Process for manufacturing cyclocarbonates using a silver salt catalyst
    1.
    发明授权
    Process for manufacturing cyclocarbonates using a silver salt catalyst 失效
    使用银盐催化剂制造环状碳酸盐的方法

    公开(公告)号:US5817838A

    公开(公告)日:1998-10-06

    申请号:US946844

    申请日:1997-10-08

    CPC分类号: C07D317/72 C07D317/36

    摘要: A process for the manufacture of 4,4-disubstituted 5-methylene-1,3-dioxolan-2-ones ("cyclocarbonates") of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each independently signify a saturated or olefinically-unsaturated aliphatic group or an aromatic group, or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together form tetra- or pentamethylene, by reacting a corresponding 3,3-disubstituted prop-1-yn-3-ol of the formula HC.tbd.C--C(R.sup.1)(R.sup.2)--OH (II) with carbon dioxide in the presence of a quaternary ammonium or phosphonium salt as the catalyst comprises using a silver salt as a further catalyst. An alkali metal or quaternary ammonium or phosphonium salt of a carboxylic acid can also be used to increase the catalytic performance of the silver salt catalyst. Moreover, the addition of triphenylphosphine serves to accelerate the reaction to some extent. The silver salts catalyze this process significantly better than the previously utilized copper salts. Advantageously, the process uses much smaller amounts of catalyst, significantly shortens reaction times, and mandates less drastic reaction conditions. Cyclocarbonates produced by this process are valuable intermediates for the production of polymerizates and other useful substances, such as dyestuffs and carotenoids.

    摘要翻译: 制备下式的4,4-二取代的5-亚甲基-1,3-二氧戊环-2-酮(“环状碳酸酯”)的方法,其中R 1和R 2各自独立地表示饱和或不饱和的 脂族基团或芳族基团,或者R 1和R 2一起形成四或五亚甲基,通过使式HCB 3 CC(R 1)(R 2)-OH的相应的3,3-二取代的丙-1-炔-3-醇 (II)与作为催化剂的季铵盐或鏻盐存在下的二氧化碳包括使用银盐作为另外的催化剂。 也可以使用羧酸的碱金属或季铵或鏻盐来提高银盐催化剂的催化性能。 此外,加入三苯基膦可以在一定程度上加速反应。 银盐催化该方法显着优于先前使用的铜盐。 有利地,该方法使用少量的催化剂,显着缩短反应时间,并且要求较不剧烈的反应条件。 通过该方法生产的环碳酸酯是生产聚合物和其它有用物质如染料和类胡萝卜素的有价值的中间体。

    Process for the manufacture of optically active compounds
    2.
    发明授权
    Process for the manufacture of optically active compounds 失效
    光学活性化合物的制造方法

    公开(公告)号:US4578462A

    公开(公告)日:1986-03-25

    申请号:US525529

    申请日:1983-08-22

    摘要: The manufacture of optically active bifunctional compounds of the general formula ##STR1## wherein R represents protected hydroxymethyl, protected formyl or alkoxycarbonyl and R.sup.1 represents a group of the formula ##STR2## or --CH.sub.2 --CH.dbd.NR.sup.2 in which R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 represent lower alkyl or cycloalkyl or R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 together with the nitrogen atom represent a heterocyclic ring,by isomerizing compounds of the general formula ##STR3## wherein R, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 have the above significance and R.sup.3 can additionally signify hydrogen,is described.The compounds of formula I are potential intermediates in the manufacture of, inter alia, natural vitamin E and natural vitamin K.sub.1.

    摘要翻译: 制备通式为“IMAGE”I的光学活性双官能化合物,其中R表示被保护的羟甲基,受保护的甲酰基或烷氧基羰基,R 1表示下式的基团:其中R 2和R 3表示较低的式“IMAGE”或-CH 2 -CH = NR 2 烷基或环烷基或R 2和R 3与氮原子一起表示杂环,通过异构化通式为II,其中R,R 2和R 3具有上述含义并且R 3可以另外表示氢的化合物。 式I化合物是天然维生素E和天然维生素K1的制造中的潜在中间体。

    Phosphorus compounds
    5.
    发明授权
    Phosphorus compounds 失效
    磷化合物

    公开(公告)号:US4556740A

    公开(公告)日:1985-12-03

    申请号:US524714

    申请日:1983-08-19

    摘要: Novel chiral phosphorus compounds of the general formula ##STR1## wherein R signifies substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, which can be the same or different, signify hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, di-lower alkylamino or protected hydroxymethyl or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together signify the group ##STR2## in which m represents a number 3 to 5, R.sup.4 represents lower alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted phenyl or benzyl and R.sup.5 represents lower alkyl or both R.sup.5 's together represent lower alkylene, R.sup.3 signifies methyl, lower alkoxy, di-lower alkylamino or fluorine and n signifies the number 0, 1, 2 or 3, are described.The compounds of formula I are useful in the form of complexes with a metal of Group VIII as catalysts for asymmetric hydrogenations and enantioselective hydrogen displacements in prochiral allylic systems.

    摘要翻译: 新的通式为其中R表示取代或未取代的苯基的手性磷化合物,R 1和R 2可以相同或不同,表示氢,低级烷基,低级烷氧基,二低级烷基氨基或被保护的羟甲基或R 1 R 2代表低级烷基,取代或未取代的苯基或苄基,R 5代表低级烷基或两者,R 5一起代表低级亚烷基,R 3表示 甲基,低级烷氧基,二低级烷基氨基或氟,n表示数字0,1,2或3。 式I的化合物可用于与第VIII族金属的络合物作为非手性氢化的催化剂和前手性烯丙基体系中的对映选择性氢置换的形式。

    Photochemical preparation of previtamin D
    6.
    发明授权
    Photochemical preparation of previtamin D 失效
    维生素D的光化学制备

    公开(公告)号:US4551214A

    公开(公告)日:1985-11-05

    申请号:US620418

    申请日:1984-06-14

    摘要: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 -R.sup.4 is hydrogen or chlorine, R.sup.5 is --COOMe or --SO.sub.3 Me, Me is an alkali metal cation and X is oxygen, sulfur or selenium, photosensitizers for the conversion of tachysterol into previtamin D are described. The tachysterol content in mixtures of previtamin D and tachysterol can be greatly reduced by visible light irradiation in the presence of such photosensitizers.

    摘要翻译: 式(I)的化合物,其中R 1 -R 4是氢或氯,R 5是-COOMe或-SO 3 Me,Me是碱金属阳离子,X是氧,硫或硒,用于将速甾醇转化成前药的光敏剂 D描述。 在存在这种光敏剂的情况下,通过可见光照射可以大大减少前药维生素D和速他甾醇混合物中的速溶甾体含量。