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公开(公告)号：US20100276298A1
公开(公告)日：2010-11-04
申请号：US12467618
申请日：2009-05-18
Applicant: Paul R. Kruesi
Inventor： Paul R. Kruesi
CPC classification number: C25B3/00
Abstract: The invention provides methods of forming lower alkyls and alcohols from carbon sources thermally and/or electrolytically.
Abstract translation: 本发明提供了从热源和/或电解的碳源形成低级烷基和醇的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US4118200A
公开(公告)日：1978-10-03
申请号：US813801
申请日：1977-07-08
Applicant: Paul R. Kruesi
Inventor： Paul R. Kruesi
CPC classification number: C10L9/00 , Y10S423/12
Abstract: The desulfurization of both inorganic and organic sulfur constituents of coal by treating the coal in a liquid fused salt bath in the presence of chlorine to react the sulfur containing constituents with chlorine to form chlorides and elemental sulfur. The liquid fused salt bath is comprised of the chlorides of ferric iron, alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, ammonia, and zinc.
Abstract translation: 通过在氯存在下在液体熔融盐浴中处理煤以使含硫成分与氯反应以形成氯化物和元素硫，来对煤的无机和有机硫成分进行脱硫。 液体熔融盐浴由三价铁，碱金属，碱土金属，氨和锌的氯化物组成。
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公开(公告)号：US07955749B2
公开(公告)日：2011-06-07
申请号：US10598517
申请日：2005-03-02
Applicant: Paul R. Kruesi
Inventor： Paul R. Kruesi
CPC classification number: H01M8/08 , H01M8/0232 , H01M8/0234 , H01M8/1009 , H01M8/143 , H01M8/18 , H01M2008/1095 , H01M2300/0014 , Y02E60/528
Abstract: A fuel cell in which carbon and water react to form hydrogen or water. The cells utilize electrolyte materials that hold or coordinate water to allow the useful reaction of carbon and water at moderate temperatures without the use of expensive pressure reactors. Activated carbon or carbon recovered from organic waste is used to fuel these cells to produce hydrogen gas or carbon dioxide and power at moderate temperatures and at very low cost.
Abstract translation: 碳和水反应形成氢或水的燃料电池。 电池利用电解质材料，其保持或协调水，以允许碳和水在适中温度下的有用反应，而不需要使用昂贵的压力反应器。 从有机废物回收的活性碳或碳被用于燃料这些电池产生氢气或二氧化碳，并在中等温度和非常低的成本下供电。
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公开(公告)号：US07544227B2
公开(公告)日：2009-06-09
申请号：US10843675
申请日：2004-05-10
Applicant: Paul R. Kruesi , Derek John Fray
Inventor： Paul R. Kruesi , Derek John Fray
IPC: C22B9/22
CPC classification number: C22B7/002 , C22B4/00 , C22B5/08 , C22B5/10 , C22B9/225 , C22B15/0019 , C22B15/0023 , C22B15/0054 , C22B23/021 , Y02P10/212
Abstract: Methods of enhancing the segregation roast through the use of microwave radiation and chloride ions are disclosed. The processes provide means of recovering metals trapped in ores and slags by reaction of these materials with carbon, chloride and water using microwave radiation as the primary energy source. The metals may be present in starting materials such as metallic sulfides, slags, metallic oxides such as laterites, magnetites, iron oxides, silicates and carbonates. The metals are reduced and can be recovered by separation from the gangue. Water, carbon and chloride can be recycled to the reaction to reduce costs.
Abstract translation: 公开了通过使用微波辐射和氯离子增强分离焙烧的方法。 这些方法提供了通过使用微波辐射作为主要能量来将这些材料与碳，氯化物和水反应回收在矿石和炉渣中的金属的手段。 金属可以存在于诸如金属硫化物，炉渣，金属氧化物如红土，磁铁矿，氧化铁，硅酸盐和碳酸盐的原料中。 金属被还原，可以通过与ang石分离来回收。 水，碳和氯可以回收到反应中以降低成本。
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公开(公告)号：US07425315B2
公开(公告)日：2008-09-16
申请号：US10831511
申请日：2004-04-23
Applicant: Paul R. Kruesi
Inventor： Paul R. Kruesi
IPC: C01B31/02
CPC classification number: B09B3/00 , B09B3/0083 , B09B3/0091 , C01B13/10 , C01B32/05 , C10J3/00 , C10J2300/0946 , C10J2300/0969
Abstract: The invention provides methods for extracting energy from organic materials through the production of carbon and water by contacting the organic material with a carbon-oxide gas such as carbon dioxide and/or carbon monoxide at a temperature between about 200° C. and about 600° C. The reactions may be enhanced through the use of microwave irradiation, catalysts and pressure. These methods are helpful in the production of energy while utilizing carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide gases and limiting the landfill of organic materials.
