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公开(公告)号：US4200458A
公开(公告)日：1980-04-29
申请号：US962937
申请日：1978-11-22
申请人： Karl-Erik Oberg , Harry Bertheussen
发明人： Karl-Erik Oberg , Harry Bertheussen
CPC分类号： C21C7/0037
摘要： A method for the alloying of a metal melt with an alloying material by pneumatic injection of such element through a lance which is submerged in the melt. The alloying material may be lead or metals and compounds having physical properties similar to lead.
摘要翻译： 一种金属熔体与合金材料合金化的方法，通过这种元件通过浸没在熔体中的喷枪气动注射。 合金材料可以是具有与铅相似的物理性质的铅或金属和化合物。
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公开(公告)号：US3990888A
公开(公告)日：1976-11-09
申请号：US538709
申请日：1975-01-06
CPC分类号： C21C7/068
摘要： In a process for reducing the carbon content of an iron, cobalt or nickel based alloy containing carbon and at least 10% by weight chromium by introducing into the molten alloy, through at least one inner section of a tuyere which comprises at least two concentric tubes, essentially pure steam or steam and any inert gas belonging to the group consisting of nitrogen, argon, helium, neon and xenon, blockage of gas inlet is avoided by passing a gas mixture containing between 5 and 30% by volume of gaseous oxygen through an outermost section of the tuyere.
摘要翻译： 在通过引入到熔融合金中的含有至少10重量％铬和至少10重量％铬的铁，钴或镍基合金的碳含量的方法中，通过至少一个风口的内部部分，该内部部分包括至少两个同心管 ，基本上纯净的蒸汽或蒸汽以及属于由氮气，氩气，氦气，氖气和氙气组成的组的任何惰性气体，通过将含有5至30体积％的气态氧气的气体混合物通过 风口最外面的部分。
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公开(公告)号：US3971547A
公开(公告)日：1976-07-27
申请号：US499759
申请日：1974-08-22
申请人： Bengt Fredrikson , Karl-Erik Oberg
发明人： Bengt Fredrikson , Karl-Erik Oberg
CPC分类号： C21C5/5241 , Y02P10/253
摘要： A metal-refining converter comprises an elongated vessel for containing a melt to be refined and which tilts so that it can be positioned upright or horizontal. This vessel has an upper end having a charging opening provided with a removable gas-tight cover and a lower end provided with a channel-type inductor, and the vessel has a closable tap hole in its side which is downward when the vessel is horizontal. The vessel is charged with the melt to be refined, via its charging opening. With the vessel upright, the vessel is provided with means for injecting refining material into the melt while it is heated by the inductor. After the refining period, the vessel is tilted to its horizontal position, the vessel having an internal contour such that a space is formed over the melt, the gas-tight cover being applied at that time. Non-oxidizing gas is injected into the vessel and with the inductor continuing to heat the melt, the latter is tapped via the tap hole. Control of the gas pressure within the vessel and of the electric power applied to the inductor, permits tapping to be effected, for example, via bottom pouring into ingot molds, at a constant rate and temperature. With these two normally varying factors under complete control, high-quality castings are obtained.
摘要翻译： 金属精炼转化器包括细长容器，用于容纳待精炼的熔体并倾斜，使得其可以直立或水平地定位。 该容器的上端具有设置有可拆卸的气密性盖的充电开口和设置有通道型电感器的下端，并且该容器在容器水平时在其侧面具有向下的可关闭的开孔。 通过其装料口将熔体装入待精炼的容器中。 在容器竖立时，容器设置有用于在被电感器加热时将精炼材料注入熔体中的装置。 在精炼期后，容器倾斜到其水平位置，容器具有内部轮廓，使得在熔体上形成空间，此时应用气密盖。 非氧化性气体被注入到容器中，并且电感器继续加热熔体，后者通过抽头孔被攻丝。 控制容器内的气体压力和施加到电感器的电力，允许例如通过底部以恒定的速率和温度倒入铸锭模具进行攻丝。 在完全控制下，通过这两个正常变化的因素，可以获得高质量的铸件。
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4.发明授权Method and a system for producing and laying oil or gas pipelines on the sea bottom 失效石油或天然气管道在海底生产和铺设的方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US4117692A
公开(公告)日：1978-10-03
申请号：US779546
申请日：1977-03-21
申请人： Karl Erik Oberg
发明人： Karl Erik Oberg
摘要： A method and system for producing and laying pipelines on the sea bottom. A continuous pipeline is produced on land near a quay and thereafter wound onto a floating pipeline storage reel. When a suitable pipeline length has been wound up onto the reel, the same is released from land and towed to the pipelaying site where the floating reel is coupled to a pipelaying vessel, whereafter the pipeline is unwound from the reel, straightened out and laid on the sea bed while the vessel is moved in the laying direction. The pipeline is laid on the sea with the aid of a pipeline carrier means attached to said vessel. This carrier means comprises a plurality of supporting yokes suspended one after the other from a common supporting cable attached to the vessel. The yokes are connected by means of two positioning cables keeping the yokes transversely to the supporting cable. Each yoke has an opening for the pipeline, the bottom of which opening is defined by a supporting roller for carrying the pipeline during laying. At the end portion of the carrier means there is attached to the supporting and positioning cables a ploughing means engaging the sea bed thereby subjecting the carrier means to a braking force keeping said means stretched during laying, and providing at the same time by its ploughing action a substantially smooth supporting area for the pipeline on the sea bed. When the pipeline length has been unwound from the floating reel attached to the vessel and laid down on the sea bed, the empty reel is disconnected from the vessel and transported back to land for a possible recharging with a new length of pipeline. As soon as said empty reel has been disconnected from the vessel, another floating reel loaded with pipeline can be connected to the vessel for continuing the laying of pipeline.
