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    Process for the preparation of pyrryl-2-acetonitrile
    2.
    发明授权
    Process for the preparation of pyrryl-2-acetonitrile 失效
    制备吡咯-2-乙腈的方法

    公开(公告)号：US4374256A

    公开(公告)日：1983-02-15

    申请号：US8943

    申请日：1979-02-02

    Applicant: James T. F. Kao ,  Karl E. Wiegand

    Inventor： James T. F. Kao ,  Karl E. Wiegand

    IPC: C07D207/32 ,  C07D207/337

    CPC classification number: C07D207/337

    Abstract: Pyrryl-2-acetonitriles corresponding to the formula ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 stands for hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1-4 carbon atoms prepared from dialkyl-(pyrryl-2-methyl)-amine corresponding to the formula ##STR2## in which R.sub.1 is defined as above and R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 stand for alkyl groups having 1-4 carbon atoms, are alkylated with alkyl halides such as methyl chloride or methyl bromide to form the corresponding trialkyl-(pyrryl-2-methyl)-ammonium chloride quaternary salts and then reacted with an aqueous solution of alkali cyanide in the presence of a water-immiscible solvent under conditions which provide more economical utilization of reactants and process equipment.

    Abstract translation: 对应于式“IMAGE”的吡咯-2-乙腈，其中R1代表对应于式“IMAGE”的二烷基 - （吡咯-2-甲基） - 胺制备的氢或具有1-4个碳原子的烷基，其中 R1如上定义，R2和R3代表具有1-4个碳原子的烷基，用烷基卤如氯甲烷或甲基溴烷基化，形成相应的三烷基 - （吡咯-2-甲基） - 氯化铵季盐 然后在水混溶性溶剂的存在下，在提供更经济地利用反应物和工艺设备的条件下，与碱金属氰化物水溶液反应。

    Silicon containing reaction product
    3.
    发明授权
    Silicon containing reaction product 失效
    含硅反应产物

    公开(公告)号：US4870191A

    公开(公告)日：1989-09-26

    申请号：US223010

    申请日：1988-07-22

    Applicant: Karl E. Wiegand ,  Patrick C. Hu

    Inventor： Karl E. Wiegand ,  Patrick C. Hu

    IPC: C07D307/62 ,  A61K31/695 ,  C07F7/04 ,  C08G77/00 ,  C08G77/02 ,  C08G77/48

    CPC classification number: A61K31/695 ,  C07D307/62 ,  C07F7/045 ,  C08G77/02 ,  C08G77/48

    Abstract: Ascorbic acid and substituted ascorbic acids can be reacted with a tetraorganosilicate such as a tetraalkylorthosilicate to yield a product which contains silicon. The products are generally solid in nature, and typically they are insoluble without hydrolysis. The products are useful as active agents in the prevention, treatment, or delaying of the onset of calcium-related bone disease such as post-menopausal osteoporosis.

    Abstract translation: 抗坏血酸和取代的抗坏血酸可以与四有机硅酸盐如原硅酸四烷基酯反应，得到含硅的产物。 产物本质上通常是固体，并且通常它们在不水解的情况下是不溶的。 该产品可用作预防，治疗或延迟钙相关骨疾病如绝经后骨质疏松症的活性剂。

    Preparation of toluoyl-5-pyrryl-2-acetonitrile
    4.
    发明授权
    Preparation of toluoyl-5-pyrryl-2-acetonitrile 失效
    甲苯酰-5-吡咯-2-乙腈的制备

    公开(公告)号：US3935216A

    公开(公告)日：1976-01-27

    申请号：US451817

    申请日：1974-03-18

    Applicant: Karl E. Wiegand

    Inventor： Karl E. Wiegand

    IPC: C07C303/00 ,  C07C381/00 ,  C07D207/32 ,  C07D207/337

    CPC classification number: C07D207/337

    Abstract: A process for preparing a mixed anhydride acylating agent and a process for acylating pyrrole derivatives, such as 1-methylpyrrole-2-acetonitrile using the mixed anhydride acylating agent.

