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公开(公告)号：US20100276298A1
公开(公告)日：2010-11-04
申请号：US12467618
申请日：2009-05-18
申请人： Paul R. Kruesi
发明人： Paul R. Kruesi
CPC分类号： C25B3/00
摘要： The invention provides methods of forming lower alkyls and alcohols from carbon sources thermally and/or electrolytically.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了从热源和/或电解的碳源形成低级烷基和醇的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US4118200A
公开(公告)日：1978-10-03
申请号：US813801
申请日：1977-07-08
申请人： Paul R. Kruesi
发明人： Paul R. Kruesi
CPC分类号： C10L9/00 , Y10S423/12
摘要： The desulfurization of both inorganic and organic sulfur constituents of coal by treating the coal in a liquid fused salt bath in the presence of chlorine to react the sulfur containing constituents with chlorine to form chlorides and elemental sulfur. The liquid fused salt bath is comprised of the chlorides of ferric iron, alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, ammonia, and zinc.
摘要翻译： 通过在氯存在下在液体熔融盐浴中处理煤以使含硫成分与氯反应以形成氯化物和元素硫，来对煤的无机和有机硫成分进行脱硫。 液体熔融盐浴由三价铁，碱金属，碱土金属，氨和锌的氯化物组成。
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公开(公告)号：US4321089A
公开(公告)日：1982-03-23
申请号：US158449
申请日：1980-06-11
摘要： A process for the recovery of molybdenum and rhenium from their sulfide ores which comprises subjecting the ores to microwave energy in the presence of oxygen to selectively heat the sulfides to convert them to oxides, and recovering the formed oxides. Alternatively, the sulfides in the ore are selectively heated with microwave energy in the presence of chlorine to convert them to the corresponding chlorides, and the metals recovered from the chlorides.
摘要翻译： 一种从其硫化矿石中回收钼和铼的方法，其中包括在氧气存在下对矿石进行微波能量以选择性加热硫化物以将其转化为氧化物，并回收形成的氧化物。 或者，矿石中的硫化物在氯存在下用微波能量选择性加热，以将它们转化为相应的氯化物，并且从氯化物中回收金属。
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公开(公告)号：US4209501A
公开(公告)日：1980-06-24
申请号：US872
申请日：1979-01-04
申请人： Paul R. Kruesi
发明人： Paul R. Kruesi
摘要： A process for forming a metal chloride of a metal or its compound comprising forming a liquid fused salt bath mixture of at least two metal chlorides with one of the chlorides being selected from the group consisting of ferric chloride, ferrous chloride, cupric chloride and cuprous chloride, and introducing the metal or compound into the liquid fused salt bath in the presence of a chlorine source to form the metal chloride and elemental sulfur, and recovering the formed chloride from the liquid fused salt bath mixture. Chlorine gas or sulfur chloride may be introduced into the bath as an additional source of chlorine for reaction with the metal and for the generation of a portion of the ferrous chloride or cuprous chloride into ferric chloride or cupric chloride.
摘要翻译： 一种形成金属或其化合物的金属氯化物的方法，包括形成至少两种金属氯化物的液体熔融盐浴混合物，其中一种氯化物选自氯化铁，氯化亚铁，氯化铜和氯化亚铜 ，并在氯源的存在下将金属或化合物引入液体熔融盐浴中以形成金属氯化物和元素硫，并从液体熔融盐浴混合物中回收形成的氯化物。 可以将氯气或氯化硫作为额外的氯源引入浴中，以与金属反应并将一部分氯化亚铁或氯化亚铜生成氯化铁或氯化铜。
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公开(公告)号：US07955749B2
公开(公告)日：2011-06-07
申请号：US10598517
申请日：2005-03-02
申请人： Paul R. Kruesi
发明人： Paul R. Kruesi
CPC分类号： H01M8/08 , H01M8/0232 , H01M8/0234 , H01M8/1009 , H01M8/143 , H01M8/18 , H01M2008/1095 , H01M2300/0014 , Y02E60/528
摘要： A fuel cell in which carbon and water react to form hydrogen or water. The cells utilize electrolyte materials that hold or coordinate water to allow the useful reaction of carbon and water at moderate temperatures without the use of expensive pressure reactors. Activated carbon or carbon recovered from organic waste is used to fuel these cells to produce hydrogen gas or carbon dioxide and power at moderate temperatures and at very low cost.
摘要翻译： 碳和水反应形成氢或水的燃料电池。 电池利用电解质材料，其保持或协调水，以允许碳和水在适中温度下的有用反应，而不需要使用昂贵的压力反应器。 从有机废物回收的活性碳或碳被用于燃料这些电池产生氢气或二氧化碳，并在中等温度和非常低的成本下供电。
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公开(公告)号：US07544227B2
公开(公告)日：2009-06-09
申请号：US10843675
申请日：2004-05-10
申请人： Paul R. Kruesi , Derek John Fray
发明人： Paul R. Kruesi , Derek John Fray
IPC分类号： C22B9/22
CPC分类号： C22B7/002 , C22B4/00 , C22B5/08 , C22B5/10 , C22B9/225 , C22B15/0019 , C22B15/0023 , C22B15/0054 , C22B23/021 , Y02P10/212
摘要： Methods of enhancing the segregation roast through the use of microwave radiation and chloride ions are disclosed. The processes provide means of recovering metals trapped in ores and slags by reaction of these materials with carbon, chloride and water using microwave radiation as the primary energy source. The metals may be present in starting materials such as metallic sulfides, slags, metallic oxides such as laterites, magnetites, iron oxides, silicates and carbonates. The metals are reduced and can be recovered by separation from the gangue. Water, carbon and chloride can be recycled to the reaction to reduce costs.
