公开(公告)号：US08633483B2

公开(公告)日：2014-01-21

申请号：US12665495

申请日：2008-06-26

申请人： Emanuel M. Sachs ,  James G. Serdy ,  Eerik T. Hantsoo

发明人： Emanuel M. Sachs ,  James G. Serdy ,  Eerik T. Hantsoo

IPC分类号： H01L29/04

CPC分类号： C30B13/00 ,  C30B1/02 ,  C30B28/02 ,  C30B29/06 ,  H01L21/02532 ,  H01L21/02667 ,  H01L23/3171 ,  H01L29/04 ,  H01L2924/0002 ,  H01L2924/00

摘要： An original wafer, typically silicon, has the form of a desired end PV wafer. The original may be made by rapid solidification or CVD. It has small grains. It is encapsulated in a clean thin film, which contains and protects the silicon when recrystallized to create a larger grain structure. The capsule can be made by heating a wafer in the presence of oxygen, or steam, resulting in silicon dioxide on the outer surface, typically 1-2 microns. Further heating creates a molten zone in space, through which the wafer travels, resulting in recrystallization with a larger grain size. The capsule contains the molten material during recrystallization, and protects against impurities. Recrystallization may be in air. Thermal transfer through backing plates minimizes stresses and defects. After recrystallization, the capsule is removed.

摘要翻译： 原始晶片（通常为硅）具有期望的端部PV晶片的形式。 原件可以通过快速凝固或CVD制成。 它有小颗粒。 它被封装在干净的薄膜中，其在再结晶时含有并保护硅以产生更大的晶粒结构。 胶囊可以通过在氧气或蒸汽的存在下加热晶片来制造，从而在外表面上产生二氧化硅，通常为1-2微米。 进一步的加热在空间中产生熔融区，晶片经过该熔融区，导致晶粒尺寸更大的再结晶。 胶囊在再结晶期间含有熔融材料，防止杂质。 重结晶可能在空气中。 通过背板进行热转印可最大限度地减少应力和缺陷。 重结晶后，除去胶囊。

公开(公告)号：US20100295061A1

公开(公告)日：2010-11-25

申请号：US12665495

申请日：2008-06-26

申请人： Emanuel M. Sachs ,  James G. Serdy ,  Eerik T. Hantsoo

发明人： Emanuel M. Sachs ,  James G. Serdy ,  Eerik T. Hantsoo

IPC分类号： H01L29/12 ,  H01L21/02 ,  H01L29/24

CPC分类号： C30B13/00 ,  C30B1/02 ,  C30B28/02 ,  C30B29/06 ,  H01L21/02532 ,  H01L21/02667 ,  H01L23/3171 ,  H01L29/04 ,  H01L2924/0002 ,  H01L2924/00

摘要： An original wafer, typically silicon, has the form of a desired end PV wafer. The original may be made by rapid solidification or CVD. It has small grains. It is encapsulated in a clean thin film, which contains and protects the silicon when recrystallized to create a larger grain structure. The capsule can be made by heating a wafer in the presence of oxygen, or steam, resulting in silicon dioxide on the outer surface, typically 1-2 microns. Further heating creates a molten zone in space, through which the wafer travels, resulting in recrystallization with a larger grain size. The capsule contains the molten material during recrystallization, and protects against impurities. Recrystallization may be in air. Thermal transfer through backing plates minimizes stresses and defects. After recrystallization, the capsule is removed.

摘要翻译： 原始晶片（通常为硅）具有期望的端部PV晶片的形式。 原件可以通过快速凝固或CVD制成。 它有小颗粒。 它被封装在干净的薄膜中，其在再结晶时含有并保护硅以产生更大的晶粒结构。 胶囊可以通过在氧气或蒸汽的存在下加热晶片来制造，从而在外表面上产生二氧化硅，通常为1-2微米。 进一步的加热在空间中产生熔融区，晶片经过该熔融区，导致晶粒尺寸更大的再结晶。 胶囊在再结晶期间含有熔融材料，防止杂质。 重结晶可能在空气中。 通过背板进行热转印可最大限度地减少应力和缺陷。 重结晶后，除去胶囊。

公开(公告)号：US06596224B1

公开(公告)日：2003-07-22

申请号：US09445670

申请日：2000-03-01

申请人： Emanuel M. Sachs ,  Michael J. Cima ,  Michael A. Caradonna ,  Jason Grau ,  James G. Serdy ,  Patrick C. Saxton ,  Scott A. Uhland ,  Jooho Moon

