductor laminate A is deposited on an n-type contact layer 21 in a semiconductor laser D1, and a semiconductor laminate B is deposited in a semiconductor laser D2. The semiconductor laminate A and semiconductor laminate B are configured to have different layer structures. An n electrode 12 formed between the semiconductor lasers D1 and D2 is shared by the semiconductor lasers D1 and D2, and serves as a common electrode on an n side. Additionally, the semiconductor laminate having a shorter wavelength is crystal-grown firstly.
US07745836B2
Provided are a superluminescent diode with a high optical power and a broad wavelength band, and a method of fabricating the same. The superluminescent diode includes: at least one high optical confinement factor (HOCF) region; and at least one low optical confinement factor (LOCF) region having a lower optical confinement factor than the HOCF region. The method includes obtaining a difference of optical confinement factors in the HOCF region and the LOCF region through a selective area growth method, the selective area growth method using a deposition thicknesses difference of thin layers according to a width difference of openings that expose a substrate.
US07745832B2
A semiconductor light-emitting element assembly, comprising a composite substrate, a circuit layout carrier, a connecting structure, a recess, and a semiconductor light-emitting element, is disclosed. The connecting structure is used for bonding the composite substrate with the circuit layout carrier. The recess is formed by the circuit layout carrier and extends toward the composite substrate. The semiconductor light-emitting element is deposited in the recess and electrically connected to the circuit layout carrier.
US07745829B2
This invention provides a semiconductor device having high operation performance and high reliability. An LDD region 707 overlapping with a gate wiring is arranged in an n-channel TFT 802 forming a driving circuit, and a TFT structure highly resistant to hot carrier injection is achieved. LDD regions 717, 718, 719 and 720 not overlapping with a gate wiring are arranged in an n-channel TFT 804 forming a pixel unit. As a result, a TFT structure having a small OFF current value is achieved. In this instance, an element belonging to the Group 15 of the Periodic Table exists in a higher concentration in the LDD region 707 than in the LDD regions 717, 718, 719 and 720.
US07745828B2
An organic light emitting device includes a substrate, first and second ohmic contacts formed on the substrate, a driving semiconductor formed on the substrate and the first and second ohmic contacts and including polysilicon, a driving input electrode electrically connected to the first ohmic contact, a driving output electrode electrically connected to the second ohmic contact, a first gate insulating layer formed on the driving semiconductor, the driving input electrode, and the driving output electrode, and a driving control electrode formed on the first gate insulating layer and overlapping the driving semiconductor.
US07745826B2
A TFT substrate includes a substrate and at least a TFT disposed thereon. The TFT includes a semiconductor island and at least a gate. The semiconductor island has a source region, a drain region, and a channel region interposed therebetween. The semiconductor island has sub-grain boundaries. The gate corresponds to the channel region. A first included angle between an extending direction of the gate and a line connecting the centroid of the source region with the centroid of the drain region is not substantially equal to 90 degrees. A second included angle between the sub-grain boundaries in the channel region and the line connecting the centroid of the source region with the centroid of the drain region is not substantially equal to 0 degree or 90 degrees. Additionally, a method of fabricating a TFT substrate, an electronic apparatus, and a method of fabricating the electronic apparatus are also provided.
US07745821B2
A thin film transistor comprises a layer of organic semiconductor material comprising an organic semiconductor material that comprises an aryl dicarboxylic acid diimidazole-based compound. Such transistors can further comprise spaced apart first and second contact means or electrodes in contact with said material. Further disclosed is a process for fabricating ac thin film transistor device, preferably by sublimation or solution-phase deposition onto a substrate, wherein the substrate temperature is no more than 150° C.
US07745808B2
The invention relates to a DNR (differential negative resistance) exhibiting device that can be programmed to store information as readable current amplitudes and to methods of making such a device. The stored data is semi-volatile. Generally, information written to a device in accordance with the invention can maintain its memory for a matter of minutes, hours, or days before a refresh is necessary. The power requirements of the device are far reduced compared to DRAM. The memory function of the device is highly stable, repeatable, and predictable. The device can be produced in a variety of ways.
