摘要:
A method for continuously providing pretreated molten iron for casting objects which solidify as compacted cast iron, in which inoculating agents are added immediately prior to casting, in exact quantities. In practicing the method, the ability of the fully treated cast iron to crystallize is measured and the result of this measurement is used for feedback control of the supply of inoculating agent, this supply being effected at the last possible stage of the treatment process, so as to optimize the amount of inoculating agent introduced to the system. Since the inoculating a gent will normally include FeSi, it will also fed back and used to increase or reduce the addition of agents for adjusting the carbon and/or silicon contents of the iron as necessary.
摘要:
A metal melt casting apparatus comprises a vessel for containing the melt and having a wall portion having a downwardly pointing melt tapping hole, the vessel tilting so that this wall portion can be raised and lowered. A fountain has a top for receiving the melt when registered with said tapping hole and a bottom for connection with the bottom of a mold. A gas-tight elastically deflectible sealing means interconnects the tapping hole and the fountain top when the mentioned wall portion is lowered thereon by tilting of the vessel. The sealing means is made in the form of two parts which elastically flexibly engage when the converter wall with the tapping hole is lowered on the top of the fountain, one part being connected to the wall and the other part being connected to the fountain. The sealing means is provided with a gas passage so that the tapping metal stream may be subject to evacuation for degassing or surrounded by an inert gas.
摘要:
The present invention provides a possibility to evaluate cooling curves recorded in near-eutectic cast iron melts. The curves are evaluated by generated in the melt in the center of the sample to the melt as a function of time. This information is then used to identify the part of the centrally recorded cooling curve that can be used as a basis for determining the amount of structure-modifying agent that must be added to produce compacted graphite cast iron, and/or spheroidal graphite cast iron, and to identify the part of said curve that is associated with formation of primary austenite.
摘要:
A method for producing metal castings comprising the steps of: i) providing a conditioning furnace, having an inlet channel and an outlet channel, with pre-treated molten metal; and ii) reducing the height of molten metal in the outlet channel to a level (h.sub.1) lower than the level of the molten metal in the conditioning furnace (h.sub.0) such that the molten metal in the spout and in the outlet channel, at least partly, is brought back into the furnace body where it can be recharged with a nucleating and/or structure modifying agent, iii) adding further nucleating and/or structure agent to the molten metal when necessary, iv) mixing the melt in the furnace when necessary and v) after the stoppage, casting the melt with the desired content of structure modifying agent.
摘要:
A continuously cast metal strand has its solidified skin supported by a series of closely interspaced pairs of rollers and for stirring at least one magnetic stirrer is positioned outside of some of these rollers with the latter being made of non-magnetic material so they are penetrated by the stirrer's flux to permit magnetic stirring of molten metal within the skin.
摘要:
A DC arc furnace having a hearth through which electric power can be transmitted to a melt formed on the hearth to form a positive connection permitting the arcing electrode or electrodes to be negatively connected to a DC power source, to operate as a cathode with improved operational characteristics, is made with its hearth enclosure having one or more permanent openings required for the normal operation of any arc furnace, this opening being exemplified by a deslagging port through which slag is removed by tilting the furnace in the direction of the port. The hearth connection is unsuitable for use when the furnace is charged initially with solid metal, so at that time a starting electrode positively connected to the power source, must be inserted through the hearth enclosure and into contact with the charge, the arcing electrode or electrodes then melting down the charge and forming a melt on the hearth permitting the hearth connection to become effective, after which the starting electrode is removed from the furnace. This starting electrode is mounted outside of the furnace by a permanent mounting supporting the starting electrode movably so that it can be inserted through the permanent opening, such as the deslagging port, into contact with the charge of solid metal, and after performing its function, permitting the electrode to be removed through the permanent opening so that furnace operation can thereafter be carried out in the normal manner. In the case of a tilting furnace the furnace can be tilted for deslagging and ultimately for tapping of the melt.
摘要:
A cooling apparatus for hot elongated work is formed by a tubular or generally cylindrical cluster of longitudinally extending tubes having interspaced discharge means and surrounding the work so that when the tubes are supplied with cooling fluid the work is showered on all sides.
摘要:
A DC electric arc furnace has an electric connector for a melt in the furnace's hearth in the form of an elongated metal conductor having a refractory enclosure exposing an inner end of the conductor for contact with and incidental melting by the melt, the refractory enclosure being formed by a projection of the hearth's lining extending from the inside of the hearth to beyond the hearth's outside with a metal shell enclosing the hearth's projection on the outside of the hearth.
摘要:
A device for the treatment of bulk material including a platform for supporting the bulk material and at least one outfeeding device on the platform for feeding bulk material placed on the platform towards an outlet arranged on the platform.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a device for the treatment of bulk material, comprising a platform 24′, 24″, 28 for supporting bulk material and at least one outfeeding device 28 arranged on the platform for feeding bulk material placed on the platform towards an outlet 29 arranged on the platform, wherein the feeding device has a feeding direction towards the outlet, a first and a second beam 30, 31, 32, 33 is arranged on the platform above the outfeeding device, which beams extends transversal to the feeding direction of the outfeeding device and at least a portion in over of the width of the outfeeding device, wherein the second beam 32 being arranged at a higher level above the outfeeding device than the first beam 31. Further, the invention comprises a method for the treatment of bulk material, wherein the bulk material is placed on a platform 24′, 24″, 28 comprising an outfeeding device 28 and an outlet 29 arranged in connection to one end of the outfeeding device, and wherein bulk material which is placed on the platform and being fed by the outfeeding device in a direction towards the outlet and is slowed down at several places above the outfeeding device. Additionally, the device comprises a beam construction intended to be used in a device for the treatment of bulk material.