公开(公告)号：US20100149073A1

公开(公告)日：2010-06-17

申请号：US12579356

申请日：2009-10-14

申请人： David Chaum ,  Thomas W. Mossberg ,  John R. Rogers

发明人： David Chaum ,  Thomas W. Mossberg ,  John R. Rogers

IPC分类号： G09G5/00

CPC分类号： G02B27/0172 ,  G02B27/0075 ,  G02B27/0093 ,  G02B27/017 ,  G02B2027/0178 ,  G09G3/02 ,  G09G3/2003

摘要： A near-to-eye display system for forming an image as an illuminated region on a retina of at least one eye of a user is disclosed. The system includes a source of modulated light, a proximal optic positionable adjacent an eye of the user to receive the modulated light. The proximal optic has a plurality of groups of optically redirecting regions. The optically redirecting regions are configured to direct a plurality of beams of the modulated light into a pupil of the eye to form a contiguous illuminated portion of the retina of the eye. A first group of the optically redirecting regions is configured to receive modulated light from the source and redirect beams of the modulated light into the pupil of the eye for illumination of a first portion of the retina. A second group of the optically redirecting regions is configured to receive modulated light from the source and redirect beams of the modulated light into the pupil of the eye for illumination of a second portion of the retina.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于在用户的至少一只眼睛的视网膜上形成作为照明区域的图像的近距离显示系统。 该系统包括调制光源，邻近用户的眼睛定位以接收调制光的近侧光学器件。 近端光学器件具有多组光学重定向区域。 光学重定向区域被配置为将调制光的多个光束引导到眼睛的瞳孔中以形成眼睛的视网膜的连续照射部分。 光学重定向区域的第一组被配置为从源极接收调制光并将调制光的光束重定向到眼睛的瞳孔中，以照射视网膜的第一部分。 光学重定向区域的第二组被配置为从源极接收调制的光并将调制的光的光束重定向到眼睛的瞳孔中，以照射视网膜的第二部分。

公开(公告)号：US07516891B2

公开(公告)日：2009-04-14

申请号：US11519709

申请日：2006-09-11

申请人： David Chaum

发明人： David Chaum

IPC分类号： G06K17/00

CPC分类号： G07C13/00

摘要： Disclosed are voting systems based on paper ballots that provide integrity of the election outcome through the novel use of encrypted votes and other techniques. In some example embodiments, holes through layers allow voters to see and mark symbols on lower layers, carbonless coatings allow voters to obtain substantially identical marks on facing surfaces, self-adhesive stickers are removed from one position and placed by voters hiding vote-revealing indicia on a second position, and scratch-off layers bearing vote-revealing indicia are destroyed while being removed to expose coded information. Simplified cryptography for realizing these systems is also presented. Related systems allow those with various disabilities to develop and check voted ballot forms that are substantially indistinguishable from those voted by other voters. Inclusion of write-in votes is provided for. Also provided are inclusion of provisional ballots and spoilt ballots and integration with registration sign-in.

摘要翻译： 披露了基于纸张投票的投票系统，通过新颖使用加密投票和其他技术来提供选举结果的完整性。 在一些示例性实施例中，通过层的孔允许选民在下层上看到并标记符号，无碳涂层允许选民在面对表面上获得基本上相同的标记，自粘贴片从一个位置移除并由投票者隐藏投票显示标记 在第二个位置，带有投票显示标记的刮刮层在被去除时被破坏以暴露编码信息。 还介绍了用于实现这些系统的简化加密。 相关制度允许各种残疾人制定和核查与其他选民投票的投票人数基本上无法区分的投票表决。 提供了包含写入票。 还提供了临时选票和被宠坏的选票以及注册登记的一体化。

公开(公告)号：US6035380A

公开(公告)日：2000-03-07

申请号：US875936

申请日：1998-02-19

申请人： Christopher D. Shelton ,  Martin S. Kelly ,  William E. Orme ,  Marius P. M. Schilder ,  Niels T. Ferguson ,  David Chaum ,  Wolfgang Mayerwieser ,  Reinhard Posch ,  Volker Schindler

发明人： Christopher D. Shelton ,  Martin S. Kelly ,  William E. Orme ,  Marius P. M. Schilder ,  Niels T. Ferguson ,  David Chaum ,  Wolfgang Mayerwieser ,  Reinhard Posch ,  Volker Schindler

