Abstract:
Provided is a catalyst for adding a glycidyl ether to an active hydrogen-containing organic compound, comprising a complex oxide of magnesium and at least one element other than magnesium selected from the group consisting of the elements in the third period and the fourth period in the periodic table. Also provided is a process for producing a glycidyl ether adduct, which comprises subjecting an active hydrogen-containing organic compound and a glycidyl ether to an addition reaction in the presence of the above-mentioned catalyst. In the addition reaction between the active hydrogen-containing organic compound and the glycidyl ether, use of the catalyst of the present invention enables inhibition of an excess addition reaction of the glycidyl ether which is a successive reaction, and a mono- or di-(alkyl, alkenyl or phenyl) ether product in which one or two glycidyl ethers are added is selectively produced by adjusting the mole ratio of the active hydrogen-containing organic compound to the glycidyl ether to a specific range. Accordingly, the mono- or di-(alkyl, alkenyl or phenyl) ether product can be obtained at a high productivity with a high purity.
Abstract:
Novel sorbent systems for the desulfurization of cracked-gasoline and diesel fuels are provided which are comprised of a bimetallic promotor on a particulate support such as that formed of zinc oxide and an inorganic or organic carrier. Such bimetallic promotors are formed of at least two metals of the group consisting of nickel, cobalt, iron, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum, tungsten, silver, tin, antimony and vanadium with the valence of same being reduced, preferably to zero. Processes for the production of such sorbents are provided wherein the sorbent is prepared from impregnated particulate supports or admixed to the support composite prior to particulation, drying, and calcination. Further disclosed is the use of such novel sorbents in the desulfurization of cracked-gasoline and diesel fuels whereby there is achieved not only removal of sulfur but also an increase in the olefin retention in the desulfurized product. Such sorbents can also be utilized for the treatment of other sulfur-containing streams such as diesel fuels.
Abstract:
Hydrogen sulfide formation is suppressed by a three-way conversion catalyst having an underlayer and a topcoat overlying the under layer. The under layer is prepared by dispersing a Group IIa metal oxide such as an oxide of magnesium, calcium, barium or strontium on a carrier such as a refractory metal oxide monolith. A topcoat overlying the undercoat is comprised of a three-way conversion catalyst material such as a platinum-group metal catalytic component, e.g., platinum, palladium, rhodium or mixtures thereof.
Abstract:
A catalyst for decomposition of hydrocarbons, comprises porous oxide particles containing magnesium and aluminum, and fine metallic nickel particles which are present in the vicinity of surface of the respective porous oxide particles, and have an average particle diameter of 1 to 10 nm, said catalyst having a nickel content of 0.15 to 12% by weight based on the weight of the catalyst and a molar ratio of nickel to a sum of magnesium, nickel and aluminum of 0.001 to 0.12 in which a molar ratio of magnesium to aluminum (Mg:Al) is 4:1 to 1.5:1. The catalyst for decomposition of hydrocarbons, is capable of maintaining as small a particle size of metallic nickel particles as not more than 10 nm at a considerably reduced nickel content, and exhibits an excellent anti-coking property even under a low steam atmosphere.
Abstract:
To carry out a heterogeneously catalysed reaction, such as for example the generation of hydrogen from hydrocarbons or alcohol, in particular methanol, in which a reaction mixture comprising hydrocarbon and water is fed onto a catalyst, a catalyst is proposed which is produced by compressing at least one catalyst powder into a highly compressed layer which forms a shaped body, it being possible to press the reaction mixture through the catalyst layer with a pressure drop.
Abstract:
A catalyst for treating an exhaust gas stream comprising an alkali metal oxide component in combination with an alkaline earth/support component.
Abstract:
A catalyst for adsorbing oxides of nitrogen from the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine, comprising an alkaline earth active catalyst site, and a transition metal oxide having a surface area of at least about 75 m2/g.
Abstract:
In a formulation comprising titanium dioxide as a photocatalyst and an amphoteric metal oxide (alumina or the like) or a basic metal oxide (barium oxide, strontium oxide or the like) as a material having a base point, when a nitrogen oxide (nitrogen monoxide) comes into contact with or approaches titanium dioxide, upon exposed to light, the carbon monoxide is oxidized to nitrogen dioxide (gas) by hydroxy radicals as an active oxygen species produced by titanium dioxide. As is apparent from the molecular structure, nitrogen dioxide is an acidic gas, alumina is an amphoteric metal oxide, and barium oxide and strontium oxide are a basic metal oxide. The oxygen atom thereof serves as a base point to an acid gas. Therefore, nitrogen dioxide is attracted and chemically bonded to the oxygen atom, held on the metal oxide, and kept close to titanium dioxide as the photocatalyst.
Abstract:
A catalyst for ester production which comprises zirconium oxide, copper, and at least one oxide selected from the group consisting of zinc oxide, chromium oxide, aluminum oxide and silicon oxide, and is obtainable by reducing with hydrogen a catalyst precursor prepared by the reaction of a salt containing at least one of metals constituting the oxides, a zirconium salt and a copper salt with an alkali hydroxide; and a process for producing an ester which comprises bringing either an alcohol or an alcohol and an aldehyde into contact with this catalyst in a gas phase.