US07745803B2
An ion doping apparatus includes: a chamber 11; a discharge section 13 for discharging a gaseous content from within the chamber 11; an ion source 12 being provided in the chamber 11 and including an inlet 14 through which to introduce a gas containing an element to be used for doping, the ion source 12 decomposing the gas introduced through the inlet 14 to generate ions containing the element to be used for doping; an acceleration section 23 for pulling out from the ion source 12 the ions generated at the ion source 12 and accelerating the ions toward a target object held in the chamber; and a beam current meter 26 for measuring a beam current caused by the accelerated ions. The beam current is measured by the beam current meter 26 a plurality of times, and if a result of the measurements indicates a stability of the beam current, the ion doping apparatus automatically begins to implant into the target object the ions containing the element to be used for doping. Thus, an ion doping apparatus having excellent doping amount controllability is provided.
US07745797B1
A digital radiography imaging system having a digital x-ray detector that is easy to manufacture and produces high quality images with no artifacts. The digital x-ray detector including a front cover, a scintillator screen member, a light imager panel member having a surface in direct contact with an adjoining surface of the scintillator screen member, a compressible member positioned between the front cover and the scintillator screen member to apply pressure to the scintillator screen member and the adjoining surface between the scintillator screen member and the light imager panel member, electronic circuitry mounted on at least one printed circuit board and coupled to the light imager panel, a back cover, and a plurality of fasteners for fastening the front cover to the back cover.
US07745793B2
There is provided an infrared signal receiver which includes a photo-detector unit receiving light in a predetermined infrared wavelength region, sent from a remote operating unit; and an optical element disposed in front of the photo-detector unit, allowing the light of the predetermined infrared wavelength region to transmit therethrough in preference to other infrared wavelength region. In the receiver, the predetermined signal wavelength region is a region of 930 nm or longer and 960 nm or shorter, and mean transmittance of light of the optical element in the predetermined signal wavelength region is larger than mean transmittance of light in a region of 900 nm or longer and shorter than 930 nm, and/or, mean transmittance of light in a region of longer than 960 nm and 1,020 nm or shorter.
US07745791B2
A detecting apparatus for detecting information of a liquid object or sample includes a transmission path, a THz wave supplying unit, a THz wave detecting unit, and an infiltrative holding member for infiltration and holding of a liquid object. The supplying unit supplies an electromagnetic wave in a frequency range between 30 GHz and 30 THz to the transmission path. The detecting unit detects the THz wave transmitted through the transmission path. The infiltrative holding member is set at a location containing at least a portion in which an electric field distribution of the THz wave propagating along the transmission path extends.
US07745790B2
A negative refractive index device and a method of generating radiation. In one embodiment, the device includes: (1) an optical input configured to receive light and (2) an optical medium having a negative index of refraction and a second-order nonlinearity proximate a center frequency of the light, coupled to the optical input and configured to resonate in response to the light to yield radiation having a phase velocity based on a group velocity of the light.
US07745786B2
A method and apparatus allowing for simultaneous direct viewing and electronic capture of images in an electron microscope (TEM). For this, the usual opaque direct viewing plate in the TEM is replaced in form and in function by a two-sided direct viewing plate including at least one scintillator. This plate produces light emissions from both its upper and lower surfaces, which allows an electronic camera below the plate to be used simultaneously with direct human viewing from above the plate. The method and apparatus are also compatible with traditional permanent image recording units that are often desired in such microscopes.
US07745781B2
In a method controlling an ion detector, one or more ion input signals are received at the ion detector. A data point indicative of an intensity of at least one of the received ion input signals is acquired. Asynchronously with acquiring the data point, a drive voltage applied to the ion detector is regulated to operate the ion detector at a gain optimal for the intensity of at least one of the received ion input signals. An ion detector for implementing the method is also provided.
US07745780B2
A method and apparatus for multiplexed data acquisition for gas-phase ion mobility coupled with mass spectrometry is described. Ion packets are injected into an ion mobility drift chamber at a rate faster than the ion mobility separation arrival time distribution. The convoluted arrival time distributions thus generated are deconvoluted by a mass spectrometer and post-processing algorithms.
US07745777B2
In accordance with yet another aspect of the present invention, an active imaging system is provided for imaging a target of interest. An imaging assembly includes a light source and an optical assembly comprising a plurality of passive optical components. The optical assembly divides received light into a first beam, having a first polarization and a second beam, having a second, orthogonal polarization, directs the first and second beam along respective first and second optical paths within the optical assembly, and recombines the first and second beams into a combined beam. A sensor detects the combined beam.
