公开(公告)号：US20050106092A1

公开(公告)日：2005-05-19

申请号：US10505242

申请日：2003-02-15

申请人： Frank Dziobek ,  Detlev Claes ,  Joachim Johanning ,  Rainer Maurer ,  Erich Szonn

发明人： Frank Dziobek ,  Detlev Claes ,  Joachim Johanning ,  Rainer Maurer ,  Erich Szonn

IPC分类号： C01B21/40 ,  C01B21/38 ,  C01B21/44 ,  C01B21/46 ,  H02P9/04

CPC分类号： C01B21/26 ,  C01B21/28 ,  F01K23/064 ,  Y02P20/129

摘要： The invention relates to a method for the production of nitric acid having a concentration of between 50 and 76%, from ammonia and gas containing oxygen, under pressure, according to a single pressure method or dual pressure method. The expansion of the residual gas takes place in at least two stages in a work efficient manner. At least one device for heating the previously expanded gas to a temperature of more than 450° is disposed between every other expansion stage, using waste heat from the production process of nitric acid.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种根据单一压力法或双压法在压力下从氨和含氧气体生产浓度为50至76％的硝酸的方法。 残余气体的膨胀以至少两个阶段以有效的方式进行。 使用来自硝酸生产过程的废热，将至少一个用于将先前膨胀的气体加热到大于450°的温度的装置设置在每个其它膨胀阶段之间。

公开(公告)号：US07258849B2

公开(公告)日：2007-08-21

申请号：US10505242

申请日：2003-02-15

申请人： Frank Dziobek ,  Detlev Claes ,  Joachim Johanning ,  Rainer Maurer ,  Erich Szonn

发明人： Frank Dziobek ,  Detlev Claes ,  Joachim Johanning ,  Rainer Maurer ,  Erich Szonn

IPC分类号： C01B21/24 ,  C01B21/26 ,  C01B21/38 ,  C01B21/40

CPC分类号： C01B21/26 ,  C01B21/28 ,  F01K23/064 ,  Y02P20/129

摘要： The invention relates to a method for the production of nitric acid having a concentration of between 50 and 76%, from ammonia and gas containing oxygen, under pressure, according to a single pressure method or dual pressure method. The expansion of the residual gas takes place in at least two stages in a work efficient manner. At least one device for heating the previously expanded gas to a temperature of more than 450° is disposed between every other expansion stage, using waste heat from the production process of nitric acid.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种根据单一压力法或双压法在压力下从氨和含氧气体生产浓度为50至76％的硝酸的方法。 残余气体的膨胀以至少两个阶段以有效的方式进行。 使用来自硝酸生产过程的废热，将至少一个用于将先前膨胀的气体加热到大于450°的温度的装置设置在每个其它膨胀阶段之间。

公开(公告)号：US06264910B1

公开(公告)日：2001-07-24

申请号：US09277389

申请日：2001-03-26

申请人： Rainer Maurer ,  Erich Szonn ,  Wolfgang Seehars ,  Lothar Mietze

发明人： Rainer Maurer ,  Erich Szonn ,  Wolfgang Seehars ,  Lothar Mietze

IPC分类号： C01B2138

CPC分类号： C01B21/26 ,  Y02P20/129

摘要： A process for the production of nitric acid using the dual-pressure process in which the ammonia is burnt at an initial low pressure with the aid of compressed process air and the nitrous gases formed during combustion are at least partly absorbed by water at a second pressure which is higher than the first. This causes nitric acid to be produced and the pressure of the residual gas, which is not absorbed, is reduced to atmospheric pressure in a residual gas expander for the purpose of winning compression potential. Said process provides a solution aimed at optimising the production of nitric acid whilst improving the production parameters and the materials and energy balances. This is achieved by supplying a multishaft geared centrifugal compressor separately with process air and nitrous gas, the process air being compressed to the initial pressure and the nitrous gas being compressed to a second pressure.

