Abstract:
A positive electrode active material for a sodium ion battery includes a sodium complex oxide of the formula Na4(M1aM21−a)2O5 having an orthorhombic crystal structure, wherein M1 and M2 are each independently Ti, Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Mn, V, or a combination there of provided that M1 and M2 are different from each other; and 0≤a≤1.
Abstract:
A mixture stability criterion asserts that a mixture of at least two redox elements in a crystal lattice will be unstable during charge and discharge cycles unless a set of charged ground state configurations at a specified value of a mixing ratio for the redox elements and a set of discharged ground state configurations at the same value of mixing ratio both consist of the same derivative superstructures. All members of the charged ground state set and all members of the discharged ground state set are within a same energy threshold value of the lowest-energy member of each set. The value for the energy threshold may represent a value of thermal energy calculated with Boltzmann's constant. Examples of alternative embodiments include a method for implementing the mixture stability criterion, computer hardware adapted to perform a method embodiment, and computer-readable media including a method embodiment.
Abstract:
An electrode is provided having a front region adjacent to a separator and a back region adjacent to a current collector. The electrode includes an anion-absorbing material and a cation-absorbing material. The electrode exhibits a compositional profile such that the anion-absorbing material is present at a higher volume percent at the back region than at the front region. Also provided are electrochemical cells that employ such an electrode as a positive electrode. Optionally, the cells include an electrolyte comprised of a solution of a solvent and a salt dissolved therein at a concentration of at least about 2M when the cell is in a fully discharged state.
Abstract:
An electrode is provided having a front region adjacent to a separator and a back region adjacent to a current collector. The electrode includes an anion-absorbing material and a cation-absorbing material. The electrode exhibits a compositional profile such that the anion-absorbing material is present at a higher volume percent at the back region than at the front region. Also provided are electrochemical cells that employ such an electrode as a positive electrode. Optionally, the cells include an electrolyte comprised of a solution of a solvent and a salt dissolved therein at a concentration of at least about 2M when the cell is in a fully discharged state.
Abstract:
A mixture stability criterion asserts that a mixture of at least two redox elements in a crystal lattice will be unstable during charge and discharge cycles unless a set of charged ground state configurations at a specified value of a mixing ratio for the redox elements and a set of discharged ground state configurations at the same value of mixing ratio both consist of the same derivative superstructures. All members of the charged ground state set and all members of the discharged ground state set are within a same energy threshold value of the lowest-energy member of each set. The value for the energy threshold may represent a value of thermal energy calculated with Boltzmann's constant. Examples of alternative embodiments include a method for implementing the mixture stability criterion, computer hardware adapted to perform a method embodiment, and computer-readable media including a method embodiment.
Abstract:
A computing system includes: a voronoi tessellation formation module configured to form a voronoi tessellation for a solid separator; a modified tessellation generation module, coupled to the voronoi tessellation formation module, configured to: generate a modified tessellation by removing from the voronoi tessellation a node, an edge, or a combination thereof associated with a cation polygon except where the edge is less than an exception threshold, determine a channel dimensionality, a bottleneck size, a critical radius, or a combination thereof based on the modified tessellation; and a viability determination module, coupled to the modified tessellation generation module, configured to determine a viability of the solid separator based on the channel dimensionality, the bottleneck size, the critical radius, or a combination thereof.
Abstract:
A positive electrode active material for a sodium ion battery includes a sodium complex oxide of the formula Na4(M1aM21−a)2O5 having an orthorhombic crystal structure, wherein M1 and M2 are each independently Ti, Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Mn, V, or a combination there of provided that M1 and M2 are different from each other; and 0≤a≤1.
Abstract:
A heterogeneous electrical energy storage system (HESS) is managed by determining a power demand of a dynamic electrical power load in a system having multiple rechargeable energy storage components, each of the energy storage components having a respective capacity, energy delivery rate, energy density, specific energy, and cycle characteristic. In response to determining the power demand of the electrical power load, one or more of the energy storage components are discharged to supply power to the electrical power load in accordance with at least one of: a respective remaining capacity measured for at least some of the energy storage components, and the power demand of the electrical power load relative to one or more respective rate limits currently applied to the energy storage components.
Abstract:
A negative electrode active material for a sodium-ion battery, the negative electrode active material including: a layered carbonaceous material; and a composition of the formula NaxSny-zMz disposed between layers of the layered carbonaceous material, wherein M is Ti, K, Ge, Sb, P, or a combination thereof, and 0
Abstract:
A heterogeneous electrical energy storage system (HESS) is managed by determining a power demand of a dynamic electrical power load in a system having multiple rechargeable energy storage components, each of the energy storage components having a respective capacity, energy delivery rate, energy density, specific energy, and cycle characteristic. In response to determining the power demand of the electrical power load, one or more of the energy storage components are discharged to supply power to the electrical power load in accordance with at least one of: a respective remaining capacity measured for at least some of the energy storage components, and the power demand of the electrical power load relative to one or more respective rate limits currently applied to the energy storage components.