Abstract:
According to an aspect of the disclosure, a glass manufacturing system includes a hot-end subsystem, including: a submerged combustion melter that melts feedstock to produce molten glass; a stiller that receives the molten glass from the submerged combustion melter and that includes a stilling tank to still the molten glass and that is configured to control outflow of the stilled molten glass to effectively decouple viscosity of the molten glass from the flow rate of the molten glass and thereby control finer molten glass levels; and a finer that is mechanically decoupled from the stiller, and that receives and fines the stilled molten glass to produce fined molten glass. Many other aspects of the system are also disclosed and claimed.
Abstract:
A method of producing glass includes receiving unrefined molten glass in a stilling chamber of a stilling tank at a fluctuating flow rate. An intermediate pool of molten glass is held within the stilling chamber of the stilling tank and is heated therein by one or more non-submerged burners. Molten glass flows from the intermediate pool of molten glass to a transfer pool of molten glass held in a spout chamber of a feeding spout that is appended to the stilling tank. A molten glass feed can be drawn from the transfer pool of molten glass and delivered from the feeding spout at a controlled flow rate.
Abstract:
A method of forming high strength glass fibers in a refractory-lined glass melter, products made there from and batch compositions suited for use in the method are disclosed. The glass composition for use in the method of the present invention is up to about 64-75 weight percent SiO2, 16-24 weight percent Al2O3, 8-12 weight percent MgO and 0.25-3 weight percent R2O, where R2O equals the sum of Li2O and Na2O, has a fiberizing temperature less than about 2650° F., and a ΔT of at least 80° F. By using oxide-based refractory-lined furnaces the cost of production of glass fibers is substantially reduced in comparison with the cost of fibers produced using a platinum-lined melting furnace. High strength composite articles including the high strength glass fibers are also disclosed.
Abstract:
A method of forming high strength glass fibers in a glass melter substantially free of platinum or other noble metal materials, products made there from and batch compositions suited for use in the method are disclosed. One glass composition for use in the present invention includes 50-75 weight % SiO2, 13-30 weight % Al2O3, 5-20 weight % MgO, 0-10 weight % CaO, 0 to 5 weight % R2O where R2O is the sum of Li2O, Na2O and K2O, has a higher fiberizing temperature, e.g. 2400-2900° F. (1316-1593° C.) and/or a liquidus temperature that is below the fiberizing temperature by as little as 45° F. (25° C.). Another glass composition for use in the method of the present invention is up to about 64-75 weight percent SiO2, 16-24 weight percent Al2O3, 8-12 weight percent MgO and 0.25-3 weight percent R2O, where R2O equals the sum of Li2O, Na2O and K2O, has a fiberizing temperature less than about 2650° F. (1454° C.), and a ΔT of at least 80° F. (45° C.). A forehearth for transporting molten glass from the glass melter to a forming position is disclosed. By using furnaces and/or forehearths substantially free of platinum or other noble metal materials, the cost of production of glass fibers is significantly reduced in comparison with the cost of fibers produced using a melting furnace lined with noble metal materials. High strength composite articles including the high strength glass fibers are also disclosed.
Abstract:
Methods of processing molten material comprising the step (I) of flowing molten material through an interior of a conduit from a first station to a second station of a glass manufacturing apparatus and the step (II) of cooling the molten material within the interior of the conduit by passing a cooling fluid along an exterior of the conduit. The method further includes the step (III) of directing a travel path of the cooling fluid toward a vertical plane passing through the conduit. In further examples, a glass manufacturing apparatus comprises a first station, a second station, and a conduit configured to provide a travel path for molten material traveling from the first station to the second station. The glass manufacturing apparatus further comprises at least one baffle configured to direct a travel path of cooling fluid toward a vertical plane passing through the conduit.