摘要翻译： 在海底生产和铺设管道的方法和系统。 在码头附近的陆上生产连续的管道，然后缠绕在浮动管道存储卷轴上。 当合适的管道长度已经卷绕到卷轴上时，它们从陆地被释放并且拖到管道铺设位置，在那里浮动卷轴连接到管道铺设的容器上，然后将管道从卷轴上展开并拉直并放置 海床沿着铺设方向移动。 借助于连接到所述容器的管道承载装置将管道铺设在海上。 该承载装置包括从连接到容器的公共支撑电缆一个接一个地悬挂的多个支撑轭。 磁轭通过两根定位电缆连接，保持磁轭横向于支撑电缆。 每个轭具有用于管道的开口，其底部的开口由用于在铺设期间承载管道的支撑辊限定。 在承载装置的端部，支撑和定位电缆附接有与海床接合的犁耕装置，从而使承载装置承受制动力，以保持铺设期间所述装置被拉伸，同时通过其犁耕作用 在海床上的管道基本上平滑的支撑区域。 当管道长度已经从附着在船上的浮动卷轴展开并放置在海床上时，空卷轴与船舶断开连接并运送回陆地，以便用新的管道长度进行再充电。 一旦所述空卷轴与容器断开连接，则装有管道的另一个浮动卷轴可以连接到容器以继续铺设管道。
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公开(公告)号：US3991813A
公开(公告)日：1976-11-16
申请号：US612456
申请日：1975-09-11
申请人： Conny Andersson , Kare Folgero , Bengt Fredriksson , Birger Hedberg , Steinar Steinarson , Karl-Erik Oberg
发明人： Conny Andersson , Kare Folgero , Bengt Fredriksson , Birger Hedberg , Steinar Steinarson , Karl-Erik Oberg
CPC分类号： C21C5/5241 , B22D37/005 , B22D9/006 , Y02P10/253
摘要： A metal melt casting apparatus comprises a vessel for containing the melt and having a wall portion having a downwardly pointing melt tapping hole, the vessel tilting so that this wall portion can be raised and lowered. A fountain has a top for receiving the melt when registered with said tapping hole and a bottom for connection with the bottom of a mold. A gas-tight elastically deflectible sealing means interconnects the tapping hole and the fountain top when the mentioned wall portion is lowered thereon by tilting of the vessel. The sealing means is made in the form of two parts which elastically flexibly engage when the converter wall with the tapping hole is lowered on the top of the fountain, one part being connected to the wall and the other part being connected to the fountain. The sealing means is provided with a gas passage so that the tapping metal stream may be subject to evacuation for degassing or surrounded by an inert gas.
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公开(公告)号：US4009023A
公开(公告)日：1977-02-22
申请号：US443160
申请日：1974-02-15
CPC分类号： C21C7/0037 , C21C7/076 , Y02P10/143 , Y02P10/242
摘要： Steels, free from hard inclusions which will not deform during hot working, are obtained by introducing into a molten steel under calcium free conditions a silica based slag powder having fluxing components such as manganese oxide which gives a slag of melting point and of density not higher than that of the steel. The slag powder melts and rises through the molten steel interacting with inclusion components, most of which rise to the surface of the melt, so that when the steel solidifies any inclusions remaining are free from calcium and will deform at hot forming temperatures.
