Abstract:
Two, high frequency, broadband hybrid couplers are disclosed. The first comprises three identical coils wound on a common magnetic core. The second comprises two identical 1:1 turns ratio transformers. A coupler is realized by the particular manner in which the windings are connected.
Abstract:
This application discloses a distribution network for coupling between a common signal source and a plurality of output loads. One embodiment of such a network comprises a plurality of n transistors and an equal plurality of two-winding transformers. The transistors are connected in the common base configuration with the collector of each of the first n-1 transistors being connected to the emitter of the next adjacent transistor through the primary winding of a different transformer. The collector of the nth transistor is connected to signal ground through the primary winding of the nth transformer. In accordance with one application of the invention, each secondary winding of the respective transformers is connected to a different output load. In accordance with another aspect of the invention, means are provided for constructively recombining the various output signals from the respective transformers in a common output load. Means are also disclosed for providing an impedance match at both the input and output ports of the network.
Abstract:
This application describes an active resistor which presents a high resistance, Delta E/ Delta I, to alternating current signals while presenting a much lower resistance, E/I, to direct current. The resistor is a two-terminal device including a transistor whose emitter is connected to one terminal and whose collector is connected to the other terminal. A parallel conductive path, to which the transistor base is connected, includes means for maintaining a controlled emitter-base bias. The device is specifically intended for use in IMPATT diode bias circuits.
Abstract:
The power from a signal source used to drive an amplifier is usually dissipated in a matching impedance. In accordance with the present disclosure, this input power is conserved and added to the amplifier output power, thereby enhancing the power gain of the amplifier. This technique is particularly advantageous when used with devices having low intrinsic gain.
Abstract:
The band-limiting effects of parasitics are minimized in a twostage amplifier wherein the active elements are operated in the common collector and the common base configurations. A pair of impedances Z1 and Z2 connect the emitter of one of the transistors to the emitter and the collector, respectively, of the other transistor. The collector of the latter transistor serves as the amplifier output terminal. Operating into a high impedance output load, the gain of the amplifier is given by (Z2/Z1 + 1).
Abstract:
This application describes a class of amplifiers comprising two active stages having mutually inverse input impedances coupled to a common source by means of an impedance-matching input circuit, and to a common output load by means of an output circuit. In previously described amplifiers, of a related class, the required signal balance at the output of the active stages was produced by the output coupling circuit. In the amplifiers described herein, this signal balance is obtained by means associated with one or the other of the active stages. By relieving the output circuit of this function, a greater variety of output circuits is possible.
Abstract:
A high return loss is maintained over the passband of a broadband transformer by reducing parasitic interwinding capacitance. This is accomplished by locating the windings along physically separated regions of a common magnetic core. To compensate for any loss of magnetic coupling at the higher frequencies due to a decrease in core permeability, equal portions of the physically separated windings are connected in parallel.