US07745762B2
An approach for optimizing the thermal budget during a pulsed heating process is disclosed. A heat sink or thermal transfer plate is configured and positioned near an object, such as a semiconductor wafer, undergoing thermal treatment. The heat sink is configured to enhance the thermal transfer rate from the object so that the object is rapidly brought down from the peak temperature after an energy pulse. High thermally-conductive material may be positioned between the plate and the object. The plate may include protrusions, ribs, holes, recesses, and other discontinuities to enhance heat transfer and avoid physical damage to the object during the thermal cycle. Additionally, the optical properties of the plate may be selected to allow for temperature measurements via energy measurements from the plate, or to provide for a different thermal response to the energy pulse. The plate may also allow for pre-heating or active cooling of the wafer.
US07745761B2
An exemplary hot-melting machine (20) includes a worktable (23), a number of carriers (24), a heater (25), at least one cooler (26), and a controller (28). The carriers are located on the worktable and are uniformly spaced apart. Each carrier is configured for holding a workpiece. The heater is configured for heating the workpiece. The cooler is configured for cooling the workpiece. The controller is configured for driving the worktable to rotate, the heater to move down toward and up away from a corresponding one of the carriers, and the at least one cooler to move down toward and up away from another corresponding one of the carriers. At each of successive stages in operation of the hot-melting machine, one of the carriers is aligned with the heater, another one the carriers is aligned with the at least one cooler, and a further one of the carriers is positioned such that a workpiece can be unloaded from the further one of the carriers and another workpiece can be loaded on the further one of the carriers.
US07745758B2
To provide an arc start method in a consumable electrode type arc welding method capable of firmly executing arc start and capable of executing high quality high speed welding by restraining a welding defect from being brought about therefor, at a portion of a wire projected from a welding tip, a temperature of a front end portion of the wire is made to be at a temperature higher than a temperature of a portion thereof near the welding tip. The front end portion of the wire is preheated to 300° C. or higher, preferably, 450° C. or higher. The front end portion of the wire is preheated by generating arc for preheating. The preheating arc is generated in a spot-like shape at a position near a terminal end portion of a predetermined welding line by constituting a current lower than a welding current.
US07745737B2
A printed circuit board (PCB) having vias for reducing reflections of input signals includes a first signal layer, a second signal layer, one via, an input signal line arranged on the first signal layer, and an output signal line arranged on the second signal layer. The via further includes a drill hole, a first pad, and a second pad. The first pad is electrically connected with the input signal line, and the second pad is electrically connected with the output signal line. An outer diameter of the first pad is smaller than an outer diameter of the second pad.
US07745736B2
An interconnecting substrate is provided with a base insulating film having a sunken section in a bottom surface thereof, a first interconnection provided in the sunken section, a via hole formed in the base insulating film, and a second interconnection which is connected to the first interconnection via a conductor within the via hole and is formed on a top surface of the base insulating film, wherein the interconnecting substrate includes a first interconnection pattern formed of the first interconnection which includes at least a linear pattern which extends along a second direction orthogonal to a first direction, and a warpage-controlling pattern which is provided in the sunken section in the bottom surface of the base insulating film and is formed in such a manner as to suppress a warpage of the interconnecting substrate toward a bottom side on both sides of the first direction.
US07745734B2
A ceramic multilayer substrate includes a plurality of laminated ceramic layers and at least one conductor pattern and disposed on at least one of the ceramic layers. The ceramic multilayer substrate has a cavity in at least a first main surface. The ceramic multilayer substrate includes a deformation preventing pattern disposed on at least one of the ceramic layers having an opening forming the cavity. The deformation preventing pattern surrounds the entire perimeter of the opening and is made of the same material as the conductor pattern.
US07745733B2
A method of making a multilayered product having a repeating conductive pattern that includes determining a repeating pattern configuration such as a grid of conductive traces for use in a range of active element configurations, and forming a continuous web of multilayered product having at least one layer of conductive material configured according to the determined repeating pattern configuration. The continuous web is suitable for use in a range of active element configurations. The method may also include altering the continuous web to form a customized active element. Forming the continuous web may include providing a first roll of continuous webbing stock, the first roll having at least a portion of the repeating pattern formed thereon, providing a second roll of continuous webbing stock, the second roll having at least a portion of the repeating conductive pattern formed thereon, and laminating the first and second rolls of continuous webbing stock together.
US07745724B2
Photovoltaic cells integrated with a bypass diode, as well as related systems, components, and methods, are disclosed.
