公开(公告)号：US07002533B2

公开(公告)日：2006-02-21

申请号：US10218199

申请日：2002-08-13

申请人： Michel Sayag

发明人： Michel Sayag

IPC分类号： G09G3/36

CPC分类号： H04N9/3126 ,  G09G3/3611 ,  G09G2300/023 ,  G09G2320/0209 ,  H04N5/7441 ,  H04N5/7458

摘要： Electronic displays are provided which can reproduce image data with high contrast ratios and a gray scale range comparable to conventional X-ray film viewed on a light box. One such display includes a rear low-resolution LCD or DLP display which projects an image onto a high-resolution LCD display. In such embodiments, the mechanical and optical registration between the two displays is not critical. Therefore, modulation transfer function and distortion of the projection optics are not critical. Accordingly, the brightness of the inventive display can be maximized with high power lamps and high aperture projection optics. Because the display has a high dynamic range, the need for dynamic range compression algorithms is reduced.

公开(公告)号：USRE34802E

公开(公告)日：1994-11-29

申请号：US134162

申请日：1993-10-08

申请人： Michel Sayag

发明人： Michel Sayag

IPC分类号： G01R31/26 ,  H01L27/148 ,  H04N5/355 ,  H04N5/359 ,  H04N5/372 ,  H01J40/14

CPC分类号： H04N5/2355 ,  G01R31/2641 ,  H01L27/14831 ,  H01L27/14887 ,  H04N3/155

摘要： A method of controlling the dynamic range of a CCD or similar device. The method is used in connection with a charge-coupled device or like structure of known construction having a photogate region in which charge is generated at a rate proportional to the intensity of incident electromagnetic radiation. The photogate accumulates charge during a predetermined exposure period. A sink region is disposed to receive excess charge from the photogate region, and the passage of charge from the photogate region to the sink region is controlled by a control gate of the type commonly used for integration control. A second gated region is present for receiving charge from the photogate region for transporting charge therefrom. A potential is applied to the control gate which has a magnitude causing all charge above a certain charge clipping level in the photogate region to pass to the sink region, and the magnitude of the potential is caused to vary during the exposure period according to predetermined function, which may be a non-linear function such as logarithmic. In this way the clipping level varies according to the predetermined function in real time during the exposure period. The total charge accumulated in the photogate region, limited according to the predetermined function, is then transferred to the second gated region at the end of the exposure period.

摘要翻译： 一种控制CCD或类似装置的动态范围的方法。 该方法与具有光栅区域的已知结构的电荷耦合器件或类似结构结合使用，其中以与入射电磁辐射强度成比例的速率产生电荷。 光栅在预定的曝光期间累积电荷。 宿区域设置成从光栅区域接收过量的电荷，并且电荷从光栅区域到沉降区域的通过由通常用于集成控制的类型的控制栅极控制。 存在第二选通区域用于从光栅区域接收用于从其输送电荷的电荷。 电位被施加到控制栅极，其具有导致在光栅区域中的高于某一电荷限幅电平的所有电荷的幅度传递到接收器区域，并且使得根据预定功能在曝光期间电位的大小变化 ，其可以是诸如对数的非线性函数。 以这种方式，限幅电平在曝光期间根据预定功能实时变化。 然后，在曝光期间结束时，将依照预定功能限制的光栅区域中积累的总电荷转移到第二选通区域。

公开(公告)号：US07589341B2

公开(公告)日：2009-09-15

申请号：US10789547

申请日：2004-02-26

申请人： Michel Sayag

发明人： Michel Sayag

IPC分类号： G03B42/08

CPC分类号： G01T1/2014 ,  G01T1/2016 ,  G11C13/04 ,  H04N1/02855 ,  H04N1/02865 ,  H04N1/0311 ,  H04N1/0312 ,  H04N1/0314 ,  H04N1/193 ,  H04N2201/0079

摘要： Methods and apparatus are described for retrieving information from a storage medium. A first portion of the surface of the storage medium is exposed to stimulating light which diffuses in the storage medium under a second portion of the surface adjacent the first portion. The second portion of the surface is shielded from exposure to the stimulating light. Stimulated light corresponding to the information is received with at least one detector positioned to receive the stimulated light via the second portion of the surface of the storage medium. The stimulated light is released from the storage medium in response to the stimulating light diffused under the second portion of the surface.

