Abstract:
Aspects of the disclosure are directed to a low noise T-coil design. In accordance with one aspect, an input/output (I/O) circuit includes a first T-coil, wherein the first T-coil includes a first set of two inductors connected to each other in series arranged to accommodate a first current flow to produce a first magnetic field with a first perpendicular direction; and a second T-coil, wherein the second T-coil includes a second set of two inductors connected to each other in series arranged to accommodate a second current flow to produce a second magnetic field with a second perpendicular direction; and wherein the second magnetic field cancels the first magnetic field.
Abstract:
A receiver has a first equalizer circuit that includes a first stage having a source degeneration circuit and a trans-impedance amplifier (TIA). The source degeneration circuit includes a resistor coupled in parallel with a capacitor. The TIA includes an embedded variable gain amplifier with a gain controlled by feedback resistors. Each feedback resistor is coupled between input and output of the TIA. In some implementations, the receiving circuit has a second equalizer circuit coupled in series with the first equalizer circuit. The second equalizer circuit includes a first stage having a source degeneration circuit and a TIA. The source degeneration circuit in the second equalizer circuit has a source degeneration resistor coupled in parallel with a source degeneration capacitor and the TIA includes an embedded variable gain amplifier whose gain is controlled by feedback resistors coupled between input and output of the TIA in the second equalizer circuit.
Abstract:
A data transmitter includes: a plurality of parallel driver slices, a first slice of the plurality of parallel driver slices having a first signal generator circuit with a first transistor coupled to a data signal and in series with a second transistor coupled to a first bias signal; and a first bias circuit including a third transistor and a fourth transistor in series with a first current source, the first bias circuit further including a first operational amplifier (op amp) having a first input coupled to a first reference voltage and a second input coupled between the fourth transistor and the first current source, an output of the first op amp configured to provide the first bias signal to the second transistor and to the third transistor.
Abstract:
A bias structure includes a reference voltage node connected to gate structures of a first NMOS transistor and a second NMOS transistor, a bias voltage node comprising a bias voltage, and a first op amp having a first input connected to the reference voltage, a second input connected to a drain of the first NMOS transistor, and an output connected to gate structures of a first PMOS transistor and a second PMOS transistor. The bias structure further includes a second op amp having a first input connected to the reference voltage, a second input connected to a drain of the second NMOS transistor, and an output connected to a gate structure of a third NMOS transistor and the bias voltage node. The first NMOS transistor matches a transistor of a differential pair of an integrated circuit device.
Abstract:
An apparatus is provided. The apparatus includes a calibration circuit configured to generate a reference signal and at least one differential circuit each being configured to operate at a calibrated transconductance over process or condition variations based on the reference signal. The calibration circuit may be configured to generate the reference signal independent of the at least one differential circuit. A method for operating at least one differential circuit is provided. The method includes generating a reference signal and operating the at least one differential circuit at a calibrated transconductance or gain over process or condition variations based on the reference signal. The reference signal may be generated independently of the at least one differential circuit.