US07745720B2
A thermoelectric material includes a composition represented by the following formula (A): (Tia1Zrb1Hfc1)xNiySn100-x-y (A) where 0
US07745717B2
In a wearable electronic device attachable to an arm, a display screen is disposed on a top face of a main body which is attached to the arm. First and second controls are arranged adjacent to opposite sides of the display screen, respectively, and project obliquely from the top face of the main body. The first control is configured to move toward a near side of the display screen by an operation of the user and to return spontaneously to a rest position away from the near side. The second control is configured to move toward a near side of the display screen by an operation of the user and to return spontaneously to a rest position away from the near side. An operation of one of the first and second controls or both of the first and second controls enables setting of the device using the display screen.
US07745713B2
In an electronic musical instrument, an input device inputs performance information. A tone generator operates based on tone setting parameters for generating music sounds according to the performance information. A display is capable of switching a plurality of scenes for displaying either of the performance information or tone setting parameters. An image data generation part creates one or a plurality of print image data representing contents of the plurality of the scenes upon detecting a print instruction operation. An interface is provided in the electronic musical instrument to output the print image data directly to an external printer for printing out the contents of the scenes.
US07745709B2
This tremolo device includes a flat hand plate and a short mounting post welded perpendicularly to bottom of the hand plate. The hand plate is configured and bent to form a curved eminence and depression along one side, which provides additional structural integrity and rigidity to the tremolo device. The mounting post is adapted to rotatably connect to the bridge assembly of a stringed instrument. The mounting post elevates the hand plate over the bridge assembly and instrument strings. The musician can rest the palm of the picking hand on the top of the hand plate, which positions the fingers conveniently over the instrument's strings. The musician can push or pull on the hand plate to apply force to the bridge and change the tension of instrument's strings.
US07745704B2
The invention relates to the novel cotton variety designated 04V073. Provided by the invention are the seeds, plants, plant parts and derivatives of the cotton variety 04V073. Also provided by the invention are tissue cultures of the cotton variety 04V073 and the plants regenerated therefrom. Still further provided by the invention are methods for producing cotton plants by crossing the cotton variety 04V073 with itself or another cotton variety and plants produced by such methods.
US07745701B1
According to the invention, there is provided a novel soybean variety designated XB04F08. This invention thus relates to the seeds of soybean variety XB04F08, to the plants of soybean XB04F08 to plant parts of soybean variety XB04F08 and to methods for producing a soybean plant produced by crossing plants of the soybean variety XB04F08 with another soybean plant, using XB04F08 as either the male or the female parent.
US07745697B2
The present invention relates to promoters that enable gene expression which is both specific to the endosperm and early during the development of the endosperm, as well as nucleic acid molecules encoding basal endosperm transfer cell layer (BETL) proteins.
US07745695B2
The present invention is directed to plants that display an altered oil content phenotype due to altered expression of a HIO1005 nucleic acid. The invention is further directed to methods of generating plants with an altered oil content phenotype.
US07745693B2
The invention relates to a method of identifying herbicides and to the use of inhibitors of plant peptide deformylase as broad spectrum herbicides.
US07745689B2
A nephropathy-associated gene which encodes a transcription repressor; and a nonhuman transgenic animal suffering from nephropathy which is constructed by transferring the above gene and allows the observation of increases in urinary volume, urinary albumin and urinary NAG, pyelectasis, enlargement in kidney tubule and glomerular swelling at the early stage and the following sclerosis.
US07745678B2
A process for isomerizing alkyl aromatic hydrocarbons using a catalyst comprising a zeolite and a platinum group metal component is described. The zeolite comprises a new family of zeolites designated UZM-8HS which are derived from UZM-8 zeolites by treating the UZM-8 with a fluoro-silicate salt, an acid, etc. The UZM-8HS zeolites have unique x-ray diffraction patterns.
US07745664B2
A process for preparing venlafaxine in a high yield as well as processes for producing venlafaxine hydrochloride of form I having a very high polymorphic purity are described.
US07745661B2
Disclosed are, for example, a process for producing a tricarboxylic acid tris(alkyl-substituted cyclohexylamide), the process comprising subjecting a tricarboxylic acid and an alkyl-substituted cyclohexylamine to an amidation reaction, either (a) in the presence of a boric acid compound and a phenol compound or (b) in the presence of a boric acid ester obtained by the dehydration condensation of a boric acid compound and a phenol compound, and optionally purifying the resulting crude reaction product.