摘要翻译： 通过在不含钙的条件下，将具有助熔成分如氧化锰的二氧化硅基渣粉引入熔融点，密度不高的二氧化硅基渣粉，可以获得不会在热加工时不变形的硬质夹杂物的钢 比钢。 炉渣粉末通过与夹杂物相互作用的钢水熔融并升高，其中大部分上升到熔体的表面，使得当钢固化时，剩余的任何夹杂物都不含钙，并在热成型温度下变形。
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公开(公告)号：US3971548A
公开(公告)日：1976-07-27
申请号：US560204
申请日：1975-03-20
CPC分类号： C21C5/48
摘要： A metallurgical furnace has a wall contacted by molten metal and having a nozzle opening below the level of the metal, a nozzle positioned in this opening forms a passage for injecting a blast into the metal, and this nozzle has means for liquid-cooling the outer end of its blast passage to freeze the molten metal when flowing backwardly through the nozzle's passage in the event of a blast failure. In such an event, the frozen or solidified metal forms a stopper for the nozzle's passage.
摘要翻译： 冶金炉具有与熔融金属接触的壁，并具有位于金属水平面下方的喷嘴开口，位于该开口中的喷嘴形成用于将金属喷射的通道，该喷嘴具有用于液体冷却外部 爆炸通道的末端，以便在爆炸失败的情况下向后流过喷嘴的通道时冻结熔融金属。 在这种情况下，冷冻或凝固的金属形成用于喷嘴通道的塞子。
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公开(公告)号：US3967955A
公开(公告)日：1976-07-06
申请号：US568159
申请日：1975-04-15
CPC分类号： C21C7/0037 , B01F3/04248 , B01F3/04836 , C21C5/34 , C22B9/05 , C22B9/10
摘要： A method of treating molten metal in a converter having an induction heater the heating space of which opens into the lowermost portion of the converter compartment comprises injecting a mixture of a solid treating material in powder form with a carrier gas through a sidewall of the converter at a level only slightly above the bottom wall of the converter compartment. A tuyere through which the gas-powder mixture is injected is directed slightly downward and toward the region where the heating space of the induction heater opens into the converter compartment.
摘要翻译： 一种在具有感应加热器的转炉中处理熔融金属的方法，该加热器的加热空间通向转炉室的最下部分，包括将粉末形式的固体处理材料与载气通过转化器的侧壁注入混合物， 水平仅略高于转炉隔间的底壁。 喷射气体混合物的风口朝向稍微向下并且朝向感应加热器的加热空间进入转换器室的区域。
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公开(公告)号：US3942978A
公开(公告)日：1976-03-09
申请号：US505171
申请日：1974-09-11
CPC分类号： C21B13/0013 , C21C5/34 , C21C5/56
摘要： A process is provided for directly reducing a metal oxide to metal in a molten metal which comprises providing a body of molten metal in a converter provided with means for introducing molten metal and means for introducing metal oxide into the body of the molten metal by introducing molten metal therein, introducing said metal oxide as a powder suspended in a carrier gas, separately from said molten metal, into the body of the molten metal such that the molten metal introduced is hotter than the suspended powder and is distributed by said suspension to other parts of the mass of molten metal where the reduction can take place at the desired temperature. Preferably the molten metal is introduced into the converter via a channel in liquid communication with the converter, the channel opening into the converter at a level below the operating level of the molten metal, said metal being melted in a separate heating zone such that a temperature gradient is established between said zone and the contents of the converter, said zone having a refractory lining which is thinner than the lining of the converter, and the suspended metal oxide is injected into the body of the molten metal via a tuyere extending through the wall of the converter and terminating in the vessel at a distance from the channel, such that the suspended metal oxide does not pass through the heating zone.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于将金属氧化物直接还原成熔融金属中的金属的方法，该方法包括在设置有用于引入熔融金属的装置的转炉中提供熔融金属体，以及将金属氧化物引入熔融金属本体中的装置， 将金属氧化物作为悬浮在载体气体中的粉末与所述熔融金属分开引入熔融金属体中，使得引入的熔融金属比悬浮的粉末更热，并且通过所述悬浮液分配到其它部分 的熔融金属质量，其中还原可以在期望的温度下进行。 优选地，熔融金属通过与转换器液体连通的通道引入转换器，该通道以低于熔融金属的操作水平的水平通入转换器，所述金属在单独的加热区中熔化，使得温度 在所述区域和转炉的内容物之间建立梯度，所述区域具有比转炉的衬里薄的耐火衬里，并且悬浮的金属氧化物通过延伸穿过壁的风口注入熔融金属的主体 并终止于离开通道一定距离的容器中，使得悬浮的金属氧化物不通过加热区。
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