    Abstract translation: 混合酸酐酰化剂的制备方法和使用混合酸酐酰化剂酰化吡咯衍生物如1-甲基吡咯-2-乙腈的方法。

    Zeolite compositions
    5.
    发明授权
    Zeolite compositions 失效
    沸石组合物

    公开(公告)号：US5252345A

    公开(公告)日：1993-10-12

    申请号：US649417

    申请日：1991-02-01

    Applicant: Patrick C. Hu ,  James S. Staton ,  Karl E. Wiegand

    Inventor： Patrick C. Hu ,  James S. Staton ,  Karl E. Wiegand

    IPC: A61K33/06

    CPC classification number: A61K33/06

    Abstract: A composition containing a zeolite and an acid suitable for use in increasing bone strength in an animal having a bone strength less than desired and/or for use in treating, preventing or delaying the onset of a bone disorder such as osteoporosis, osteochondrosis, or dyschondroplasia. A preferred zeolite is zeolite A. Preferred acids are illustrated by citric, fumaric and aspartic acids. The presence of such acids in the composition enhances the breakdown (i.e. decomposition) of the zeolite thereby making it more efficacious for increasing bone strength or combating bone disease. Preferably, the compositions contain from about 35 to about 65 weight percent of the acid; the remainder being the zeolite Such compositions can be admixed with other materials such as excipients used in the preparation of unit dosage forms.

    Abstract translation: 含有沸石和酸的组合物，其适用于增加骨骼强度低于所需的动物骨骼强度和/或用于治疗，预防或延迟骨病，如骨质疏松症，骨软骨病或软骨发育不良的发作 。 优选的沸石是沸石A.优选的酸由柠檬酸，富马酸和天冬氨酸说明。 组合物中这种酸的存在增强了沸石的分解（即分解），从而使其更有效地增加骨强度或抵抗骨疾病。 优选地，组合物含有约35至约65重量％的酸; 其余的是沸石。这些组合物可以与其它材料混合，例如用于制备单位剂型的赋形剂。

    Modulation of adenylate cyclase response
    6.
    发明授权
    Modulation of adenylate cyclase response 失效
    腺苷酸环化酶反应的调节

    公开(公告)号：US4954448A

    公开(公告)日：1990-09-04

    申请号：US290307

    申请日：1988-12-27

    Applicant: Karl E. Wiegand ,  Robert K. Rude

    Inventor： Karl E. Wiegand ,  Robert K. Rude

    IPC: A61K31/00 ,  A61K33/00 ,  A61P3/08 ,  A61P43/00 ,  C12N9/88 ,  C12N9/99

    CPC classification number: C12N9/88 ,  A61K33/00

    Abstract: Silicic acid modulates (i.e. enhances or inhibits) adenylate cycloase activity. This effect appears to be a general one, inasmuch as the modulation has occurred in all tissues studied. The results suggest that silicic acid can be used in human and veterinary medicine to modulate hormone or neurotransmitter response. The results also indicate that silicic acid can be used to prevent, treat, or delay the onset of calcium-related bone disease, or to improve bone strength in an vertebrate having a bone strength less than desired.

    Abstract translation: 硅酸调节（即增强或抑制）腺苷酸环化酶活性。 这种效应似乎是一般的，因为调制已经发生在所有研究的组织中。 结果表明，硅酸可用于人和兽药调节激素或神经递质反应。 结果还表明，硅酸可用于预防，治疗或延迟钙相关性骨病的发作，或改善骨强度小于期望的脊椎动物的骨强度。

    Process for the purification of citric acid
    8.
    发明授权
    Process for the purification of citric acid 失效
    柠檬酸纯化方法

