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1.发明申请REMOVAL OF HYDROGEN SULFIDE AS AMMONIUM SULFATE FROM HYDROPYROLYSIS PRODUCT VAPORS 有权从水解产物蒸气中除去硫化氢作为硫酸铵公开(公告)号：US20150027184A1
公开(公告)日：2015-01-29
申请号：US14512841
申请日：2014-10-13
CPC分类号： C10G1/002 , B01D53/52 , B01D53/75 , B01D2255/705 , B01D2257/304 , C01B3/38 , C01B2203/0233 , C01C1/022 , C01C1/026 , C01C1/247 , C05C3/00 , C10G1/06 , C10G3/50 , C10G2300/1011 , C10G2300/207 , C10G2400/02 , C10G2400/04 , C10G2400/08 , C10J2300/0966 , C10K1/004 , C10L1/04 , C10L2200/0469 , Y02E50/32 , Y02E50/343 , Y02P20/145 , Y02P20/52 , Y02P30/20 , Y02W30/47
摘要： A system and method for processing biomass into hydrocarbon fuels that includes processing a biomass in a hydropyrolysis reactor resulting in hydrocarbon fuels and a process vapor stream and cooling the process vapor stream to a condensation temperature resulting in an aqueous stream. The aqueous stream is sent to a catalytic reactor where it is oxidized to obtain a product stream containing ammonia and ammonium sulfate. A resulting cooled product vapor stream includes non-condensable process vapors comprising H2, CH4, CO, CO2, ammonia and hydrogen sulfide.
摘要翻译： 一种用于将生物质加工成烃燃料的系统和方法，其包括在加氢热解反应器中加工生物质，产生烃燃料和工艺蒸汽流，并将工艺蒸汽流冷却至导致含水流的冷凝温度。 将水流送入催化反应器，在其中被氧化，得到含有氨和硫酸铵的产物流。 所得到的冷却产物蒸汽流包括不可冷凝的工艺蒸气，其包含H 2，CH 4，CO，CO 2，氨和硫化氢。
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公开(公告)号：US20210171345A1
公开(公告)日：2021-06-10
申请号：US17153375
申请日：2021-01-20
发明人： Terry MARKER , Martin B. LINCK , Jim WANGEROW , Pedro ORTIZ-TORAL
IPC分类号： C01B3/40 , B01J23/656 , B01J23/10 , B01J23/63
摘要： Processes for converting methane and/or other hydrocarbons to synthesis gas (i.e., a gaseous mixture comprising H2 and CO) are disclosed, in which at least a portion of the hydrocarbon(s) is reacted with CO2. At least a second portion of the methane may be reacted with H2O (steam), thereby improving overall thermodynamics of the process, in terms of reducing endothermicity (AH) and the required energy input, compared to “pure” dry reforming in which no H2O is present. Catalysts for such processes advantageously possess high activity and thereby can achieve significant levels of methane conversion at temperatures below those used conventionally under comparable conditions. These catalysts also exhibit high sulfur tolerance, in addition to reduced rates of carbon (coke) formation, even in the processing (reforming) of heavier (e.g., naphtha boiling-range or jet fuel boiling-range) hydrocarbons. The robustness of the catalyst translates to high operating stability. A representative catalyst comprises 1 wt-% Pt and 1 wt-% Rh as noble metals, on a cerium oxide support.
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公开(公告)号：US20170204333A1
公开(公告)日：2017-07-20
申请号：US15474245
申请日：2017-03-30
CPC分类号： C10G1/002 , C01B3/34 , C01B2203/0233 , C01B2203/0405 , C01B2203/043 , C01B2203/062 , C01B2203/1235 , C01B2203/1264 , C01B2203/148 , C10G1/06 , C10G3/42 , C10G3/46 , C10G3/50 , C10G3/52 , C10G2300/1003 , C10K1/32 , Y02P20/145 , Y02P30/20
摘要： Various techniques are disclosed for pretreating municipal solid waste (MSW) and other biomass-containing feedstocks that may be of a poorer quality and consequently more difficult, or even impossible, to convert to higher value liquid products (e.g., transportation fuels) using conventional processes. Such conventional processes may otherwise be satisfactory for the conversion of the biomass portion of the feedstock alone. The pretreatment of biomass-containing feedstocks may generally include steps carried out prior to a hydropyrolysis step and optionally further steps, in order to change one or more characteristics of the feedstock, rendering it more easily upgradable.