Abstract:
A method of forming high strength glass fibers in a continuous system is provided. The method includes supplying a glass batch to a glass melting furnace lined with a material substantially free of noble metals. The glass batch comprises about 50-about 75 weight percent SiO2, about 15-about 30 weight percent Al2O3, about 5-about 20 weight percent MgO, about 0-about 10 weight percent CaO, about 0.25-about 5 weigh percent R2O. The method further includes melting the glass batch in the furnace and forming a pool of molten glass in contact with the furnace glass contact surface, transporting the molten glass from the furnace to the bushing using a forehearth that is at least partially lined with a material substantially free of noble metal materials, discharging the molten glass from the forehearth into the bushing; and forming the molten glass into continuous fibers.
Abstract translation:提供了一种在连续系统中形成高强度玻璃纤维的方法。 该方法包括将玻璃批料供应到内衬有基本上不含贵金属的材料的玻璃熔炉中。 玻璃批料包含约50-约75重量%的SiO 2,约15-约30重量%的Al 2 O 3,约5-约20重量%的MgO,约0-约10重量%的CaO,约0.25-约5重量%的R 2 O. 该方法还包括在炉中熔化玻璃批料并形成与炉玻璃接触表面接触的熔融玻璃池,使用至少部分衬有材料的熔融玻璃将熔融玻璃从熔炉输送到衬套 不含贵金属材料,将熔融玻璃从前炉排出到衬套中; 并将熔融玻璃形成连续纤维。
Abstract:
A method of forming high strength glass fibers in a refractory-lined glass meter, products made there from and batch compositions suited for use in the method are disclosed. The glass composition for use in the method of the present invention is up to about 64-75 weight percent SiO2, 16-24 weight percent Al2O3, 8-12 weight percent MgO and 0.25-3 weight percent R2O, where R2O equals the sum of Li2O and Na2O, has a fiberizing temperature less than about 2650° F., and a ΔT of at least 80° F. By using oxide-based refractory-lined furnaces the cost of production of glass fibers is substantially reduced in comparison with the cost of fibers produced using a platinum-lined melting furnace. High strength composite articles including the high strength glass fibers are also disclosed.
Abstract:
Channel apparatus for use with submerged combustion systems and methods of use to produce glass. One channel apparatus includes a flow channel defined by a floor, a roof, and a wall structure connecting the floor and roof, the flow channel divided into sections by a series of skimmers. Channel apparatus include both high and low momentum combustion burners, with one or more high momentum combustion burners positioned immediately upstream of each skimmer in either the roof or sidewall structure, or both, and one or more low momentum combustion burners positioned immediately downstream of each skimmer in either the roof, the sidewall structure, or both, and positioned to transfer heat to the molten mass of glass without substantial interference from foamed material. Certain embodiments include increased height of glass-contact refractory, in particular immediately upstream of the skimmers.
Abstract:
An apparatus for use in controlling a temperature of an oblong-shaped molten glass-carrying vessel, such as a conduit for transporting the molten glass from one location to another location, by flowing a current through the vessel. The apparatus comprises a metal flange comprising a plurality of electrically-conductive rings that include an inner ring joined to the vessel's exterior wall and an outer ring surrounding the inner ring. The inner ring, for example, may include an outer perimeter that is substantially oblong. In some embodiments the inner ring comprises a notch that aids in making current density more uniform. In some examples the width of the inner ring, excluding the notch, does not substantially vary as a function of angular position relative to the vessel.
Abstract:
Systems and methods are provided for controlling temperature in a glass forehearth. In one implementation, a system includes at least one burner disposed in said forehearth, a manifold coupled to said burner, a combustion fuel supply coupled to said burner, a combustion air blower for delivering ambient air under pressure to said manifold, and a controller coupled to said burner for controlling operation of said burner. The system may include a temperature sensor operatively coupled downstream of the blower for providing to the controller a temperature signal indicative of temperature of air delivered to the manifold by the blower. The controller may be responsive to the temperature signal for controlling operation of the burner as a function of current temperature of air fed to the manifold. Operation of the burner may also be controlled as a function of an average air temperature over a preceding time duration.