Abstract translation: 本发明提供了通过在约200℃至约600℃的温度下使有机材料与碳氧化物气体如二氧化碳和/或一氧化碳接触而通过生产碳和水来从有机材料中提取能量的方法 C.可以通过使用微波照射，催化剂和压力来增强反应。 这些方法有助于生产能源，同时利用二氧化碳和一氧化碳气体，限制有机材料的填埋。
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Patent Agency Ranking
公开(公告)号：US3972711A
公开(公告)日：1976-08-03
申请号：US554685
申请日：1975-03-03
Applicant: Duane N. Goens , Paul R. Kruesi
Inventor： Duane N. Goens , Paul R. Kruesi
CPC classification number: C22B15/0086 , C01G3/05 , C22B15/0069 , C22B15/0093 , Y02P10/236
Abstract: A process is disclosed for separating cuprous chloride from a solution comprising cuprous chloride and at least one metal chloride compatible with the solubility of cuprous chloride, the process comprising crystallizing the cuprous chloride from the solution in the presence of cupric chloride in an amount such that the cupric chloride to compatible metal chloride mole ratio is at least about 0.1. In one embodiment, the process is employed for recovering substantially pure copper from copper sulfide concentrates, generally containing one or more metal impurities, the basic process comprising, leaching the copper sulfide concentrates with ferric chloride to produce a leach solution comprising cuprous chloride, cupric chloride, ferrous chloride and the metal impurities, crystallizing a substantial portion of the cuprous chloride from the leach solution in order to produce cuprous chloride crystals and a mother liquor, separating the crystallized cuprous chloride from the mother liquor, reducing the crystallized cuprous chloride to substantially pure elemental copper, treating a substantial portion of the mother liquor with oxygen and hydrochloric acid to produce iron oxide, cupric chloride and ferric chloride, and treating the remainder of the mother liquor in order to remove the impurities.
Abstract translation: 公开了一种从包含氯化亚铜和至少一种与氯化亚铜的溶解度相容的金属氯化物的溶液中分离氯化亚铜的方法，该方法包括在氯化铜存在下从溶液中结晶氯化亚铜，其量使得 氯化铜与相容金属氯化物的摩尔比至少约为0.1。 在一个实施方案中，该方法用于从通常含有一种或多种金属杂质的硫化铜浓缩物中回收基本上纯的铜，其基本方法包括将硫化铜精矿与氯化铁浸出以产生包含氯化亚铜，氯化铜的浸出溶液 ，氯化亚铁和金属杂质，从浸出溶液中结晶大部分氯化亚铜，以产生氯化亚铜晶体和母液，将结晶的氯化亚铜与母液分离，将结晶的氯化亚铜还原成基本上纯的 元素铜，用氧和盐酸处理大部分母液以产生氧化铁，氯化铜和氯化铁，并处理剩余的母液以除去杂质。
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7.发明授权Ammonium chloride-ammonium hydroxide strip for the recovery of anhydrous zinc chloride 失效氯化铵 - 氢氧化铵带用于回收无水氯化锌
公开(公告)号：US4500498A
公开(公告)日：1985-02-19
申请号：US571935
申请日：1984-01-19
Applicant: Paul R. Kruesi , William H. Kruesi
Inventor： Paul R. Kruesi , William H. Kruesi
CPC classification number: C22B3/0016 , C01G9/003 , C01G9/04 , C22B3/0012 , C22B3/0068 , Y02P10/234
Abstract: Anhydrous zinc chloride is produced from an aqueous feed solution containing zinc chloride from an aqueous feed solution containing zinc chloride. The zinc chloride is extracted onto an organic extractant known to the art such as tributyl phosphate, primary, secondary or tertiary amines, and quaternary amine salts. The loaded extractant is then stripped with aqueous stripping solution containing ammonium chloride and ammonium hydroxide. The zinc ammine chloride formed in this aqueous stripping solution is separated from the stripping solution and can then be heated to form anhydrous zinc chloride and ammonia. This anhydrous zinc chloride is suitable as a feed material to a fused salt electrolysis process for the production of zinc.