US07745658B2
The present invention relates to a process for preparing tertiary alkyl esters of (meth)acrylic acid having at least 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical. The process includes reacting (meth)acrylic acid with at least one olefin of formula (I) in homogeneous phase in the presence of an acidic catalyst in a reactor, discharging the resulting reaction mixture from the reactor, separating the discharged reaction mixture into a first mixture which contains the catalyst and a second mixture which contains the tertiary alkyl ester of (meth)acrylic acid having at least 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical, and removing the tertiary alkyl ester of (meth)acrylic acid having at least 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical from the second mixture in the presence of compound S, which comprises at least one N-oxyl group and is added as a stabilizer.
US07745651B2
The present invention provides compositions comprising cationic lipids, liposomes and nucleic acid-lipid particles comprising the cationic lipids, and methods of using such compositions, liposomes, and nucleic acid-lipid particles.
US07745650B2
The present invention relates to taxane analogs for the treatment of cancer having the general formula: wherein R1 and R2 are each selected from H, an alkyl group, an olefinic group, an aromatic group, an O-alkyl group, an O-olefinic group, or an O-aromatic group; R3 is hydroxyl or OP1; R4 and R5 are each hydroxyl or R7COO; R6 is hydroxyl, OP2, R7COO, or an ether functionality; R7 is an alkyl group, an olefinic group, or an aromatic group; P1 and P2 are each hydroxyl protecting groups; R8 and R9 are each selected from H, alkyl group, olefinic or aromatic group. The present invention is also directed to production methods and intermediates useful in the formation of these new taxane analogs. The methods may begin with a starting compound, such as paclitaxel or docetaxel, which is converted into a taxane analog through various intermediate compounds.
US07745649B2
The present invention relates to a process for preparing tetrahydropyran-4-one represented by the formula (1): which comprises reacting at least one kind of dihydropyran-4-one and pyran-4-one represented by the formula (2): wherein represents a single bond or a double bond, and hydrogen (a) in the presence of a metal catalyst, in a mixed solvent of an aprotic solvent and an alcohol solvent, or (b) in the presence of an anhydrous metal catalyst in which a hydrated metal catalyst is subjected to dehydration treatment, in a hydrophobic organic solvent.
US07745648B2
A process for preparing 4-fluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one comprising adding 4-fluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one to ethylene carbonate in an amount of from 3 to 20% by weight relative to the ethylene carbonate as a solvent for the ethylene carbonate, and introducing fluorine or a mixture containing fluorine in an inert gas is introduced into the resulting solution at 15 to 45° C.
US07745645B2
Compounds having the general of formula I and/or formula II wherein R1 and R2 are the same or different and are independently selected from the group consisting of —H, —C1-C18-alkyl or -ω-sulfoalkyl; X and Y are the same or different and are independently selected from the group consisting of —O−, —OH, —SH, —NH—NH2, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —O-Su (succinimidyl/sulfosuccinimidyl), —O-STP (4-sulfo-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenyl), —O-TFP (2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenyl), —O-benzotriazole, -benzotriazole, —NR—CO—CH2—I, —NR2, —NR-biomolecule, —NR-L-COO−, —NR-L-COOH, —NR-L-COO-Su, —NR-L-COO-STP, —NR-L-COO-TFP, —NR-L-CONR2, —NR-L-CO-biomolecule, —NR-L-CO—NH—NH2, —NR-L-OH, —NR-L-O-phosphoramidite, —NR-L-CHO, —NR-L-maleimid, or —NR-L-NH—CO—CH2—I; where R is equal to R1 and R2 and L is selected from the group consisting of a divalent linear (—(CH2)o—, o=1 to 15), crossed, or cyclic alkane group that can be substituted by at least one atom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, substituted nitrogen, and/or sulfur, and the biomolecule is a protein, antibody, nucleotide, oligonucleotide, biotin, or hapten; Z is —O− or OH; U is —O−, —OH, or NH-L-SO2Z; Kat is Li, Na, K, ammonium (mono-, di- or trialkyl) or another cation; An is F, Cl, Br, I, BF4, ClO4, CH3CO2, CF3CO2 or another anion; m is an integer from 1-6 necessary to compensate the negative or positive charge from the dye moiety in formula I or formula II; and n is an integer from 0-12; compositions containing these compounds, and methods using these compounds, are disclosed.