摘要翻译： 使用双压法生产硝酸的方法，其中氨在压缩处理空气的帮助下在初始低压下燃烧，并且在燃烧期间形成的亚硝态气至少部分地被第二压力的水吸收 高于第一。 这导致产生硝酸，并且为了获得压缩电位的目的，在残余气体膨胀器中将不吸收的残余气体的压力降低到大气压。 所述方法提供了一种解决方案，旨在优化硝酸的生产，同时改善生产参数和材料和能量平衡。这是通过单独向过程空气和亚硝酸气体供应多轴齿轮式离心压缩机而实现的，过程空气被压缩到 初始压力和亚硝气被压缩至第二压力。

公开(公告)号：US09266081B2

公开(公告)日：2016-02-23

申请号：US12998775

申请日：2009-12-01

申请人： Meinhard Schwefer ,  Michael Groves ,  Jürgen Fuchs ,  Rainer Maurer ,  Rolf Siefert ,  Bernhard Hündgen

发明人： Meinhard Schwefer ,  Michael Groves ,  Jürgen Fuchs ,  Rainer Maurer ,  Rolf Siefert ,  Bernhard Hündgen

IPC分类号： B01J19/00 ,  C01B21/26 ,  C01C3/02 ,  B01J8/02 ,  B01J8/00 ,  B01J12/00 ,  B01J15/00 ,  B01J19/24 ,  B01J19/26 ,  C01B21/28

CPC分类号： B01J8/0285 ,  B01J8/008 ,  B01J8/025 ,  B01J8/0278 ,  B01J12/007 ,  B01J15/005 ,  B01J19/0013 ,  B01J19/002 ,  B01J19/2485 ,  B01J19/26 ,  B01J2208/00203 ,  B01J2208/00212 ,  B01J2208/00495 ,  B01J2208/00548 ,  B01J2208/00716 ,  B01J2219/00083 ,  B01J2219/00094 ,  B01J2219/00119 ,  B01J2219/00155 ,  B01J2219/00164 ,  B01J2219/00245 ,  B01J2219/32296 ,  B01J2219/324 ,  C01B21/26 ,  C01B21/267 ,  C01B21/28 ,  C01C3/022

摘要： Improved reactors for catalytic, exothermic gas phase reactions with, as seen in the flow direction of a feed gas, which contains at least one oxidant and at least one component to be oxidized, an entry zone (1), a reaction zone (2) comprising at least one catalyst (4) and an exit zone (3) for the product gas are described. The reactors, at least in the area of the entry zone (1), have means, for example insulating jackets (6) and/or devices for the transport of cooling agents, which decrease the transport of heat produced in the reaction zone (2) into the entry zone (1) and thus decrease the risks of pre-ignition of the feed gas mixture employed or of the course of undesired side reactions in the entry zone (1) and/or wherein the inner walls of the reactor, at least in the area of the entry zone (1), are elaborated from inert material. The feed gas enters into the entry zone (1) as a homogeneous gas mixture with respect to its substance composition via one or more feed lines (30). The reactors can especially be employed for ammonia oxidation, for example in nitric acid plants, in which transition metal catalysts preferably elaborated in honeycomb form with smaller cross sections than the customarily employed platinum gauzes are used.

摘要翻译： 如在进料气体的流动方向上看到的含有至少一种氧化剂和至少一种待氧化的组分的入口区域（1），反应区域（2）的改进的催化，放热气相反应器， 描述了至少一种用于产物气体的催化剂（4）和出口区（3）。 至少在进入区域（1）的区域中的反应器具有诸如用于输送冷却剂的绝缘套（6）和/或装置的装置，这减少了在反应区（2）中产生的热的传输 ）进入进入区（1），从而降低进料区（1）中所采用的进料气体混合物的预点火风险或不期望的副反应过程的风险，和/或其中反应器的内壁在 至少在进入区域（1）的区域，由惰性材料制成。 进料气体通过一个或多个进料管线（30）相对于其物质组合物作为均匀气体混合物进入入口区域（1）。 反应器可以特别用于氨氧化，例如在硝酸设备中，其中优选使用具有小于通常使用的铂网的横截面的蜂窝形式的过渡金属催化剂。

公开(公告)号：US07118723B2

公开(公告)日：2006-10-10

申请号：US10220361

申请日：2001-03-02

申请人： Rainer Maurer

发明人： Rainer Maurer

IPC分类号： C01B21/38 ,  C01B21/40

CPC分类号： C01B21/26

摘要： A process for producing nitric acid of a concentration in the range of 68 to 76% by weight, using the mono-pressure or the dual-pressure process in which the ammonia feedstock is combusted with the aid of compressed process air. The water vapour content of the process air used for combustion and/or stripping and imported from outside the system, is reduced in this process.