Abstract translation: 从含有氯化锌的水性进料溶液的含有氯化锌的水性进料溶液中制备无水氯化锌。 将氯化锌萃取到本领域已知的有机萃取剂中，例如磷酸三丁酯，伯，仲或叔胺和季胺盐。 然后用含有氯化铵和氢氧化铵的水性剥离溶液汽提装载的萃取剂。 将该水性剥离溶液中形成的氯化亚锡氯化物与汽提溶液分离，然后加热形成无水氯化锌和氨。 该无水氯化锌适合用作生产锌的熔盐电解方法的原料。
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公开(公告)号：US4323390A
公开(公告)日：1982-04-06
申请号：US105614
申请日：1979-12-20
Applicant: Paul R. Kruesi , Veryl H. Frahm, Jr.
Inventor： Paul R. Kruesi , Veryl H. Frahm, Jr.
CPC classification number: C22C1/0425 , B22F1/0088
Abstract: Copper powder is produced from brass by reacting the brass with hydrochloric acid in an oxygen-free atmosphere at a temperature of at least 70.degree. C. until the non-copper metals and impurities of the brass are dissolved, oxidizing at least 10 percent by weight of the resulting copper to copper oxides, grinding the copper-copper oxide to a powder and removing the copper oxides of the powder to obtain a pure copper powder.
Abstract translation: 通过使黄铜与盐酸在无氧气氛中在至少70℃的温度下反应直至黄铜的非铜金属和杂质溶解，氧化至少10重量％ 的铜铜氧化物，将铜 - 铜氧化物研磨成粉末，除去粉末的氧化铜，得到纯铜粉末。
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公开(公告)号：US4321089A
公开(公告)日：1982-03-23
申请号：US158449
申请日：1980-06-11
Applicant: Paul R. Kruesi , Veryl H. Frahm, Jr.
Inventor： Paul R. Kruesi , Veryl H. Frahm, Jr.
Abstract: A process for the recovery of molybdenum and rhenium from their sulfide ores which comprises subjecting the ores to microwave energy in the presence of oxygen to selectively heat the sulfides to convert them to oxides, and recovering the formed oxides. Alternatively, the sulfides in the ore are selectively heated with microwave energy in the presence of chlorine to convert them to the corresponding chlorides, and the metals recovered from the chlorides.
Abstract translation: 一种从其硫化矿石中回收钼和铼的方法，其中包括在氧气存在下对矿石进行微波能量以选择性加热硫化物以将其转化为氧化物，并回收形成的氧化物。 或者，矿石中的硫化物在氯存在下用微波能量选择性加热，以将它们转化为相应的氯化物，并且从氯化物中回收金属。
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公开(公告)号：US4209501A
公开(公告)日：1980-06-24
申请号：US872
申请日：1979-01-04
Applicant: Paul R. Kruesi
Inventor： Paul R. Kruesi
CPC classification number: C01B9/02 , C01G21/16 , C01G3/05 , C01G5/02 , C01G7/00 , C01G9/04 , Y10S423/12
Abstract: A process for forming a metal chloride of a metal or its compound comprising forming a liquid fused salt bath mixture of at least two metal chlorides with one of the chlorides being selected from the group consisting of ferric chloride, ferrous chloride, cupric chloride and cuprous chloride, and introducing the metal or compound into the liquid fused salt bath in the presence of a chlorine source to form the metal chloride and elemental sulfur, and recovering the formed chloride from the liquid fused salt bath mixture. Chlorine gas or sulfur chloride may be introduced into the bath as an additional source of chlorine for reaction with the metal and for the generation of a portion of the ferrous chloride or cuprous chloride into ferric chloride or cupric chloride.
Abstract translation: 一种形成金属或其化合物的金属氯化物的方法，包括形成至少两种金属氯化物的液体熔融盐浴混合物，其中一种氯化物选自氯化铁，氯化亚铁，氯化铜和氯化亚铜 ，并在氯源的存在下将金属或化合物引入液体熔融盐浴中以形成金属氯化物和元素硫，并从液体熔融盐浴混合物中回收形成的氯化物。 可以将氯气或氯化硫作为额外的氯源引入浴中，以与金属反应并将一部分氯化亚铁或氯化亚铜生成氯化铁或氯化铜。
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