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公开(公告)号：US20160002540A1
公开(公告)日：2016-01-07
申请号：US14321147
申请日：2014-07-01
IPC分类号： C10G1/00
CPC分类号： C10G1/002 , C01B3/34 , C01B2203/0233 , C01B2203/0405 , C01B2203/043 , C01B2203/062 , C01B2203/1235 , C01B2203/1264 , C01B2203/148 , C10G1/06 , C10G3/42 , C10G3/46 , C10G3/50 , C10G3/52 , C10G2300/1003 , C10K1/32 , Y02P30/20
摘要： Various techniques are disclosed for pretreating municipal solid waste (MSW) and other biomass-containing feedstocks that may be of a poorer quality and consequently more difficult, or even impossible, to convert to higher value liquid products (e.g., transportation fuels) using conventional processes. Such conventional processes may otherwise be satisfactory for the conversion of the biomass portion of the feedstock alone. The pretreatment of biomass-containing feedstocks may generally include steps carried out prior to a hydropyrolysis step and optionally further steps, in order to change one or more characteristics of the feedstock, rendering it more easily upgradable.
摘要翻译： 公开了各种技术用于预处理城市固体废物（MSW）和其他可能具有较差质量的生物质原料，因此更难或甚至不可能使用常规方法转化为更高价值的液体产品（例如运输燃料） 。 否则这种常规方法可能对于单独的原料的生物质部分的转化是令人满意的。 含生物质的原料的预处理通常可以包括在加氢热解步骤之前进行的步骤和任选的进一步的步骤，以改变原料的一种或多种特性，使其更容易升级。
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5.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20190144765A1
公开(公告)日：2019-05-16
申请号：US15813814
申请日：2017-11-15
发明人： Terry MARKER , Martin B. LINCK , Jim WANGEROW , Pedro ORTIZ-TORAL
摘要： Processes for converting methane and/or other hydrocarbons to synthesis gas (i.e., a gaseous mixture comprising H2 and CO) are disclosed, in which at least a portion of the hydrocarbon(s) is reacted with CO2. At least a second portion of the methane may be reacted with H2O (steam), thereby improving overall thermodynamics of the process, in terms of reducing endothermicity (ΔH) and the required energy input, compared to “pure” dry reforming in which no H2O is present. Such dry reforming (reaction with CO2 only) or CO2-steam reforming (reaction with both CO2 and steam) processes are advantageously integrated with Fischer-Tropsch synthesis to yield liquid hydrocarbon fuels. Further integration may involve the use of a downstream finishing stage involving hydroisomerization to remove FT wax. Yet other integration options involve the use of combined CO2-steam reforming and FT synthesis stages (optionally with finishing) for producing liquid fuels from gas streams generated in a number of possible processes, including the hydropyrolysis of biomass.
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6.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20160068758A1
公开(公告)日：2016-03-10
申请号：US14479246
申请日：2014-09-05
CPC分类号： C10G1/002 , C01B2203/0216 , C01B2203/0405 , C01B2203/043 , C10G1/06 , C10G3/50 , C10G47/02 , C10G65/12 , C10G2300/1011 , Y02P20/145 , Y02P30/20
摘要： A hydropyrolysis process comprises feeding both (i) hydrogen and (ii) a biomass-containing feedstock or a biomass-derived feedstock, to a hydropyrolysis reactor vessel. The process comprises producing a CO2-containing vapor stream and at least one liquid product. A CO2 product, separated from the CO2-containing vapor stream, is advantageously used for at least one inertization function of the hydropyrolysis process. Representative inertization functions include operation of solids transport equipment, blanketing of liquid containers, drying of biomass-containing feedstock or biomass-derived feedstock, conveying or separating solids, and combinations thereof. Importantly, CO2 products utilized for these inertization functions may be obtained predominantly, if not completely (depending on the nature of the feedstock), from renewable carbon in biomass.