US07745634B2
The present process provides a improved method for the preparation of alkylsulfanyl substituted triazoles 2 which are useful intermediates in a new process for the preparation of triazolones 20.
US07745630B2
Compounds of formula (I), or pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives thereof, wherein: Z, O, A, V, Y and Y′ are as defined herein; are useful for treating dysmenorreah.
US07745628B2
The present invention relates to a method for obtaining Dolasetron that comprises: a) Esterification of the alcohol of formula (IV) with indole-3-carboxylic acid (compound (III)) or a reactive derivative thereof, to give a compound of formula (V), followed by step b) which includes Dieckmann reaction of the intermediate (V), by reaction with a strong organic or inorganic base, to give the intermediate (VI), and step c) which comprises dealcoxycarbonylation of the intermediate (VI) to give Dolasetron base and, if desired, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, hydrates or solvates of the base of said salt. The invention also relates to the intermediates (V) and (VI), and methods for obtaining them. With the method of the present invention Dolasetron is obtained at industrial scale with good yields, with decreased use of reactants and solvents, while said method is also of greater atomic efficiency.
US07745625B2
This invention provides for prodrug Compounds I, pharmaceutical compositions thereof, and their use in treating HIV infection. wherein: X is C or N with the proviso that when X is N, R1 does not exist; W is C or N with the proviso that when W is N, R2 does not exist; V is C; E is hydrogen or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; and Y is selected from the group consisting of Also, this invention provides for intermediate Compounds II useful in making prodrug Compounds I. wherein: L and M are independently selected from the group consisting of C1-C6 alkyl, phenyl, benzyl, trialkylsilyl, -2,2,2-trichloroethoxy and 2-trimethylsilylethoxy.
US07745618B2
A method of making a compound of Formula I: is carried out by condensing a pair of compounds of Formula II (which pair may be the same or different), or by condensing a compound of Formula III with a compound Formula IV, to produce a compound of Formula I. The condensing step may be carried out with a metal salt under basic conditions.
US07745615B2
Cellulose ester and film thereof useful for remarkably improving optical properties, e.g., optical isotropy. The cellulose ester has a degree of substitution from 2.90 to 2.965, a total of degrees of substitution at 2- and 3-positions ≧1.97, and a half height width of chemical composition expressed in degree of substitution of ≧0.09. The cellulose ester maybe produced by (i) acylating a cellulose with an acylating agent in the presence of a sulfuric acid catalyst, and (ii) hydrolyzing the acylated product in the presence of a sulfuric acid catalyst, wherein the acylation carried out with 1.40 to 2.0 molar equivalents of the acylating agent relative to 1 mol of a hydroxyl group in the cellulose in the presence of 6.5 to 9.5 parts by weight of the sulfuric acid catalyst relative to 100 parts by weight of the cellulose in the acylating step (i).
US07745612B2
Efficient sequence specific gene silencing is possible through the use of siRNA technology. By selecting particular siRNAs by rational design, one can maximize the generation of an effective gene silencing reagent, as well as methods for silencing genes. Methods, compositions, and kits generated through rational design of siRNAs are disclosed including those directed to nucleotide sequences for IRAK4.
US07745611B2
Efficient sequence specific gene silencing is possible through the use of siRNA technology. By selecting particular siRNAs directed to silencing KRAS, one can maximize the generation of an effective gene silencing reagent, as well as methods for silencing genes.
US07745605B2
Late embryogenesis abundant (Lea) proteins accumulate in maturing seeds after many of the storage compounds have been synthesized, and they are considered relevant to maturation. We report here the molecular organization and expression of BnLea3-1, a novel Group 3 Lea gene from Brassica napus. BnLea3-1 contains a coding region of 798 bp, sharing 84.4% homology at the amino acid level with Lea76 of B. napus. Two tandem 11-mer repeats are truncated from the coding region of BnLea3-1, compared to the 13 conserved 11-mer repeats of Lea76. Substitutions of consensus residues are found at various positions within the 11-mer repeats. A 1561 bp 5′ flanking promoter fragment of BnLea3-1 fused to E. coliβ-glucuronidase (GUS) coding region conferred seed-specific GUS expression in stable transgenics of B. napus, tobacco and in transiently-transformed pea. A −137 bp minimal promoter preceding the first transcription start site, identified through progressive deletions from the upstream was sufficient for basal GUS expression in the seeds and in leaves treated with ABA. Deletion studies indicate the presence of enhancing elements located between −137 bp to −742 bp and suppressing elements located between −742 and −1561 bp. BnLea3-1 expression in seeds precedes that of Lea76. Unlike other Group 3 Lea members including HVA1 and Dc3, BnLea3-1 is active in seeds and responsive weakly in vegetative tissues to ABA and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) but not to stress treatments. Possible functions of BnLea3-1 and another member of the Group 3 Lea family BnLea3-2 in embryo development is discussed.
