Abstract:
QUATERNARY AMMONIUM AND PHOSPHONIUM THIOCYANATES HAVE BEEN FOUND TO ACCELERATE THE CURING OF EPOXY-AMINE OR EPOXY-ANHYDRIDE SYSTEMS EFFECTIVELY. SINCE THESE COMPOUNDS ARE FREE OF PROTONS, THEY ARE ESPECIALLY USEFUL FOR EPOXY-ANHYDRIDE ADHESIVES. THESE ACCELERATORS CAN ALSO BE USED IN CONJUNCTION WITH KNOWN ACCELERATORS, SUCH AS TERTIARY AMINES.
Abstract:
The dehydrohalogenation of polyvinyl chloride conducted in the presence of a dienophile results in a Diels-Alder reaction between the polyvinyl chloride and the dienophile, producing a polycyclic non-crosslinked modified polyvinyl chloride.
Abstract:
Compositions of aluminum trihydrocarbyls (triisobutyl aluminum) and titanium (III) halide-amine hydrohalide complexes are useful in the polymerization of cyclic oxides such as ethylene oxide, allyl glycidyl ether, propylene oxide, oxetane and the like. The complex has the formula YH (TiX4) where Y is an amine having up to 20 carbon atoms and a pK value of not greater than 12, X is halogen and Ti has a valence of three and is prepared by reacting a mercaptan and an amine with a titanium tetrahalide. The resulting complex and disulfide can be separated from each other by virtue of their different solubilities.
Abstract:
4-VINYL PYRIDINES ARE TRIMERIZED IN THE PRESENCE OF AN ALKALI METAL ORGANIC IMIDE IN A SOLVENT, FOR EXAMPLE THE REACTION PRODUCT OF SODIUM AND ETHYLENIMINE IN THE PRESENCE OF EXCESS ETHYLENIMINE, TO FORM 1,3,5-TRIS(4-PYRIDYL) CYCLOHEXANCES WHICH CAN BE REACTED WITH ALKYL BENZENE SULFONIC ACIDS TO MAKE OIL SOLUBLE WETTING AGENTS USEFUL IN MAKING WATER-IN-OIL EMULSIONS. THE 1,3,5-TRIS(4-PYRIDYL CYCLOHEXANES CAN ALSO BE HYDROGENATED TO FORM 1,3,5-TRIS(4-PIPERIDYL) CYCLOHEXANES. BOTH TYPES OF CYCLOHEXANES FIND UTILITY AS ACCELERATORS FOR SULFUR CURABLE MILLABLE RUBBERS AND RESINS, FOR EXAMPLE, NATURAL RUBBER. THE 1,3,5TRIS(4-PIPERIDYL) CYCLOHEXANES CAN BE USED TO CURE EPOXIDES, OR ANHYDRIDE CONTAINING POLYMERIC MATERIALS (FOR INSTANCE, THE COPOLYMER OF MALEIC ANHYDRIDE AND STYRENE); THEY WILL ALSO CROSSLINK OR CHAIN EXTEND ISOCYANATE TERMINATED POLYURETHANE PREPOLYMERS, OR POLYISOCYANATES, AND CAN BE USED IN THE ONE-SHOT PROCESSES OF MAKING POLYURETHANES BY MIXING WITH THE POLYOL, H2O, ETC. THE 1,3,5-TRIS(4-PIPERIDYL) CYCLOHEXANES CAN BE REACTED WITH EPOXIDES AND/OR EPISULFIDES TO MAKE ETHERS AND/OR THIOETHERS AND POLYETHER AND/OR THIOETHER POLYOLS AND/OR POLYTHIOLS WHICH CAN BE TREATED WITH ISOCYANATES OR POLYISOCYANTES TO MAKE POLYURETHANES AND POLYTHIOURETHANES.
AZ IS AN AZIRIDINO GROUP, R IS HYDROGEN, OR AN ALKENYL, ALKENYL CYCLO ALIPHATIC, ALKENYLARYL, HYDROXYPOLYOXYALKYLENE, OR A HYDROXY POLYOXYALKYLENE (OXYALKYENYL) GROUP, AND R'' IS HYDROGEN, OR A HYDROXYPOLYOXALKYLENE, OR A HYDROXY POLYOXYALKYLENE (OXYALKENYL) GROUP
ARE PREPARED ACCORDING TO THE REACTION ILLUSTRATED BY THE FOLLOWING TYPICAL PREPARATION:
2-(HO-CH2-)-OXIRANE + AZIRIDINE ---->
1-(HO-CH2-CH(-OH)-CH2-)-AZIRIDINE
THE NEW COMPOUNDS CAN BE USED IN FORMING ADHESIVES, COATINGS FOR FABRICS, FOAMS AND SPONGES, BINDERS, EMULSIFIERS AND SURFACTANTS AND AS CROSS-LINKERS FOR POLYMERS.
Abstract:
Polyurethane adhesive compositions, particularly the conventional two-component systems, are rendered minimally sensitive to moisture on a substrate surface by limiting the ratio of active hydrogen atoms to isocyanate groups to from about 1.1:1 to 1.9:1 while maintaining the ratio of calculated branching coefficient to critical branching coefficient at 1.4:1 or higher.
Abstract:
Compositions of aluminum trihydrocarbyls (triisobutyl aluminum) and titanium (III) halide-amine hydrohalide complexes are useful in the polymerization of olefins and cyclic oxides such as ethylene, propylene, butadiene and propylene oxide. The complex has the formula YH (TiX4) where Y is an amine having up to 20 carbon atoms and a pK value of not greater than 12, X is halogen and Ti has a valence of three and is prepared by reacting a mercaptan and an amine with a titanium tetrahalide. The resulting complex and disulfide can be separated from each other by virtue of their different solubilities. The process also affords a method of making a disulfide.