发明人： Emanuel M. Sachs ,  Michael J. Cima ,  Michael A. Caradonna ,  Jason Grau ,  James G. Serdy ,  Patrick C. Saxton ,  Scott A. Uhland ,  Jooho Moon

IPC分类号： B22F702

CPC分类号： B29C41/36 ,  B22F3/008 ,  B22F2999/00 ,  B29C41/003 ,  B29C41/16 ,  B29C64/112 ,  B29C64/165 ,  B33Y10/00 ,  B33Y30/00 ,  B22F3/22

摘要： A powder bed (32) is built up by repeated deposition of a slurry that contains powder. Layers are made by depositing a liquid dispersion of the desired powdered material, which then slip-casts into the forming powder bed to make a new layer (34). The slurry may be deposited in any suitable manner, such as by raster or vector scanning, or by a plurality of simultaneous jets that coalesce before the liquid slip-casts into the bed, or by individual drops, the deposits of which are individually controlled, thereby generating a regular surface for each layer.

摘要翻译： 通过重复沉积含有粉末的浆料来形成粉末床（32）。 通过沉积所需粉末材料的液体分散体来制备层，然后将其分散到成形粉末床中以形成新的层（34）。 浆料可以以任何合适的方式沉积，例如通过光栅或向量扫描，或者通过多个同时喷射在液体滑入床之前聚结，或通过单独的液滴沉积，沉积物被单独控制， 从而为每个层产生规则的表面。

公开(公告)号：US07815826B2

公开(公告)日：2010-10-19

申请号：US11579783

申请日：2005-05-12

申请人： James G. Serdy ,  Emanuel M. Sachs

发明人： James G. Serdy ,  Emanuel M. Sachs

IPC分类号： B29C67/20

CPC分类号： A61L27/56 ,  A61F2/28 ,  A61F2002/30062 ,  A61F2002/30224 ,  A61F2002/30225 ,  A61F2002/30785 ,  A61F2002/30985 ,  A61F2210/0004 ,  A61F2230/0069 ,  A61F2310/00293 ,  A61F2310/00353 ,  A61L27/54 ,  A61L2300/412 ,  A61L2300/434 ,  A61L2300/602 ,  B33Y10/00 ,  B33Y70/00 ,  B33Y80/00 ,  Y10T428/15 ,  Y10T428/24273 ,  Y10T428/31504

摘要： Methods of manufacturing an article use three-dimensional printing for a portion of the manufacturing. Three-dimensionally printing is conducted onto a powder bed which contains both organic-solvent-soluble, water-insoluble particles and water soluble, organic-solvent-insoluble particles. The water-soluble particles which may be selected for properties such as size and may include more than one substance. The organic-solvent-insoluble particles may further include at least one substantially insoluble substance such as a member of the calcium phosphate family. Printing may be done using an aqueous binder liquid. After removal of unbound powder, the preform may be exposed to the vapor of an organic solvent which causes the particles of organic-soluble-polymer to fuse to each other. This may further be followed by dissolving out the water-soluble particles, if such particles were present in the powder. Solvent vapor fusing together with the use of porogen particles may also be used in manufacturing methods other than 3DP. Rather than using organic solvent, heat responsive particles can be used, and can be filmed by elevated temperatures. Articles that may be produced by the described methods exhibit features such as a high porosity and an ability to undergo large deformations without breaking, and by at least partial springback from such deformation. The springback may be substantially instantaneous or may be time-dependent involving a time period of at least several seconds.

摘要翻译： 制造制品的方法在制造的一部分中使用三维印刷。 将三维打印进行到含有有机溶剂可溶性，水不溶性颗粒和水溶性有机溶剂不溶性颗粒的粉末床上。 可以选择尺寸等性质的水溶性颗粒，并且可以包括多于一种物质。 有机溶剂不溶性颗粒可以进一步包括至少一种基本上不溶的物质，例如磷酸钙族的成员。 可以使用水性粘合剂液体进行印刷。 在去除未结合的粉末之后，预制件可能暴露于有机溶剂的蒸气中，这导致有机可溶聚合物颗粒彼此熔合。 如果这种颗粒存在于粉末中，则可以进一步溶解水溶性颗粒。 与使用致孔剂颗粒一起使用的溶剂蒸汽熔融也可用于3DP以外的制造方法。 不使用有机溶剂，可以使用热响应颗粒，并且可以通过升高的温度进行成膜。 可以通过所述方法产生的制品表现出诸如高孔隙率和经受大变形而不断裂的能力以及至少部分回弹的特征。 回弹可以基本上是瞬时的，或者可以是时间依赖性的，涉及至少几秒的时间段。

