摘要:
Provided is a magnetic refrigeration material which has a Curie temperature near room temperature or higher, and provides refrigeration performance well over that of conventional materials when subjected to a field change up to 2 Tesla, which is assumed to be achievable with a permanent magnet. The magnetic refrigeration material is of a composition represented by the formula La1-fREf(Fe1-a-b-c-d-eSiaCObXcYdZe)13 (RE: at least one of rare earth elements including Sc and Y and excluding La; X: Ga and/or Al; Y: at least one of Ge, Sn, B, and C; Z: at least one of Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Zr; 0.03≦a≦0.17, 0.003≦b≦0.06, 0.02≦c≦0.10, 0≦d≦0.04, 0≦e≦0.04, 0≦f≦0.50), and has Tc of not lower than 220 K and not higher than 276 K, and the maximum (−ΔSmax) of magnetic entropy change (−ΔSM) of the material when subjected to a field change up to 2 Tesla is not less than 5 J/kgK.
摘要翻译:本发明提供一种磁性制冷材料,其具有接近室温或更高的居里温度,并且当经过场效应达到2特斯拉时,其制冷性能优于常规材料,这被认为可以用永磁体实现。 磁致冷材料为式La1-fREf(Fe1-abcd-eSiaCObXcYdZe)13(RE:包括Sc和Y,除La之外的至少一种稀土元素,X:Ga和/或Al; Y :Ge,Sn,B和C中的至少一种; Z:Ti,V,Cr,Mn,Ni,Cu,Zn和Zr中的至少一种;0.03≤a≤0.17,0.003b@ 0.06,0.02 并且具有不低于220K且不高于276K的Tc,并且磁熵的最大值(-DeltaSmax) 当进行场特性变化达2特斯拉时材料的变化(-DeltaSM)不小于5J / kgK。
摘要:
Provided is a magnetic refrigeration material which has a Curie temperature near room temperature or higher, and provides refrigeration performance well over that of conventional materials when subjected to a field change up to 2 Tesla, which is assumed to be achievable with a permanent magnet. The magnetic refrigeration material is of a composition represented by the formula La1-fREf(Fe1-a-b-c-d-eSiaCObXcYdZe)13 (RE: at least one of rare earth elements including Sc and Y and excluding La; X: Ga and/or Al; Y: at least one of Ge, Sn, B, and C; Z: at least one of Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Zr; 0.03≦a≦0.17, 0.003≦b≦0.06, 0.02≦c≦0.10, 0≦d≦0.04, 0≦e≦0.04, 0≦f≦0.50), and has Tc of not lower than 220 K and not higher than 276 K, and the maximum (−ΔSmax) of magnetic entropy change (−ΔSM) of the material when subjected to a field change up to 2 Tesla is not less than 5 J/kgK.
摘要:
A Bifidobacterium bifidum proliferation promoting composition comprising a xylooligosaccharide which contains xylobiose as its principal component is disclosed. The xylooligosaccharide is obtained by enzymatically or physicochemically treating either xylan or hemicellulose derived from a natural source. Bifidobacterium bifidum which is useful for man is encouraged to proliferate in the intestines by the xylooligosaccharide which is not readily assimilated by Escherichia coli but is readily utilized by Bifidobacterium bifidum. The xylooligosaccharide is advantageously stable when exposed to acids or heat.
摘要:
A media information distribution service system, such as a video-on-demand service system, is disclosed which, even if the capacity of a line is small and the number of lines connected to a media server, such as a video server, has to be increased accordingly, permits an uneconomical increase in the number of line circuits in the media server to be checked. In the system, a subscriber group that a distributor accommodates can be associated with a plurality of distributor-side paths on a distributor-side line. Each of the distributor-side paths is connected to a respective one of server-side paths on separate server-side lines connecting the media server and an exchange. In sending media information to a subscriber group, an in-server path control unit installed in the media server is permitted to select a free one out of server-side paths on server-side lines allocated for that subscriber group and activates a line interface corresponding to the free server-side path.
摘要:
A method of manufacturing formable as-rolled thin steel sheets having excellent ridging resistance and other properties is disclosed, which comprises rolling a low carbon steel to a given thickness without cold rolling and recrystallization annealing steps. In this rolling, at least one rolling pass is carried out within a given temperature range at high draft and high strain rate.
摘要:
This invention provides a tin-free steel sheet, having superior lacquer adhesion, comprising metallic chromium and chromium oxide coatings on a steel sheet, characterized in that the chromium oxide coating is controlled such that I.sub.Cr.sup.580 /(I.sub.Cr.sup.580 +I.sub.Cr.sup.660) has a value of 0.5 or more provided that I.sub.Cr.sup.580 is the percent transmission corresponding to ol linkage and I.sub.Cr.sup.660 is the percent transmission corresponding to oxo linkage in the infrared absorption spectrum of said chromium oxide coating as measured by Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy.
摘要:
Tin-free steel sheets exhibiting improved retorting resistance with respect to paint adhesion are produced by chromium plating a steel sheet through cathodic electrolysis in a chromium ion-containing solution, reversely electrolyzing the sheet by a successive anodizing treatment in said solution, and subjecting the sheet to an electrolytic treatment in an aqueous chromate solution. The SO.sub.4.sup.-- concentration of the chromate solution used in the electrolytic chromate treatment should be limited to the range of 0.01 to 0.10 gram per liter of the solution.
摘要:
Coated electrical steel sheets having excellent punchability, weldability and insulation resistance are produced by applying an electrical steel sheet with a treating dispersion obtained by compounding the particle separating resin emulsion and the compatible resin to an aqueous solution containing chromic acid in the particularly defined amount and baking the thus applied steel sheets. To the treating dispersion may be added saccharides or polyhydric alcohols as a reducing agent or boric acid or phosphoric acid.
摘要:
An insulating glass film having an excellent uniformity and a high adhesion to a grain-oriented silicon steel sheet having a high magnetic induction is formed by annealing a coil of a cold rolled silicon steel sheet having a final gauge in an annealing furnace under a non-oxidizing and non-reducing neutral inert gas, such as nitrogen or argon at a constant temperature keeping stage of 800.degree.-920.degree.C and then under dry hydrogen at a temperature of 1,000.degree.-1,200.degree.C in the final annealing stage.
摘要:
The present invention aims at providing an ascending transmission speed controlling method and a communication system in an ATM-PON (asynchronous transfer mode-passive optical network), in which ascending transmission speeds on the PON are dynamically allocated corresponding to actual transmission states of communication channels of a best effort type, to thereby effectively utilize respective bands. To this end, according to the present invention, in an OLT (optical line termination) constituting the ATM-PON system, active/inactive states of communication channels are identified based on receiving states of ascending data cells transmitted from ONU's of subscriber side, respectively, and a congestion state of the ATM network is recognized by extracting B-RM (backward resource management) cells from descending data cells, respectively, transmitted from the ATM network, so that ascending transmission speeds on the PON are allocated to communication channels corresponding to service categories, based on such as the thus recognized information.