摘要翻译： 公开了通过使用微波辐射和氯离子增强分离焙烧的方法。 这些方法提供了通过使用微波辐射作为主要能量来将这些材料与碳，氯化物和水反应回收在矿石和炉渣中的金属的手段。 金属可以存在于诸如金属硫化物，炉渣，金属氧化物如红土，磁铁矿，氧化铁，硅酸盐和碳酸盐的原料中。 金属被还原，可以通过与ang石分离来回收。 水，碳和氯可以回收到反应中以降低成本。
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公开(公告)号：US07425315B2
公开(公告)日：2008-09-16
申请号：US10831511
申请日：2004-04-23
申请人： Paul R. Kruesi
发明人： Paul R. Kruesi
IPC分类号： C01B31/02
CPC分类号： B09B3/00 , B09B3/0083 , B09B3/0091 , C01B13/10 , C01B32/05 , C10J3/00 , C10J2300/0946 , C10J2300/0969
摘要： The invention provides methods for extracting energy from organic materials through the production of carbon and water by contacting the organic material with a carbon-oxide gas such as carbon dioxide and/or carbon monoxide at a temperature between about 200° C. and about 600° C. The reactions may be enhanced through the use of microwave irradiation, catalysts and pressure. These methods are helpful in the production of energy while utilizing carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide gases and limiting the landfill of organic materials.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了通过在约200℃至约600℃的温度下使有机材料与碳氧化物气体如二氧化碳和/或一氧化碳接触而通过生产碳和水来从有机材料中提取能量的方法 C.可以通过使用微波照射，催化剂和压力来增强反应。 这些方法有助于生产能源，同时利用二氧化碳和一氧化碳气体，限制有机材料的填埋。
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8.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5332560A
公开(公告)日：1994-07-26
申请号：US27554
申请日：1993-03-05
申请人： William H. Kruesi , Paul R. Kruesi
发明人： William H. Kruesi , Paul R. Kruesi
CPC分类号： C22B23/0453 , C01G3/14 , C22B15/0078 , C22B19/24 , C22B19/26 , C22B19/28 , C22B19/30 , C22B23/0446 , Y02P10/234 , Y02P10/236
摘要： A method for the recovery of copper from copper-containing materials, for example, scrap, ores or dust. An aqueous cupric tetrammine sulfate lixiviant is contacted with the copper-containing material to produce a leachate containing cuprous, nickel, and zinc ions, ammonium sulfate and free ammonia. Copper can be recovered from the leachate by electrolysis. Nickel and zinc can be precipitated from the resulting spent electrolyte by oxidizing substantially all of the cuprous ions in the copper ammine sulfate solution to cupric ions and lowering the pH of the solution to a range from about pH 7.5 to about pH 8.0 in order to form a precipitate. Alternatively, copper sulfate can be added to the cupric ammine sulfate-containing solution in order to form nickel and/or zinc containing precipitate.
摘要翻译： 从含铜材料例如废料，矿石或灰尘中回收铜的方法。 硫酸铜硫酸盐浸液与含铜材料接触以产生含有亚铜，镍和锌离子的渗滤液，硫酸铵和游离氨。 铜可以通过电解从渗滤液中回收。 通过将硫酸铜铜溶液中的基本上所有的亚铜离子氧化成铜离子并将溶液的pH降低到约pH7.5至约pH8.0的范围内，可以从所得到的废电解质中沉淀出镍和锌，以便形成 沉淀。 或者，可以将硫酸铜加入到含铜硫酸铵溶液中以形成含有镍和/或锌的沉淀物。
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公开(公告)号：US5173276A
公开(公告)日：1992-12-22
申请号：US530824
申请日：1990-05-30
申请人： William H. Kruesi
发明人： William H. Kruesi
CPC分类号： C01G3/14 , C22B15/0078 , Y02P10/236
摘要： A process for precipitating solid hydrates of cupric tetrammine sulfate from a solution, wherein the solution contains at least 40 grams per liter of free ammonia, at least 50 grams per liter of ammonium sulfate and wherein the temperature of the solution is less than 21.degree. C. The hydrates of cupric tetrammine sulfate can be converted to additional useful copper compounds.
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公开(公告)号：US4631176A
公开(公告)日：1986-12-23
申请号：US400947
申请日：1982-07-22
申请人： Paul R. Kruesi
发明人： Paul R. Kruesi
CPC分类号： C22B3/0068 , C01G9/003 , C01G9/04 , C22B3/0012 , C22B3/0016 , Y02P10/234 , Y10S423/14
摘要： A process for the recovery of anhydrous zinc chloride from aqueous solutions containing zinc chloride and typical impurities, comprising: extracting zinc chloride onto a suitable organic extractant such as TBP; stripping the organic extractant with an organic reagent immiscible in the extractant, such as ethylene glycol; adding ammonia or other ammine donor to the loaded organic strip to precipitate a zinc chloride-ammine composition which may be decomposed to anhydrous zinc chloride by heating. The anhydrous zinc chloride is of high purity suitable for fused salt electrolysis to produce elemental zinc.
摘要翻译： 一种从含有氯化锌和典型杂质的水溶液中回收无水氯化锌的方法，包括：将氯化锌提取到合适的有机萃取剂如TBP上; 用萃取剂中不混溶的有机试剂如乙二醇汽提有机萃取剂; 将氨或其他氨供体加入到负载的有机条中以沉淀可通过加热分解成无水氯化锌的氯化锌 - 氨矿组合物。 无水氯化锌具有高纯度，适用于熔盐电解生产元素锌。
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