IPC分类号： G06K19/073 ,  G07F7/08 ,  G07F7/10 ,  G06F9/44 ,  G06F9/455

CPC分类号： G07F7/1008 ,  G06K19/073 ,  G06Q20/341 ,  G06Q20/3576

摘要： A single chip processor for use in a smart card has a plurality of instruction memory areas and a processor. Different instructions sets are selectively executable in response to a signal defining a memory area from which instructions are supplied. Preferably instruction and data memory areas are addressable as pages, wherein a page address cannot be directly accessed by a subset of instructions. The processor may include a central processing unit and a cryptographic logic unit which operate at different times and share common instruction memory and sequencing logic. Instructions are supplied to said cryptographic logic unit at an integer multiple of the rate at which they are supplied to said central processing unit.

摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / GB96 / 00295 Sec。 371日期1998年2月19日 102（e）1998年2月19日PCT PCT 1996年2月12日PCT公布。 公开号WO96 / 25720 PCT 日期1996年8月22日用于智能卡的单芯片处理器具有多个指令存储器区域和处理器。 响应于限定从其提供指令的存储区域的信号，不同的指令集可选择性地执行。 优选地，指令和数据存储器区域可寻址为页面，其中页面地址不能被指令的子集直接访问。 处理器可以包括在不同时间操作并共享公共指令存储器和排序逻辑的中央处理单元和密码逻辑单元。 指令以提供给所述中央处理单元的速率的整数倍提供给所述加密逻辑单元。

公开(公告)号：US5434919A

公开(公告)日：1995-07-18

申请号：US179962

申请日：1994-01-11

申请人： David Chaum

发明人： David Chaum

IPC分类号： H04L9/32 ,  G06F19/00 ,  G06Q20/34 ,  G06Q20/36 ,  G06Q20/38 ,  G06Q20/40 ,  G07F7/10 ,  G09C1/00 ,  H04L9/30

CPC分类号： G07F7/1008 ,  G06Q20/341 ,  G06Q20/367 ,  G06Q20/3674 ,  G06Q20/382 ,  G06Q20/401 ,  G06Q20/40975 ,  H04L9/3257 ,  H04L2209/30 ,  H04L2209/38 ,  H04L2209/56

摘要： Cryptographic methods and apparatus for issuing (101), endorsing (102), and verifying (103, 104) compact endorsement signatures are disclosed. Such signatures allow an endorser to provide a public-key verifiable signature on a chosen message more efficiently than if the endorser were to make a public key signature, since the endorser needs only to perform conventional cryptographic operations and has to store less data per signature than required by previously known endorsement schemes.A hierarchy of compression functions takes a plurality of one-time signatures into the value upon which the public key signature is formed. Each endorsement uses up one of the one-time signatures and provides a subset of inputs to the compression hierarchy sufficient to allow its evaluation. Preparation for subsequent endorsements is made by pre-evaluating one-time signatures and saving only some of the intermediate values of the compression hierarchy.

摘要翻译： 公开了发行（101），认可（102）和验证（103,104）紧密认可签名的加密方法和装置。 这样的签名允许代理人比所签署者进行公钥签名更有效地提供所选择的消息上的公开密钥可验证的签名，因为代理人仅需要执行常规的密码操作，并且必须将每个签名的数据少于 以前已知的背书计划要求。 压缩函数的层次将多个一次性签名转换成形成公钥签名的值。 每个代言使用一次性签名，并提供足够允许其评估的压缩层级的输入子集。 通过预先评估一次性签名并仅保存压缩层级的一些中间值来进行后续签注的准备。

公开(公告)号：US5373558A

公开(公告)日：1994-12-13

申请号：US66669

申请日：1993-05-25

申请人： David Chaum

发明人： David Chaum

IPC分类号： G07F7/10 ,  G09C5/00 ,  H04L9/32 ,  H01L9/32

CPC分类号： H04L9/3247 ,  G07F7/1016

摘要： Cryptographic methods and apparatus for signing (101), receiving (102), verifying (103), and confirming (104) designated-confirmer signatures are disclosed. Such a signature (11) convinces the receiver that the confirmer can convince others that the signer issued the signature. Thus, more protection is provided to the recipient of a signature than with prior art zero-knowledge or undeniable signature techniques, and more protection is provided to the signer than with prior art self-authenticating signatures.A designated confirmer signature is formed in a setting where the signer creates and issues a public key (201) and the confirmer also creates and issues a public key (202). Should the confirmer offer a confirmation (13), the verifier is convinced that the signature was issued by the signer. Such confirmation can itself be, for example, self-authenticating, unconvincing to other parties, or designated confirmer. With plural confirmers, various combinations may be realized, some even including confirmer anonymity.