摘要翻译： 使用压缩工艺空气中的氨原料燃烧的单压或双压法生产浓度在68至76重量％范围内的硝酸的方法。 在此过程中，用于燃烧和/或汽提和从系统外部进口的工艺空气的水汽含量减少了。

公开(公告)号：US07906091B2

公开(公告)日：2011-03-15

申请号：US10181120

申请日：2001-01-09

申请人： Meinhard Schwefer ,  Rainer Maurer ,  Thomas Turek

发明人： Meinhard Schwefer ,  Rainer Maurer ,  Thomas Turek

IPC分类号： B01D53/02 ,  C01B21/22

CPC分类号： C01B21/265 ,  B01D53/8628 ,  B01D2255/20738 ,  B01D2255/50 ,  B01D2255/504 ,  B01D2257/402 ,  B01J29/46 ,  Y02C20/10 ,  Y02P20/129 ,  Y02P20/153

摘要： A method and device for removal of N2O in nitric acid production are disclosed. The device is arranged after a heat exchanger, post ammonia burning, before the absorption tower and contains a catalyst, which essentially comprises one or several iron loaded zeolites.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种在硝酸生产中去除N2O的方法和装置。 装置布置在热交换器之后，氨燃烧之前，在吸收塔之前并且包含催化剂，催化剂基本上包含一个或多个加载铁的沸石。

公开(公告)号：US07838789B2

公开(公告)日：2010-11-23

申请号：US11895733

申请日：2007-08-27

申请人： Michael Stoffers ,  Rainer Maurer ,  Uwe Gillmann

发明人： Michael Stoffers ,  Rainer Maurer ,  Uwe Gillmann

IPC分类号： H01H19/00

CPC分类号： H01H23/30

摘要： A rocker switch (10) is provided with a mechanical switch unit consisting of a switch housing (11) made of plastic, a switching element (14) supported in spring-loaded manner on said switch housing so as to be capable of moving back and forth, and an actuating rocker (16) connected to the switching element (14), and also with limit-stop elements (48, 49, 51, 52) for limiting the actuating angle of the actuating rocker (16), and with an electrical switch unit. In order to obtain variable actuating angles and overcompression functions, the invention provides that the actuating rocker (16) is provided with an overcompression element (36) which in one or both of the actuating directions comes to be operationally connected to an overcompression stop (46, 47) on the switch housing (11) before the limit-stop elements (51, 52) come into operation.

摘要翻译： 摇臂开关（10）设置有机械开关单元，该机械开关单元包括由塑料制成的开关壳体（11），以弹簧加载的方式支撑在所述开关壳体上的开关元件（14），以便能够向后移动， 以及连接到开关元件（14）的致动摇杆（16），以及用于限制致动摇臂（16）的致动角度的限位件（48,49,51,52），并且具有 电气开关单元。 为了获得可变的致动角度和过压缩功能，本发明提供了致动摇杆（16）设置有过压元件（36），其在一个或两个致动方向上可操作地连接到过压停止件（46） ，47）在限位元件（51,52）开始运行之前的开关壳体（11）上。

公开(公告)号：US20080127664A1

公开(公告)日：2008-06-05

申请号：US11998732

申请日：2007-11-30

申请人： Joan Aguilar ,  Rainer Maurer

发明人： Joan Aguilar ,  Rainer Maurer

IPC分类号： F25B41/06 ,  F25B41/04

CPC分类号： F25B41/062 ,  F25B9/008 ,  F25B40/00 ,  F25B2309/061 ,  F25B2341/063

摘要： The invention relates to a thermostatic expansion valve having a valve element (33) which, for the throughflow of the refrigerant, closes and moves in the opening direction a valve seat (32) of a passage opening (29) arranged between the supply opening (27) and the discharge opening (31), and which is assigned to a first actuating element (36), the first actuating element (36) comprising a chamber (38) which is delimited with a first active face (37) and which contains a control charge (41), wherein an actuating element (46) is provided, which is thermally activated independently of the high pressure, the actuating movement of which actuating element (46) is coupled in terms of movement to the first active face (37) of the first actuating element (36) when a temperature-dependent actuating movement of the thermally activatable actuating element (46) acts counter to the actuating movement of the first active face (37) of the first actuating element (36), with a temperature threshold value of the thermally activatable actuating element (46) for an actuating movement being set to an identical value as the MOT (maximum operation temperature) of the control charge (41) of the first actuating element (36), which control charge (41) has a fluid density which lies below its critical density.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种具有阀元件（33）的恒温膨胀阀，该阀元件（33）为了使制冷剂的通流在打开方向上闭合并且设置在供给开口（29）之间的通道开口（29）的阀座（32） 27）和排放口（31），并且被分配给第一致动元件（36），所述第一致动元件（36）包括腔室（38），所述腔室由第一主动面（37）界定并且包含 控制装置（41），其中设置有与高压独立地热启动的致动元件（46），所述致动元件（46）在运动方面联接到第一主动面（37） ），当所述可热激活的致动元件（46）的温度相关的致动运动与所述第一致动元件（36）的所述第一主动面（37）的致动运动相反时，所述第一致动元件（36） ，具有用于致动运动的可热激活致动元件（46）的温度阈值被设置为与第一致动元件（36）的控制电荷（41）的MOT（最大操作温度）相同的值，其中 控制电荷（41）具有低于其临界密度的流体密度。

