摘要:
An ultrafiltration membrane is modified to exhibit low protein fouling and yet maintains a greater fraction of the original membrane permeability and retention properties after modification. This is achieved by grafting monomer onto the surface of a highly photoactive membrane such as polyethersulfone, via the process of dipping the polymeric membrane into a solution containing one or more monomers and a chain transfer agent, removing the membrane from the solution, securing the membrane inside of a quartz vessel contained within another vessel of liquid filter, and irradiating the membrane with a UV light at a wavelength between the range of 280 nm and 300 nm. High density grafting and shorter grafted monomer chain length result in low protein fouling and retention of permeability.
摘要:
A water dispersible polymer particle stabilized by a hydrophobically capped oligomeric acrylamide dispersant or a heterogeneous method for forming polymer particles comprising providing a water immiscible organic phase comprising at least one monomer dispersed in a continuous water phase and a hydrophobically capped oligomeric acrylamide, and polymerizing the organic phase to yield polymer particles stabilized with hydrophobically capped oligomeric acrylamide. Also, a heterogeneous method for forming polymer particles comprising providing a water immiscible organic dispersed in a continuous water phase, polymerizing the organic phase, and adding hydrophobically capped oligomeric acrylamide to yield polymer particles stabilized with hydrophobically capped oligomeric acrylamide.
摘要:
Polymers containing repeating units of: ##STR1## and optionally random distribution of other units derived from at least one vinyl monomer, R.sub.1 is H; alkyl, cycloalkyl or aryl each of which is unsubstituted or substituted by at least one halogen; ##STR2## (R.sub.7 is H, alkyl, cycloalkyl or aryl); A is a single bond; alkylene, cycloalkylene or arylene; or ##STR3## (B is alkylene, cycloalkylene or arylene); R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are alkyl, cycloalkyl or aryl; it being possible for at least one of R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 to contain at least one hydroxyl or carboxylic acid groups or to represent a polyoxyethylene or polyester sequence.These polymers are useful for the preparation of graft copolymers containing the units of the formula: ##STR4## where Po is a vinyl or a diene polymer sequence, and other vinyl units. These graft copolymers are useful especially as compatibility agents.
摘要:
A heat-curable electrocoating composition containing a polymer having pendant mercaptan groups and cross-linking agent having alpha-,beta-ethylenically unsaturated carbonyl groups can be electrodeposited onto a cathode substrate disposed within an aqueous electrocoating bath. Upon electrodeposition onto the substrate, the mercaptan groups cross-link with the alpha-,beta-ethylenically unsaturated carbonyl groups upon curing to form a fully cured electrodeposited coating on the cathode substrate.
摘要:
The present invention provides a protein aggregation inhibitor for use in preventing aggregation of a protein, containing a crosslinked polymer obtained by polymerizing polymerizable polymer components containing a sulfobetaine polymer obtained by polymerizing monomer components containing a sulfobetaine monomer, the sulfobetaine monomer, and a crosslinkable monomer.
摘要:
Disclosed is a radical polymerizable composition comprised of a polymer having a .pi.-electron conjugated structure having repeating units of a mono-substituted or di-substituted isothianaphthene structure, which is represented by the formula [Ia] and/or [Ib]: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 represent hydrogen, C1-C18 alkoxy group, or --O(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.n CH.sub.3 [n: 1 to 4] with the proviso that the case where both R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 represent hydrogen is excluded, X is an anion, y is from 0.01 to 1, and m is from 5 to 5,000,and a radical polymerizable compound. The radical polymerizable composition has a very stable electroconductivity in air and can be molded into an optional shape.
摘要:
A graft copolymer having a polymeric backbone with pendent hydroxyl groups; wherein the hydrogen atom of at least the one the hydroxyl groups is replaced by the formula ##STR1## where R is an aliphatic group, a cycloaliphatic group or an aromatic group; R.sup.1 is an alkylene group having 2-6 carbon atoms; R.sup.2 is a polymer segment of a vinyl addition polymer, such as butyl acrylate/hydroxyethyl acrylate; coating compositions of this copolymer can be cross-linked with conventional cross-linking agents such as an alkylated melamine formaldehyde resin or an organic polyisocyanate and coating compositions useful for flexible elastomeric substrates can be prepared from this copolymer.
摘要:
This invention relates to a two stage aqueous emulsion polymerization process for making graft copolymers. In the first stage, at least one first ethylenically unsaturated monomer is polymerized in the presence of at least one mercapto-olefin compound to form a macromonomer with terminal functional groups. In the second stage, at least one second ethylenically unsaturated monomer is polymerized in the presence of the macromonomer such that a copolymer is formed with a backbone of polymerized units of the at least one second ethylenically unsaturated monomer and side chains of the macromonomer.
摘要:
Addition polymers containing a plurality of terminal and/or pendant amine groups in which the nitrogen atom of at least some of such groups is of primary or secondary character, or aldimine or ketimine groups form the main film-forming component in compositions for coating and the like purposes, which also contain a polyfunctional acrylic monomer, such as ethylene glycol diacrylate, with or without monoethylenically unsaturated acrylic ester. Such compositions provide durable films having excellent mechanical and resistance properties even on ambient curing though baking may be used to accelerate the cure. A method of use is also disclosed in which the components are mixed in suitable vehicles, e.g. dispersant or solvent media, optionally with fillers and/or pigments, as desired, and after application of the composition, such as for coating, it is cured by exposure to ambient conditions, naturally occurring or controlled, or it is cured at elevated temperatures or by applying a plurality of curing conditions in succession, e.g. first to ambient conditions and subsequently to elevated temperatures in one or more stages of baking.
摘要:
A graft copolymer having a polymeric backbone with pendent hydroxyl groups; wherein the hydrogen atom of at least the one the hydroxyl groups is replaced by the formula ##STR1## where R is an aliphatic group, a cycloaliphatic group or an aromatic group; R.sup.1 is an alkylene group having 2-6 carbon atoms, R.sup.2 is a polymer segment of a vinyl addition polymer, such as butyl acrylate/hydroxyethyl acrylate; coating compositions of this copolymer can be cross-linked with conventional cross-linking agents such as an alkylated melamine formaldehyde resin or an organic polyisocyanate and coating compositions useful for flexible elastomeric substrates can be prepared from this copolymer.