摘要翻译： 公开了用于签名（101），接收（102），验证（103）和确认（104）指定确认者签名的加密方法和装置。 这样的签名（11）使得接收者信服证人可以说服他人签名人签发。 因此，与现有技术的零知识或不可否认的签名技术相比，向签名的接收者提供了更多的保护，并且与现有技术的自我认证签名相比，向签署者提供了更多的保护。 在签名者创建和发布公钥（201）的设置中形成指定的确认者签名，并且确认者还创建并发布公钥（202）。 如果确认人提供确认（13），验证人员相信签名是由签字人签发的。 这种确认本身可以是，例如，自我认证，对其他各方不信任，或指定的确认人。 利用多个确认器，可以实现各种组合，一些甚至包括确认者的匿名性。

公开(公告)号：US4949380A

公开(公告)日：1990-08-14

申请号：US260053

申请日：1988-10-20

申请人： David Chaum

发明人： David Chaum

IPC分类号： G06Q20/06 ,  G06Q20/22 ,  G07F7/10 ,  H04L9/32

CPC分类号： G06Q20/06 ,  G06Q20/29 ,  G07F7/1016 ,  H04L9/302 ,  H04L9/3257 ,  H04L2209/56

摘要： A payer party obtains from a signer party by a blind signature system a first public key digital signature having a first value in a withdrawal transaction; the payer reduces the value of the first signature obtained from the first value to a second value and provides this reduced-value form of the signature to the signer in a payment transaction; the signer returns a second digital signature to the payer by a blind signature system in online consummation of the payment transaction; the paper derives from the first and the second signature a third signature having a value increased corresponding to the magnitude of the difference between the first and the second values. Furthermore, the following additional features are provided: payments are unlinkable to withdrawals; a shop between the payer and signer can be kept from obtaining more value than desired by the payer; the first value need not be revealed to the signer or intermediary in the payment transaction; the returned difference can be accumulated across multiple payment transactions; and the returned difference can be divided between a plurality of payment transactions.

摘要翻译： 付款方通过盲签名系统从登录方获得在提款交易中具有第一值的第一公钥数字签名; 付款人将从第一值获得的第一签名的价值降低到第二值，并在支付交易中向签署者提供该签名的减值形式; 签名者在网上完成支付交易时由盲签名系统向付款人返回第二数字签名; 该纸从第一和第二签名得出具有对应于第一和第二值之间的差的大小增加的值的第三签名。 此外，还提供了以下附加功能：付款与取款无关; 付款人和签字人之间的商店可以免于获得比付款人所期望的更多的价值; 第一个价值不需要在支付交易中向签字人或中间人透露; 返回的差额可以跨多个付款交易累积; 并且返回的差异可以在多个支付交易之间分配。

公开(公告)号：US08162215B2

公开(公告)日：2012-04-24

申请号：US12219034

申请日：2008-07-15

申请人： David Chaum

发明人： David Chaum

IPC分类号： G06K17/00 ,  G07C13/00

CPC分类号： G07C13/00 ,  G06Q50/26

摘要： A paper-ballot voting system is disclosed in which voters can retain symbols printed adjacent to the particular candidates or ballot question positions that they mark. Including ballot serial numbers on the forms allows voters to check online the symbols recorded for their ballots while maintaining ballot secrecy. In case of dispute, a physical resolution procedure lets voters establish whether the recorded symbols are correct with respect to the actual physical ballots. Some examples allow forms to be obtained online and voted by physical or facsimile delivery. Voters who cannot read ballots or cannot mark ballots can nevertheless vote while maintaining ballot secrecy. The overall integrity of the outcome is provided transparently.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种投票表决制度，其中选民可以保留与特定候选人相邻印刷的符号或投票他们标记的问题立场。 在表格上包括投票序列号，允许选民在线维护记录在其投票中的符号，同时保持投票保密。 如果有争议，物理解决程序可让选民确定所记录的符号是否相对于实际的实际投票是正确的。 一些例子允许在线获得表单，并通过实体或传真交付表决。 不能选票或不能选票的投票人可以在保留投票保密的情况下投票。 结果的整体完整性是透明的。