公开(公告)号：US07077334B2

公开(公告)日：2006-07-18

申请号：US10411356

申请日：2003-04-10

申请人： Emanuel M. Sachs ,  Blake W. Gleason ,  James G. Serdy

发明人： Emanuel M. Sachs ,  Blake W. Gleason ,  James G. Serdy

IPC分类号： B05B17/04 ,  A62C31/02

CPC分类号： B41J2/1429 ,  B33Y10/00 ,  B33Y30/00 ,  B41J2002/14475

摘要： A drop on demand printer has a nozzle with an orifice and a surrounding annular land. Surrounding the land is an edge, which is surrounded by a perimetrical surface that is inclined to the land at an angle α. A pressure controller maintains a positive overpressure on liquid to be printed such that a cap of liquid is substantially always present covering the orifice and the land. The edge between the land and the perimetrical surface prevents liquid from overflowing, and maintains the cap, if the pressure is maintained between lower and upper limits disclosed. The liquid to be printed preferably wets the orifice land, which may be alumina, glass, ceramic, and others. Liquids with very small, even zero, wetting angles relative to the land may be used, such as water and organic solvents, including, isopropyl and ethyl alcohol and chloroform. The liquid can be loaded with dissolved polymers, or particles, such as of polymer or ceramic. Very small drops can be printed, by using an orifice of about 40 microns effective diameter, with a land of about 90 microns effective diameter. The printer can be used for any drop dispensing application, such as ink jet, Three Dimensional printing, and also for depositing small amounts of pharmaceutical materials into a receptacle, or drug delivery vehicle. A means for establishing a temperature differential, with a higher upstream and lower downstream temperature, eliminates any gas bubbles at the orifice.

摘要翻译： 按需打印机具有具有孔口和周围环形区域的喷嘴。 周围的土地是一个边缘，被一个以α角度倾向于陆地的周边表面所包围。 压力控制器对待印刷的液体保持正的超压，使得液体盖基本上始终存在覆盖孔口和焊盘。 如果在公开的下限和上限之间保持压力，则陆地和周边表面之间的边缘防止液体溢出，并保持盖。 待印刷的液体优选地润湿孔板，其可以是氧化铝，玻璃，陶瓷等。 可以使用相对于陆地具有非常小甚至零润湿角度的液体，例如水和有机溶剂，包括异丙醇和乙醇和氯仿。 液体可以装载溶解的聚合物或颗粒，例如聚合物或陶瓷。 通过使用约40微米有效直径的孔，可以印刷非常小的液滴，有效直径约为90微米。 打印机可用于任何滴剂分配应用，例如喷墨，三维印刷，以及用于将少量药物材料沉积到容器或药物递送载体中。 用于建立具有较高上游和下游温度的温差的装置消除了孔口处的任何气泡。

公开(公告)号：US20110076762A1

公开(公告)日：2011-03-31

申请号：US12899033

申请日：2010-10-06

申请人： James G. Serdy ,  Emanuel M. Sachs

发明人： James G. Serdy ,  Emanuel M. Sachs

IPC分类号： C12N5/071 ,  B32B3/26 ,  B32B3/10

CPC分类号： A61L27/56 ,  A61F2/28 ,  A61F2002/30062 ,  A61F2002/30224 ,  A61F2002/30225 ,  A61F2002/30785 ,  A61F2002/30985 ,  A61F2210/0004 ,  A61F2230/0069 ,  A61F2310/00293 ,  A61F2310/00353 ,  A61L27/54 ,  A61L2300/412 ,  A61L2300/434 ,  A61L2300/602 ,  B33Y10/00 ,  B33Y70/00 ,  B33Y80/00 ,  Y10T428/15 ,  Y10T428/24273 ,  Y10T428/31504

