摘要:
Ferroniobium, ferrotantalum and ferrovanadium alloys are hydrogenated to facilitate crushing then nitrided, and then acid-leached to produce a soluble iron nitride leachate and a niobium, tantalum or vanadium nitride residue which residue can be denitrided to yield the metal which can be recovered by melting.
摘要:
A process for preparing alloyed or non-alloyed, reactive metals by reaction of halides thereof, in particular chlorides, with a reducing agent at a temperature higher than the melting temperature of the metal to be developed, comprises solidifying the developed metal while maintaining in the reaction zone wherein the reduction proceeds, a layer of this metal in the liquid state, at a temperature higher than the boiling or sublimation temperature of the other reaction products at the pressure at which the reduction develops, these other reaction products being substantially continuously discharged in the gaseous state.
摘要:
Apparatus for producing low cost, high purity solar grade Si wherein a reduction reaction, preferably the reduction of SiF.sub.4, by an alkali metal (Na preferred) is carried out by jetting a spray of reactants into a reaction chamber at a rate and temperature which causes the reaction to take place far enough away from the entry region to avoid plugging of reactants at the entry region and wherein separation in the melt is carried out continuously from the reaction and the Si can be cast directly from the melt. The melt separation is provided by openings in the reaction chamber wall between about 2 to about 3.5 millimeters in width. The Si is retained within the reaction chamber due to its surface tension.
摘要:
The present invention provides a method for recovering vanadium, niobium, tantalum and zirconium from vanadiferous residues arising from the chlorination of titaniferous ores. Such residues contain chlorides of these metals and/or titanium, aluminum, iron, chromium and manganese together with carbon and unreacted titaniferous ore. The method comprises first moistening these residues with water and then treating them with hot water for a sufficient period of time to extract substantially all the vanadium into solution which is separated from insoluble material comprising carbon and unreacted titaniferous ore together with substantially all the niobium, tantalum and zirconium.
摘要:
A method of producing a non-metal element or a metal or an alloy thereof from a halide or mixtures thereof. The halide or mixtures thereof are contacted with a stream of liquid alkali metal or alkaline earth metal or mixtures thereof in sufficient quantity to convert the halide to the non-metal or the metal or alloy and to maintain the temperature of the reactants at a temperature lower than the lesser of the boiling point of the alkali or alkaline earth metal at atmospheric pressure or the sintering temperature of the produced non-metal or metal or alloy. A continuous method is disclosed, particularly applicable to titanium.
摘要:
The metals of Groups (IV)(B) or (V)(B) of the Periodic Table, or of the lanthanide series, e.g., titanium metal, are conveniently produced, notably in powder form, by reducing a salt of such a metal by contacting same with liquid admixture comprising lithium metal maintained dispersed in a bath of molten salts.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for recovering rare metals from the combustion residues of various coals, in particular brown coals. The recovery is performed by digestion, more particularly by aqueous and/or dilute alkaline and/or dilute acidic digestion, where two or three of these steps can be combined in any desired order or they may be carried out separately. During digestion the concentration of the solution is monitored and the subsequent digestion steps are terminated at a desired concentration. The solid and liquid phase are then separated and the rare metals are isolated from the liquid phase while the solid phase, optionally after neutralization and/or washing can be utilized for example as a source of energy.
摘要:
Apparatus for producing low cost, high purity solar grade Si wherein a reduction reaction, preferably the reduction of SiF.sub.4, by an alkali metal (Na preferred) is carried out by jetting a spray of reactants into a reaction chamber at a rate and temperature which causes the reaction to take place far enough away from the entry region to avoid plugging of reactants at the entry region and wherein separation in the melt is carried out continuously from the reaction and the Si can be cast directly from the melt. The melt separation is provided by openings in the reaction chamber wall between about 2 and 3.5 millimeters in width. The Si is retained within the reaction chamber due to its surface tension.
摘要:
The invention disclosed provides a process for recovering niobium values from aqueous hydrofluoric acid solutions by evaporating said solution to dryness and baking the residue at temperatures of 150.degree. to 250.degree. C. The solid residue is niobium oxyfluroide (NbO.sub.2 F) which may then be exothermically reduced with aluminum in the presence of an alloying element such as iron, nickel, or chromium to produce a niobium alloy. The evaporated hydrofluoric acid may be recovered by condensing or absorbing the evolved vapors.