公开(公告)号：US08123114B2

公开(公告)日：2012-02-28

申请号：US12385633

申请日：2009-04-14

申请人： David Chaum

发明人： David Chaum

IPC分类号： G06F11/00 ,  G07C13/00

CPC分类号： B42D15/00 ,  G07C13/00

摘要： An improved paper ballot voting system allows voters to verify that their ballots are correctly counted and provide substantiating evidence if they are not. Codes are revealed to voters by the act of marking the ballot during voting and voters can check that these codes are posted. If these codes are not posted as marked, voters can make the codes they obtained public. These codes made public by voters can be compared against codes that were cryptographically committed to in advance of the election. If the codes from voters do in fact match codes committed to, evidence of incorrectness of the vote tallying is provided.

摘要翻译： 改进的纸质投票系统允许选民验证他们的选票是否被正确计数，并提供证据证明，如果不是。 通过在投票期间标记投票的行为向选民透露了守则，选民可以检查这些守则是否张贴。 如果这些代码没有贴上标签，那么选民可以将其代码公开。 这些由选民公布的守则可以与在选举之前加密承诺的守则进行比较。 如果选民的守则实际上符合承诺的守则，则提供投票不正确的证据。

公开(公告)号：US20070095909A1

公开(公告)日：2007-05-03

申请号：US11519709

申请日：2006-09-11

申请人： David Chaum

发明人： David Chaum

IPC分类号： G07C13/00

CPC分类号： G07C13/00

摘要： Disclosed are voting systems based on paper ballots that provide integrity of the election outcome through the novel use of encrypted votes and other techniques. In some example embodiments, holes through layers allow voters to see and mark symbols on lower layers, carbonless coatings allow voters to obtain substantially identical marks on facing surfaces, self-adhesive stickers are removed from one position and placed by voters hiding vote-revealing indicia on a second position, and scratch-off layers bearing vote-revealing indicia are destroyed while being removed to expose coded information. Simplified cryptography for realizing these systems is also presented. Related systems allow those with various disabilities to develop and check voted ballot forms that are substantially indistinguishable from those voted by other voters. Inclusion of write-in votes is provided for. Also provided are inclusion of provisional ballots and spoilt ballots and integration with registration sign-in.

摘要翻译： 披露了基于纸张投票的投票系统，通过新颖使用加密投票和其他技术来提供选举结果的完整性。 在一些示例性实施例中，通过层的孔允许选民在下层上看到并标记符号，无碳涂层允许选民在面对表面上获得基本上相同的标记，自粘贴片从一个位置移除并由投票者隐藏投票显示标记 在第二个位置，带有投票显示标记的刮刮层在被去除时被破坏以暴露编码信息。 还介绍了用于实现这些系统的简化加密。 相关制度允许各种残疾人制定和核查与其他选民投票的投票人数基本上无法区分的投票表决。 提供了包含写入票。 还提供了临时选票和被宠坏的选票以及注册登记的一体化。

公开(公告)号：US20060191419A1

公开(公告)日：2006-08-31

申请号：US11364679

申请日：2006-02-28

申请人： Edward Spoljaric ,  David Chaum

发明人： Edward Spoljaric ,  David Chaum

IPC分类号： C12C11/00

CPC分类号： C12H1/22 ,  B65D51/24 ,  C12G3/07

摘要： In one example embodiment, an article of manufacture includes a wooden element such as a dowel, preferably formed from toasted oak, that is attached to the inside of a screw-type wine vessel closure. In a second example embodiment, the wooden element is attached to a stopper. In yet other embodiments, elements are attached to the inside of a wine bottle or are prevented from leaving the bottle during pouring by deformable shape. In a wine making method, the wine is not aged in oak barrels but rather filled in bottles and sealed with the oak insert and aged in the bottles, including optional agitation, to accomplish substantially the functions of the barrel oak aging.

摘要翻译： 在一个示例性实施例中，制品包括木质元件，例如榫钉，其优选地由烘烤橡木形成，其连接到螺旋式葡萄酒容器盖的内部。 在第二示例性实施例中，木质元件附接到止动器。 在其它实施例中，元件附接到葡萄酒瓶的内部，或者通过可变形的形状防止在浇注过程中离开瓶子。 在酿酒方法中，葡萄酒不会在橡木桶中陈化，而是装满瓶子，并用橡木镶嵌物密封并在瓶子中老化，包括可选的搅拌，以实现桶橡木老化的基本功能。