    公开(公告)号：US4113771A

    公开(公告)日：1978-09-12

    申请号：US807738

    申请日：1977-06-17

    Applicant: Walter W. Lawrence, Jr. ,  Tom W. McKay ,  Karl E. Wiegand

    Inventor： Walter W. Lawrence, Jr. ,  Tom W. McKay ,  Karl E. Wiegand

    IPC: C07C51/487 ,  C07C59/16 ,  C07C101/20

    CPC classification number: C07C51/487

    Abstract: It is disclosed that citric acid and salts thereof are readily produced by reacting acetone dicarboxyl ions, cyanide ions and alkali metal ions to produce an intermediate system which is subsequently reacted in an excess caustic system to form a salt of citric acid and that the salt is readily recovered by precipitation from the excess caustic system under proper conditions of concentration and temperature without requiring the formation of calcium salts. The recovered salt may be used directly or may be subjected to additional purification or may be converted to citric acid or other salts thereof by treatment with an acidification system such as sulfuric acid.

    Abstract translation: 公开了通过使丙酮二羧酸离子，氰化物离子和碱金属离子反应来制备柠檬酸及其盐，以产生中间体系，其随后在过量苛性体系中反应形成柠檬酸盐， 通过在合适的浓度和温度条件下从过量的苛性碱体系中沉淀而不需要形成钙盐而容易地回收。 回收的盐可以直接使用或可以进行额外的纯化，或者可以通过用酸化系统如硫酸处理而转化为柠檬酸或其它盐。

    Production of hydrocarbon-soluble hydrocarbylaluminoxanes
    10.
    发明授权
    Production of hydrocarbon-soluble hydrocarbylaluminoxanes 失效
    生产烃溶性烃基铝氧烷

    公开(公告)号：US5847177A

    公开(公告)日：1998-12-08

    申请号：US729268

    申请日：1996-10-10

    Applicant: Samuel A. Sangokoya ,  Karl E. Wiegand

    Inventor： Samuel A. Sangokoya ,  Karl E. Wiegand

    IPC: C07F5/06 ,  C08F10/00 ,  C08L85/00

    CPC classification number: C07F5/068 ,  C08F10/00

    Abstract: Novel aluminum-containing compositions having increased paraffin-solubility are produced from a methylaluminoxane composition having lower paraffin-solubility. These compositions are formed by mixing in liquid phase (A) at least one aluminum trialkyl (or solution or suspension formed therefrom), where the aluminum trialkyl has at least 30 carbon atoms in the molecule, where each alkyl group thereof is bifurcated in the 2-position into a pair of branches, where one such branch has n carbon atoms and the other such branch has at least n+2 carbon atoms, and where n is at least 3; and (B) at least one methylaluminoxane composition having lower heptane-solubility (or a solution or slurry formed therefrom). Preferably, the resultant mixture is agitated at one or more elevated temperatures at which the mixture becomes even more homogeneous. The aluminum trialkyl preferably is one or more in which there are at least 36 carbon atoms in the molecule, in which n is at least 4 and in which the longer branch of the bifurcated alkyl groups has n+2 carbon atoms.

    Abstract translation: 具有较高石蜡溶解度的新型含铝组合物由具有较低石蜡溶解度的甲基铝氧烷组合物制备。 这些组合物通过在液相（A）中混合至少一种三烷基铝（或由其形成的溶液或悬浮液），其中三烷基铝在分子中具有至少30个碳原子，其中每个烷基在2位上分叉 位于一对分支中，其中一个这样的支链具有n个碳原子，另一个这样的支链具有至少n + 2个碳原子，并且其中n至少为3; 和（B）至少一种具有较低庚烷溶解度的甲基铝氧烷组合物（或由其形成的溶液或浆料）。 优选地，将所得混合物在一个或多个升高的​​温度下搅拌，在该温度下混合物变得更均匀。 三烷基铝优选是分子中至少有36个碳原子的一个或多个，其中n至少为4，并且其中分叉的烷基的较长支链具有n + 2个碳原子。

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