US07745604B2
The nucleic acid sequence of the POMC enhancer is disclosed herein. Sequences from the human, rat, rabbit, hamster, mouse, and cow POMC enhancer are disclosed. Hybrid transgenes, comprising a POMC transcriptional control element operably linked to a nucleic acid sequence encoding a marker are also enclosed. In addition, transgenic mice carrying a hybrid transgene including a POMC control element operably linked to a marker are disclosed herein.
US07745597B2
Focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is a kidney disorder of unknown etiology and up to 20% of patients on dialysis have this diagnosis. A large family with hereditary FSGS carries a missense mutation in the TRPC6 gene on chromosome 11q, encoding the ion channel protein Transient Receptor Potential Cation Channel 6. The missense mutation is a P112Q substitution, which occurs in a highly conserved region of the protein, enhances TRPC6-mediated calcium signals in response to agonists such as angiotensin II, and alters the intracellular distribution of TRPC6 protein. Previous work has emphasized the importance of cytoskeletal and structural proteins in proteinuric kidney diseases. Our findings suggest a novel mechanism for glomerular disease pathogenesis.
US07745586B2
The present invention relates to a novel polypeptide encoding a protein which is the full length human ortholog of E3α ubiquitin ligase. The invention also relates to vector, host cells, antibodies and recombinant methods for producing the polypeptide. In addition, the invention discloses therapeutic, diagnostic and research utilities for these and related products.
US07745582B2
The present invention relates to a novel method for the isolation or purification of immunoglobulins (a special class of proteins) from a solution containing immunoglobulins, e.g. hybridoma cell culture supernatants, animal plasma or sera, or colostrum. The method includes the use of a minimum of salts, such as lyotropic salts, in the binding process and preferably also the use of small amounts of organic solvents in the elution process. The solid phase matrices, preferably epichlorohydrin activated agarose matrices, are functionalised with mono- or bicyclic aromatic or heteroaromatic ligands (molecular weight: at the most 500 Dalton) which, preferably, comprises an acidic substituent, e.g. a carboxylic acid. The matrices utilised show excellent properties in a “Standard Immunoglobulin Binding Test” and in a “Monoclonal Antibody Array Binding Test” with respect to binding efficiency and purity, and are stable in 1M NaOH.
US07745572B2
The invention is directed to methods of treating conditions requiring removal or destruction of harmful or unwanted cells in a patient, such as benign and malignant tumors, using compounds containing or based on peptides comprising a part of the amino acid sequence of a neural thread protein.
US07745570B2
A novel peptide adhesive motif is described that requires no receptor or cross-links to achieve maximal adhesive strength. Several peptides with different degrees of adhesive strength have been designed and synthesized using solid phase chemistries. All peptides contain a common hydrophobic core sequence flanked by positively or negatively charged amino acids sequences.
US07745566B2
The present invention provides methods for purifying polymers. In each embodiment of the invention disclosed herein, a supercritical fluid is contacted with an organic solution that includes a polymer to be purified dissolved in an organic solvent. The supercritical fluid extracts the organic solvent from the organic solution. Impurities such as residual monomers and process solvents are removed with the organic solvent and supercritical fluid, thereby purifying the polymer. The methods of the invention are particularly suitable for use in the purification of biodegradable polymers for use in pharmaceutical applications.
US07745550B2
Tubular reactor apparatus and processes are provided for improved polymerization including using chain transfer agents and multiple monomer feeds spaced lengthwise along the tubular reactor providing high conversions of monomer into polymer. The invention also relates to polymers made from such a tubular reactor apparatus and processes including those polymers having a low haze value, a density over 0.92 g/cm3 and/or having terminal carbonyl groups. The apparatus and methods uncouple or reduce the dependency between the monomer concentration and transfer agent concentration. The uncoupling in other embodiments may also be varied leading to multiple desirable effects.