摘要翻译： 加氢热解过程包括将（i）氢和（ii）含生物质的原料或生物质衍生的原料进料到加氢热解反应器容器中。 该方法包括产生含CO 2的蒸汽流和至少一种液体产物。 与含CO 2的蒸汽流分离的CO 2产物有利地用于加氢热解过程的至少一种惰性化功能。 代表性的惰性化功能包括固体输送设备的操作，液体容器的覆盖，含生物质的原料或生物质衍生的原料的干燥，输送或分离固体及其组合。 重要的是，用于这些惰性化功能的二氧化碳产品可以主要地从生物质中的可再生碳获得，如果不是完全（取决于原料的性质）。
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公开(公告)号：US20130338412A1
公开(公告)日：2013-12-19
申请号：US13843367
申请日：2013-03-15
发明人： Terry L. MARKER , Larry G. FELIX , Martin B. LINCK
IPC分类号： C10G1/00
CPC分类号： C10G1/002 , C01B3/34 , C01B3/56 , C01B2203/0205 , C01B2203/0233 , C01B2203/0283 , C01B2203/042 , C01B2203/043 , C01B2203/0475 , C01B2203/0811 , C01B2203/0822 , C01B2203/0827 , C01B2203/1241 , C01B2203/1247 , C01B2203/1258 , C01B2203/148 , C10G3/42 , C10G3/46 , C10G3/50 , C10G3/60 , C10G2300/1011 , C10G2300/4018 , C10G2300/4081 , C10G2400/02 , C10G2400/04 , C10K1/32 , C10K3/04 , C10L1/04 , Y02E50/13 , Y02P20/128 , Y02P30/20
摘要： A self-sustaining process for producing liquid fuels from biomass in which the biomass is hydropyrolyzed in a reactor vessel containing molecular hydrogen and a deoxygenating catalyst, producing a partially deoxygenated pyrolysis liquid, which is hydrogenated using a hydroconversion catalyst, producing a substantially fully deoxygenated pyrolysis liquid and a gaseous mixture comprising CO and light hydrocarbon gases (C1-C4). The gaseous mixture is reformed in a steam reformer, producing reformed molecular hydrogen, which is then introduced into the reactor vessel for hydropyrolizing the biomass. The deoxygenated liquid product is further processed to produce diesel fuel and gasoline.
摘要翻译： 一种用于从生物质生产液体燃料的自持式方法，其中生物质在含有分子氢和脱氧催化剂的反应器容器中被氢解，产生部分脱氧的热解液，其使用加氢转化催化剂氢化，产生基本上完全脱氧的热解 液体和包含CO和轻质烃气体（C1-C4）的气体混合物。 气体混合物在蒸汽重整器中重整，产生重整的分子氢，然后将其引入反应器容器中用于氢化生物质。 进一步处理脱氧液体产物以产生柴油和汽油。
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公开(公告)号：US20210348063A1
公开(公告)日：2021-11-11
申请号：US17182783
申请日：2021-02-23
发明人： Martin B. LINCK , Terry MARKER , Pedro ORTIZ-TORAL , Jim WANGEROW
摘要： Process are disclosed for converting plastics, and especially thermoplastic oxygenated polymers, by hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) to hydrocarbons, such as aromatic hydrocarbons including benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene isomers. These hydrocarbons may be recovered as chemicals and/or fuels, depending on the particular chemical structures of the starting materials, including the presence of oxygen in the polymer backbones. Advantageously, using a sufficiently active catalyst, only moderate conditions, such as in terms of hydrogen partial pressure, are required, in comparison to known hydrotreating processes. This leads to the formation, with fewer non-selective side reactions, of desired liquid hydrocarbons from substantially all carbon in the oxygenated polymer, as well as water from substantially all oxygen in the oxygenated polymer. In some cases, the liquid hydrocarbons obtained are platform chemicals that can be used for a number of specialized purposes. For example, they may be converted to monomers for regenerating the oxygenated polymer or otherwise for producing a different polymer.
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公开(公告)号：US20190210941A1
公开(公告)日：2019-07-11
申请号：US15867902
申请日：2018-01-11
发明人： Terry MARKER , Jim WANGEROW , Dane BOYSEN , Martin B. LINCK , Pedro ORTIZ-TORAL
摘要： Aspects of the invention are associated with the discovery of approaches for the conversion of sour natural gas streams, by conversion to liquid hydrocarbons. Particular processes and their associated apparatuses advantageously combine (i) dehydroaromatization (DHA) of methane in a gaseous feedstock, to produce aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, with (ii) the reaction of H2S and methane in this feedstock, to produce organic sulfur compounds such as carbon disulfide (CS2) and thiophene (C4H4S). A gaseous product having a reduced concentration of H2S is thereby generated. The aromatic hydrocarbons and organic sulfur compounds may be recovered in a liquid product. Both the gaseous and liquid products may be easily amenable to further upgrading. Other advantages of the disclosed processes and apparatuses reside in their simplicity, whereby the associated streams, including a potential gaseous recycle, generally avoid high partial pressures of H2S.
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公开(公告)号：US20170137294A1
公开(公告)日：2017-05-18
申请号：US14940024
申请日：2015-11-12
摘要： Hydropyrolysis processes that accompany the generation of activated carbon as an end product, as well as processes for the production of activated carbon from hydropyrolysis char, are described. Representative processes comprise upgrading, by steam activation, char that is formed from solid biomass-containing feedstocks and/or solid biomass derived feedstocks, such as lignocellulosic feedstocks (e.g., wood). Such processes are associated with a number of advantages in terms of achieving operating synergies, obtaining desirable intermediate material and end product properties, reducing environmental impact, and significantly improving economic attractiveness.
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