公开(公告)号：US5715292A

公开(公告)日：1998-02-03

申请号：US344957

申请日：1994-11-25

申请人： Michel Sayag ,  Andrew Karellas

发明人： Michel Sayag ,  Andrew Karellas

IPC分类号： A61B6/00 ,  G01T1/20 ,  G01T1/29 ,  H01L31/09

CPC分类号： A61B6/502 ,  A61B6/4233 ,  G01T1/2018 ,  G01T1/2928

摘要： A CCD-scintillator x-ray image sensor (18) has a high sensitivity at room temperature and a low profile, enabling the use of the x-ray image sensor in most modern mammography x-ray machines. A cassette 10 that encloses the CCD-based x-ray image sensor has the approximate dimensions of 10.5.times.7.7.times.0.6 inches, and is thus form and fit compatible with conventional film-based cassettes. An electronic interface to the cassette requires but a single cable (24) and a standard connector (22) for connection to a CCD sensor electronics unit. The CCD sensor electronics unit interfaces to a computer, such as a conventional personal computer or workstation, having a relatively high resolution display and a provision for digitally recording high-resolution electronic images. The high sensitivity at ambient (room) temperature results from an x-ray scintillator screen (18c) that is coupled to the CCD image sensor (18a) via a bias cut fiber optic faceplate (18b). The CCD image sensor has very low dark current density, high responsivity to the green fluorescence of the screen, and multiple output ports for minimizing the time required for readout and for minimizing the noise bandwidth at the output.

摘要翻译： CCD闪烁体x射线图像传感器（18）在室温下具有高灵敏度和低轮廓，使得能够在大多数现代的乳腺X光机中使用x射线图像传感器。 封装基于CCD的x射线图像传感器的盒10具有10.5×7.1×0.6英寸的大致尺寸，因此与常规的基于胶片的盒形成并配合。 与磁带盒的电子接口需要单个电缆（24）和用于连接到CCD传感器电子单元的标准连接器（22）。 CCD传感器电子单元与诸如常规个人计算机或工作站的计算机接口，具有相对较高分辨率的显示和用于数字记录高分辨率电子图像的设备。 环境（室内）温度下的高灵敏度来自经由偏置切割光纤面板（18b）耦合到CCD图像传感器（18a）的x射线闪烁体屏幕（18c）。 CCD图像传感器具有非常低的暗电流密度，对屏幕的绿色荧光的高响应度以及多个输出端口，用于最小化读出所需的时间并使输出端的噪声带宽最小化。

公开(公告)号：US5585847A

公开(公告)日：1996-12-17

申请号：US314599

申请日：1994-09-28

申请人： Michel Sayag

发明人： Michel Sayag

IPC分类号： H04N5/355 ,  H04N5/372 ,  H04N9/04 ,  H04N9/07

CPC分类号： H04N3/1525 ,  H04N3/155 ,  H04N9/045 ,  H04N2209/048

摘要： A charge-coupled device is exposed to a color portion of an image, thereby generating charge packets in the array of photosensitive storage regions. The charge packets stored in a first set of horizontal rows of photosensitive storage regions are then moved into a second set of horizontal rows of photosensitive storage regions, remaining in the array for subsequent exposures. These exposing and moving steps are repeated for each color exposure in excess of two. Charge packets from each successive exposure are combined in the array in a predetermined manner with charge packets from previous exposures. Finally, the charge-coupled device is exposed to a final color portion of the image, thereby generating final charge packets in the array. Selected ones of the final charge packets comprise charge from more than one photosensitive storage region and from more than one exposure stored in a single photosensitive storage region. A first subset of the selected final charge packets each comprises charge corresponding to different exposures in a first proportion. The first proportion is representative of a luminance signal.