公开(公告)号：US06691589B2

公开(公告)日：2004-02-17

申请号：US10164167

申请日：2002-06-05

申请人： Uwe Gillman ,  Rainer Maurer ,  Stoffers Michael ,  Lamm Klaus ,  Jost Hans-Georg

发明人： Uwe Gillman ,  Rainer Maurer ,  Stoffers Michael ,  Lamm Klaus ,  Jost Hans-Georg

IPC分类号： G05G1300

CPC分类号： G05G9/047 ,  G05G1/10 ,  G05G2009/04774 ,  Y10T16/44 ,  Y10T74/20201

摘要： A control handle (10) for operating a machine, includes a largely vertical shaft (12) that can be grasped by a person's hand and a hand rest assembly (20) that supports a lower end of the hand opposite the thumb. The hand rest assembly is slidable along the shaft and includes a clamp that clamps against the shaft to fix the position of the hand rest assembly at substantially continuously variable positions along the shaft. The hand rest assembly has front and rear sections (26, 27) that are pivotally connected together, with the rear section being pivotable between a clamping position (27) wherein it draws the front section firmly against the front of the shaft to fix the hand rest position, and a release position (27A) wherein it allows the hand rest assembly to slide to a desired position. The shaft has recesses (36) on laterally opposite sides, that form vertically-extending fixing edges (41) that face largely rearwardly. The rear section forms a pair of clamping surface parts (34) that each clamps against one of the fixing edges as the rear section pivots to the clamp position.

摘要翻译： 用于操作机器的控制手柄（10）包括可以由人的手抓住的大体垂直的轴（12）和支撑与拇指相对的手的下端的扶手组件（20）。 所述扶手组件可沿所述轴滑动并且包括夹紧所述轴以将所述手持组件的位置固定在所述轴的基本连续可变位置处的夹具。 手扶组件具有枢转地连接在一起的前部和后部部分（26,27），后部部分可在夹紧位置（27）之间枢转，其中其将前部部分牢固地拉到轴的前部以固定手 休息位置和释放位置（27A），其中其允许护腿组件滑动到期望的位置。 轴在横向相对的两侧具有凹槽（36），其形成垂直延伸的大面向后面的固定边缘（41）。 后部形成一对夹紧表面部分，当后部枢转到夹紧位置时，每个夹紧表面部分都夹紧固定在其中一个固定边缘上。

公开(公告)号：US08398933B2

公开(公告)日：2013-03-19

申请号：US13356738

申请日：2012-01-24

申请人： Rainer Maurer

发明人： Rainer Maurer

IPC分类号： F27D1/12 ,  F27B14/10 ,  B08B3/00 ,  F26B19/00 ,  F16K49/00

CPC分类号： B01J19/26 ,  B01J4/001 ,  B01J4/002 ,  B01J2219/00119 ,  C01B21/28 ,  Y10S423/06 ,  Y10S423/08 ,  Y10T137/6525

摘要： By a method and a device for preventing corrosion on and in the region of a gas inlet nozzle during nitric acid condensation, contact of the condensing gas with the nozzle and with the surroundings of the nozzle are supposed to be minimized. This is achieved in that the gas inlet nozzle has a sleeve on the inside in the transition region to the interior of the condenser, by which sleeve a gas inlet orifice in the form of an annular gap is formed, whereby the annular space is provided with at least one feed opening for secondary air, so that an enveloping flow of secondary air is produced around the entering NO gas.

摘要翻译： 通过在硝酸浓缩期间防止气体入口喷嘴在其区域内的腐蚀的方法和装置，假设冷凝气体与喷嘴和喷嘴周围的接触最小化。 这是通过气体入口喷嘴在过渡区域内的冷凝器内部具有套筒的，其中形成环形间隙形式的气体入口孔，由此，环形空间设置有 用于二次空气的至少一个进料口，使得在进入的NO气体周围产生二次空气的包络流。