摘要:
A spiral wound membrane module comprises a spiral wound membrane element including a separation membrane having high back pressure strength. The flow rate of permeate in filtration of the spiral wound membrane element is preferably set to 0.5 to 2.0 m3/m2/day, and the filtration time is preferably set to 10 to 300 minutes. The flow rate of wash water in washing is preferably set to 1.0 to 4.0 m3/m2/day, and the washing time is preferably set to 10 to 300 seconds. In such ranges, the ratio of the permeate volume in filtration to the permeate volume in back wash reverse filtration is set to be not more than 600.
摘要翻译:螺旋缠绕膜组件包括螺旋缠绕膜元件,其包括具有高背压强度的分离膜。 螺旋卷绕膜元件的过滤中的渗透液的流量优选设定为0.5〜2.0m 3 / m 2 /天,过滤时间优选设定为10〜300分钟。 洗涤中的洗涤水的流量优选设定为1.0〜4.0m 3 / m 2 /天,洗涤时间优选设定为10〜300秒。 在这样的范围内,反洗涤反向过滤中的过滤中的渗透物体积与渗透体积的比例设定为不大于600。
摘要:
A spiral wound membrane module comprises a spiral wound membrane element including a separation membrane having high back pressure strength. In filtration running, raw water introduced from a raw water inlet of a pressure vessel is subjected to dead end filtration, and permeate is taken out from a permeate outlet. In washing, wash water containing a chemical having a contaminant separating function is introduced from an end of a water collection pipe through the permeate outlet for performing back wash reverse filtration with a back pressure of 0.05 to 0.3 MPa. The filtration running is temporarily stopped for maintaining the pressure vessel in a state sealed with the raw water and the permeate for a prescribed time. Thus, contaminants adhering to the membrane surface of the spiral wound membrane element are separated. A treatment system is formed by connecting units comprising spiral wound membrane modules in parallel with each other. In the treatment system, one of the units is subjected to filtration running when another one of the units is washed. In washing, back wash reverse filtration and chemical soaking are performed.
摘要:
A spiral wound membrane element allowing back wash reverse filtration at 0.05 MPa to 0.3 MPa is employed for a spiral wound membrane module. Air injection of injecting air of not more than 0.3 MPa into a permeate outlet of the spiral wound membrane module from a pressurized air feeder through a pipe, back wash reverse filtration with permeate and flushing with raw water are performed as recovery of a filtration velocity. Another spiral wound membrane module comprises a spiral wound membrane element including a separation membrane having high back pressure strength. Raw water into which bubbles are diffused by an air diffuser is fed to the spiral wound membrane element stored in a pressure vessel. Part of the raw water is axially fed through the spiral wound membrane element, discharged from a raw water outlet of the pressure vessel and thereafter returned to a raw water tank through a pipe.
摘要:
Disclosed is a method for easily producing a long porous thermosetting resin sheet which has no resin coating film on the surface. Also disclosed are a porous thermosetting resin sheet produced by the method, and a composite semipermeable membrane having excellent chemical resistance and practical water permeability and salt-blocking property. The porous thermosetting resin sheet can be produced by forming a cylindrical or columnar resin block which is composed of a cured product of a thermosetting resin composition containing a thermosetting resin, a curing agent and a porogen; then forming a long thermosetting resin sheet by cutting the surface of the resin block at a certain thickness; and then removing the porogen from the thermosetting resin sheet.
摘要:
A membrane element sealing material holding member comprising a central opening for insertion of a center tube of spiral membrane element, peripheral orifice for flowing of a raw liquid into a membrane end portion of membrane element and outer circumferential part for holding of circular sealing material, wherein the central opening has inner circumferential surface of cylindrical form with a diameter larger than the outer diameter of the inserted center tube, and wherein at three or more positions on the inner circumferential surface, there is provided projection that has sloping face on its side of center tube insertion and is deformable at the time of insertion of center tube with an outer diameter larger than that of incircle.
摘要:
A processing unit for a substrate has a vertical thermal processing furnace 4 having a bottom and an opening provided at the bottom. A boat holding substrates in vertical multistairs can be placed on a first lid, and the first lid can open and close the opening of the vertical thermal processing furnace with the boat placed thereon. The processing unit also has a boat-placing portion on which the boat and another boat can be placed and a boat conveying mechanism for conveying the two boats alternatively between the boat-placing portion and the first lid. A second lid hermetically closes the opening of the vertical thermal processing furnace when the first lid opens the opening but no boat passes through the opening. The processing unit can effectively reduce the undesirable influence from the opening when the first lid is taken off from the opening and the boat is conveyed out, and can also reduce the wasted energy by preventing the fall of the temperature in the interior of the thermal processing furnace.
摘要:
A disc player includes: a plurality of pickup devices for reading information from a disc and a plurality of guide devices arranged radiately from a center of the disc, each for radially transferring one of the pickup devices. The guide devices are arranged so that each alternate pickup device is raised or lowered toward the inner circumferential portion of the disc.
摘要:
A container for storing a plurality of semiconductor wafers comprises two end walls and two side walls. The container has a main opening through which the wafers are inserted into or withdrawn from the container and a sub-opening through which a wafer counter approaches the wafers. A plurality of slots are formed in the container to hold the wafers one by one at intervals. Each slot includes a pair of grooves which are formed in inner surfaces of both the side walls, have a V-shaped cross-section, and which divergently open toward a central portion of the container. One surface of each groove serves as a supporting surface on which a wafer is disposed substantially horizontal when the container is positioned such that the reference plane is horizontal. The supporting surfaces of the pair of grooves have a pair of converging portions which converge toward the second opening. A filling body, having an inner surface which is brought into contact with an edge portion of a wafer, is provided in each converging portion near the sub-opening. The inner surface of the filling body is determined so as to restrict a position of the wafer, such that the wafer can be positioned at the same height of the supporting surfaces of the pair of grooves.
摘要:
A horizontal/vertical conversion transporting apparatus, wherein a mechanism for variably changing a distance between upper and lower boat hands for clamping an article therebetween is mounted on a conversion arm, the conversion arm is vertically movable along a support arm, and at the same time, the conversion arm is rotatable within the plane of vertical movement.