摘要翻译： 电荷耦合器件暴露于图像的彩色部分，从而在感光存储区域阵列中产生电荷包。 存储在第一组水平行的光敏存储区域中的电荷包然后被移动到第二组水平的感光存储区域中，保留在阵列中用于随后的曝光。 对于超过两次的每种颜色曝光，重复这些曝光和移动步骤。 来自每个连续曝光的电荷分组以预定的方式与来自先前曝光的电荷分组组合在阵列中。 最后，电荷耦合器件暴露于图像的最终颜色部分，从而在阵列中产生最终的充电分组。 所选择的最终充电包包括来自多于一个感光存储区域的电荷和存储在单个感光存储区域中的多于一次的曝光。 所选择的最终充电分组的第一子集每个包括以第一比例对应于不同曝光的电荷。 第一比例代表亮度信号。

公开(公告)号：US5497195A

公开(公告)日：1996-03-05

申请号：US325959

申请日：1994-10-20

申请人： Michel Sayag

发明人： Michel Sayag

IPC分类号： H04N5/372 ,  H04N9/04 ,  H04N9/07

CPC分类号： H04N9/045 ,  H04N3/1525 ,  H04N3/155 ,  H04N2209/048

摘要： A technique and structure is used for producing high resolution color images using a monochrome area charge-coupled device (CCD) 64 and a sequential color illumination scheme. The monochrome CCD 64 comprises a plurality of semiconductor storage cells 76, the semiconductor storage cells 76 being configured in an array having vertical columns 74 and horizontal rows 79. The entire CCD 64 is exposed to a first color image. The charge packets 82 stored in two adjacent horizontal rows as a result of the exposure are then shifted into a third horizontal row. The CCD 64 is then exposed to a second color image. The charge packets 82 stored in the first horizontal row as a result of the second exposure are then shifted into the second horizontal row. The CCD 64 is then exposed to a third and final color image. The CCD output is digitized and stored in a frame. The color information of a particular location on the CCD array 64 is derived by utilizing a simple set of equations.

摘要翻译： 使用单色区域电荷耦合器件（CCD）64和顺序彩色照明方案来生产高分辨率彩色图像的技术和结构。 单色CCD 64包括多个半导体存储单元76，半导体存储单元76被配置为具有垂直列74和水平行79的阵列。整个CCD 64暴露于第一彩色图像。 作为曝光的结果，存储在两个相邻水平行中的电荷包82然后被移动到第三水平行。 然后将CCD 64曝光到第二彩色图像。 作为第二曝光的结果，存储在第一水平行中的电荷包82然后被移动到第二水平行。 然后将CCD 64曝光到第三和最后彩色图像。 CCD输出被数字化并存储在一个帧中。 CCD阵列64上的特定位置的颜色信息是通过使用一组简单的方程得出的。

公开(公告)号：US07825394B2

公开(公告)日：2010-11-02

申请号：US12353169

申请日：2009-01-13

申请人： Michel Sayag

发明人： Michel Sayag

IPC分类号： G03B42/08

CPC分类号： G01T1/2014 ,  G01T1/2016 ,  G11C13/04 ,  H04N1/02855 ,  H04N1/02865 ,  H04N1/0311 ,  H04N1/0312 ,  H04N1/0314 ,  H04N1/193 ,  H04N2201/0079

摘要： Methods and apparatus are described for retrieving information from a storage medium. A first portion of the surface of the storage medium is exposed to stimulating light which diffuses in the storage medium under a second portion of the surface adjacent the first portion. The second portion of the surface is shielded from exposure to the stimulating light. Stimulated light corresponding to the information is received with at least one detector positioned to receive the stimulated light via the second portion of the surface of the storage medium. The stimulated light is released from the storage medium in response to the stimulating light diffused under the second portion of the surface.

