Abstract:
An electronic device may include: a first temperature sensor configured to measure a first temperature of a skin surface when a user comes into contact with a main body of the electronic device; a first heating element spaced apart from the first temperature sensor by a first predetermined distance; a second temperature sensor spaced apart from the first heating element by a second predetermined distance and configured to measure a second temperature inside the main body; and a processor configured to: estimate heat flux based on the first temperature and the second temperature; estimate a blood perfusion rate of the user based on a temperature of the first heating element and the first temperature, and estimate a core body temperature of a user based on the first temperature, the estimated heat flux, and the estimated blood perfusion rate.
Abstract:
An electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes: a first temperature sensor configured to measure a first temperature of body skin; a second temperature sensor configured to measure a second temperature inside a main body; a thermal resistance structure having effective thermal resistance so that a difference between the first temperature and the second temperature is greater than or equal to a predetermined threshold value; and a processor configured to obtain skin heat flux based on the first temperature and the second temperature, and to estimate core body temperature of a user based on the first temperature and the skin heat flux.
Abstract:
An apparatus for estimating core body temperature of an object is provided. The apparatus may include: a first temperature sensor configured to measure a surface temperature of an object; a second temperature sensor configured to measure a surface temperature of a material, which is positioned between the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor; and a processor configured to obtain a heat flux based on the surface temperature of the object and the surface temperature of the material, configured to estimate a wrist temperature of the object based on the obtained heat flux and the surface temperature of the object, and configured to estimate core body temperature of the object based on the estimated wrist temperature of the object and a heat loss coefficient between a core and a wrist.
Abstract:
An organic/inorganic composite membrane may include hydrophilic inorganic particles dispersed in an organic polymer matrix having finger-like pores. The hydrophilic inorganic particles may be present at a higher concentration near one surface of the membrane having a higher density than the other surface of the membrane having a lower density.
Abstract:
A heat flux sensor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes: a thermogalvanic cell; a first electrode and a second electrode which are respectively disposed on a first surface and a second surface of the thermogalvanic cell; and a processor configured to estimate heat flux by measuring a voltage, generated by a temperature difference between the first surface and the second surface, by using the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein core body temperature may be estimated based on the heat flux, estimated by the heat flux sensor, and a skin surface temperature of an object.
Abstract:
An apparatus for estimating body temperature of an object may include: a heating element; a first temperature sensor configured to measure temperature of the heating element; a second temperature sensor disposed at a position spaced apart from the first temperature sensor and configured to measure surface temperature of an object upon contact with the object; and a processor configured to estimate core temperature using a heat flux based on the temperature of the heating element and the surface temperature of the object, and to estimate body temperature of the object by correcting the core temperature, estimated using the heat flux, based on external temperature.
Abstract:
An evaluating device of a flexural property includes a holder, a body disposed on the holder and capable of being moved along with a length of direction of the holder, a clamp coupled to the body to be rotated on the body and fixing a first side of the specimen to be evaluated, and a pressing part disposed over the clamp and pressing a second side of the specimen opposite to the first side and disposed upper than the first side of the specimen to bend the specimen, and an evaluation method of a flexural property of the bent specimen using the same.
Abstract:
Electrically regenerable water softening apparatuses, and methods of operating the same, include a first electrode and a second electrode facing each other; a first electrolyte chamber, a first cation exchange membrane, an ion exchange chamber, a second cation exchange membrane, and a second electrolyte chamber which are interposed between the first electrode and the second electrode; an inflow water flow channel configured to introduce inflow water to the ion exchange chamber; a first treated water flow channel configured to discharge treated water softened in the ion exchange chamber; a second treated water flow channel connecting at least one chamber selected from the first electrolyte chamber and the second electrolyte chamber with an ion exchange chamber; and a current applier configured to apply current to the first electrode and the second electrode. The ion exchange chamber is filled with a cation exchanger.
Abstract:
An electronic device for estimating human body microclimate temperature is provided. The electronic device may include: a main body; a first temperature sensor configured to measure a first temperature and a second temperature sensor configured to measure a second temperature, the first and second temperature sensors being disposed at different positions in the main body; and a processor, which while the main body is worn on a body part of a user or is carried by the user, is configured to estimate human body microclimate temperature of the user based on a difference between the first temperature and the second temperature.
Abstract:
An electronic device may include: a heat flux sensor including: a first temperature sensor configured to measure a first voltage representing a first temperature; a second temperature sensor spaced apart from the first temperature sensor and configured to measure a second voltage representing a second temperature; and an amplifier configured to amplify a voltage difference between the first voltage and the second voltage; and a processor configured to estimate a body temperature of a user based on the amplified voltage difference.