摘要： Methods of manufacturing an article use three-dimensional printing for a portion of the manufacturing. Three-dimensionally printing is conducted onto a powder bed which contains both organic-solvent-soluble, water-insoluble particles and water soluble, organic-solvent-insoluble particles. The water-soluble particles which may be selected for properties such as size and may include more than one substance. The organic-solvent-insoluble particles may further include at least one substantially insoluble substance such as a member of the calcium phosphate family. Printing may be done using an aqueous binder liquid. After removal of unbound powder, the preform may be exposed to the vapor of an organic solvent which causes the particles of organic-soluble-polymer to fuse to each other. This may further be followed by dissolving out the water-soluble particles, if such particles were present in the powder. Solvent vapor fusing together with the use of porogen particles may also be used in manufacturing methods other than 3DP. Rather than using organic solvent, heat responsive particles can be used, and can be filmed by elevated temperatures. Articles that may be produced by the described methods exhibit features such as a high porosity and an ability to undergo large deformations without breaking, and by at least partial springback from such deformation. The springback may be substantially instantaneous or may be time-dependent involving a time period of at least several seconds.

摘要翻译： 制造制品的方法在制造的一部分中使用三维印刷。 将三维打印进行到含有有机溶剂可溶性，水不溶性颗粒和水溶性有机溶剂不溶性颗粒的粉末床上。 可以选择尺寸等性质的水溶性颗粒，并且可以包括多于一种物质。 有机溶剂不溶性颗粒可以进一步包括至少一种基本上不溶的物质，例如磷酸钙族的成员。 可以使用水性粘合剂液体进行印刷。 在去除未结合的粉末之后，预制件可能暴露于有机溶剂的蒸气中，这导致有机可溶聚合物颗粒彼此熔合。 如果这种颗粒存在于粉末中，则可以进一步溶解水溶性颗粒。 与使用致孔剂颗粒一起使用的溶剂蒸汽熔融也可用于3DP以外的制造方法。 不使用有机溶剂，可以使用热响应颗粒，并且可以通过升高的温度进行成膜。 可以通过所述方法产生的制品表现出诸如高孔隙率和经受大变形而不断裂的能力以及至少部分回弹的特征。 回弹可以基本上是瞬时的，或者可以是时间依赖性的，涉及至少几秒的时间段。

公开(公告)号：US6070973A

公开(公告)日：2000-06-06

申请号：US856515

申请日：1997-05-15

申请人： Emanuel Sachs ,  James G. Serdy

发明人： Emanuel Sachs ,  James G. Serdy

IPC分类号： B41J2/02 ,  B41J2/025

CPC分类号： B41J2/025 ,  B41J2002/022

摘要： A droplet generator and ink jet printhead assembly employing the droplet generator are disclosed. The droplet generator can operate with a wide range of fluids over a wide range of conditions, is easily serviced, and can be easily integrated into a machine such as a Three Dimensional Printing machine. The assembly includes a nozzle having an orifice, a liquid reservoir or supply for containing a liquid to be emitted from the nozzle and a non-resonant elastically deformable fluid conduit for conveying the liquid from the liquid reservoir to the nozzle. A transducer is disposed in abutting relation with the fluid conduit a predetermined distance from the nozzle. The transducer is energized by a suitable electrical signal, such as a sinusoidal signal. The transducer causes compression of the conduit and provides a wave which propagates along the fluid conduit and fluid contained therein toward the nozzle and orifice. This wave acts to perturb the stream formed at the orifice and to initiate the break-up of the stream into droplets. The utilization of an elastically deformable non-resonant conduit between the transducer and the nozzle mechanically decouples the nozzle from the remainder of the printhead assembly and provides filtering of undesired frequencies which might otherwise be imparted to the fluid and the nozzle.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种使用液滴发生器的液滴发生器和喷墨打印头组件。 液滴发生器可以在宽范围的条件下操作各种流体，易于维护，并且可以容易地集成到诸如三维印刷机之类的机器中。 组件包括具有孔口，液体储存器或用于容纳从喷嘴喷射的液体的供应器的喷嘴和用于将液体从液体储存器输送到喷嘴的非共振可弹性变形的流体导管。 传感器以与喷嘴相距预定距离的流体导管的邻接关系设置。 传感器由合适的电信号（例如正弦信号）激励。 传感器导致管道的压缩并且提供沿着流体导管传播的波浪和其中容纳的流体朝向喷嘴和孔口。 该波作用于扰乱在孔口处形成的流并且引发物流分解成液滴。 在换能器和喷嘴之间利用可弹性变形的非谐振导管将喷嘴与打印头组件的其余部分机械地分离，并提供过滤不必要的频率，否则可能会赋予流体和喷嘴。