摘要翻译： 描述了用于从存储介质检索信息的方法和装置。 存储介质的表面的第一部分暴露于在与第一部分相邻的表面的第二部分下的存储介质中扩散的刺激光。 表面的第二部分被屏蔽以免受到刺激光的照射。 与至少一个检测器接收对应于信息的刺激光被定位成经由存储介质的表面的第二部分接收受激光。 响应于在表面的第二部分下方扩散的刺激光，受激光从存储介质释放。

公开(公告)号：US07359488B1

公开(公告)日：2008-04-15

申请号：US11137685

申请日：2005-05-24

申请人： Michel Sayag

发明人： Michel Sayag

IPC分类号： G21K1/10 ,  G21N23/087

CPC分类号： H04N5/32

摘要： Methods and apparatus for generating an x-ray image. An object is interposed between a detector and an x-ray source. A grid is interposed between the x-ray source and the object. The grid is exposed to primary x-ray energy generated by the x-ray source, thereby exposing the object to a first portion of the primary energy via the interstices of the grid. A second portion of the primary energy is received with first areas of the detector corresponding to the interstices of the grid. Secondary x-ray energy is received with the first areas of the detector and with second areas of the detector corresponding to the elements of the grid. The secondary energy results from scattering of the primary x-ray energy. Image data are generated by altering data from the first areas with reference to data from the second areas.

摘要翻译： 用于生成X射线图像的方法和装置。 物体被插入在检测器和x射线源之间。 格栅插在x射线源和物体之间。 栅格暴露于由x射线源产生的初级x射线能量，从而通过栅格的间隙将物体暴露于初级能量的第一部分。 一次能量的第二部分与检测器的与栅格的间隙对应的第一区域接收。 次级x射线能量与检测器的第一区域接收，并且检测器的第二区域对应于电网的元件。 二次能源是由于主要X射线能量的散射而产生的。 通过参照来自第二区域的数据改变来自第一区域的数据来生成图像数据。

公开(公告)号：US20070139792A1

公开(公告)日：2007-06-21

申请号：US11612091

申请日：2006-12-18

申请人： Michel Sayag

发明人： Michel Sayag

IPC分类号： G02B9/00

CPC分类号： G02B5/23 ,  G02B5/005 ,  G02B27/58 ,  G02F1/0126 ,  G02F2202/14 ,  G03B9/08

摘要： An adjustable apodized lens aperture is described which is constructed using photochromic material. As the excitation energy increases, the aperture constricts so as reduce the amount of light through the aperture. As the excitation energy decreases, the aperture dilates so as increase the amount of light through the aperture.

摘要翻译： 描述了使用光致变色材料构造的可调整的变迹透镜孔。 随着激发能量的增加，孔径会缩小，以减少通过光圈的光量。 随着激发能量的减小，孔径扩张，以增加通过光圈的光量。

公开(公告)号：US06950242B2

公开(公告)日：2005-09-27

申请号：US10783945

申请日：2004-02-19

申请人： Michel Sayag

发明人： Michel Sayag

IPC分类号： G02B7/02 ,  G02B9/06 ,  G02B13/00 ,  G02B13/24 ,  H04N5/225 ,  G02B3/00 ,  G02B17/00

CPC分类号： G02B13/005 ,  G02B7/027 ,  G02B9/06 ,  G02B13/0055 ,  G02B13/24 ,  H04N5/2254

摘要： An optical system operable to transmit an energy flux is described. A first substantially spherical lens includes first and second substantially hemispherical portions joined at an interface. The interface includes a partially reflective material on a first substantially planar surface of at least one of the first and second hemispherical portions. A second lens has a convex surface and a second substantially planar surface. A portion of the second substantially planar surface of the second lens is secured to the first lens to form an optical axis. The first and second lenses are operable to transmit a first portion of the energy flux along the optical axis. The partially reflective surface is operable to reflect a second portion of the energy flux at an angle to the optical axis.

摘要翻译： 描述可操作以传输能量通量的光学系统。 第一基本上球形的透镜包括在界面处连接的第一和第二基本半球形部分。 界面包括在第一和第二半球形部分中的至少一个的第一基本上平坦的表面上的部分反射材料。 第二透镜具有凸表面和第二基本上平坦的表面。 第二透镜的第二基本平坦表面的一部分固定到第一透镜以形成光轴。 第一透镜和第二透镜可操作以沿光轴传输能量通量的第一部分。 部分反射表面可操作以将能量通量的第二部分以与光轴成一定角度的方式反射。