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公开(公告)号：US08549889B2
公开(公告)日：2013-10-08
申请号：US12942964
申请日：2010-11-09
申请人： Arianna T. Morales
发明人： Arianna T. Morales
IPC分类号： B21D37/16 , C10M169/00
摘要： A metal forming process involves applying a lubricant, formed from a vitreous enamel mixed with particles of boron nitride, to at least one surface of a sheet metal blank, and without pre-heating the sheet metal blank, placing the sheet metal blank having the lubricant applied to the surface(s) thereof into a pre-heated forming tool so that the at least one surface contacts a surface of the forming tool. The method further involves, via the pre-heated forming tool, forming the sheet metal blank into a desired part shape, and during such forming, forming a lubricant layer on the surface(s) as the lubricant is heated from the pre-heated forming tool, the lubricant layer adhering to the surface(s) of the sheet metal blank.
摘要翻译： 金属成形方法包括将由与氮化硼颗粒混合的玻璃质搪瓷形成的润滑剂施加到金属板坯料的至少一个表面上，并且不预先加热金属板坯料，将具有润滑剂的金属板坯料 将其表面施加到预加热成形工具中，使得至少一个表面接触成形工具的表面。 该方法还包括通过预热成形工具将金属板坯料形成所需的部件形状，并且在这种成型期间，当润滑剂从预加热成型加热时，在表面上形成润滑剂层 工具，润滑剂层附着在金属板坯的表面上。
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2.发明授权Low-cost manganese-stabilized austenitic stainless steel alloys, bipolar plates comprising the alloys, and fuel cell systems comprising the bipolar plates 有权低成本锰稳定的奥氏体不锈钢合金，包括合金的双极板以及包括双极板的燃料电池系统公开(公告)号：US08182963B2
公开(公告)日：2012-05-22
申请号：US12500886
申请日：2009-07-10
CPC分类号： H01M8/0206 , H01M8/0208 , H01M8/021 , H01M8/0228 , H01M8/1007
摘要： Corrosion resistant, manganese-stabilized austenitic stainless steels with a low nickel content are used in bipolar plates, methods for fabricating the bipolar plates, and polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells comprising the bipolar plates. The bipolar plates are formed from high-manganese austenitic stainless steels comprising, in weight percents, 4.0 to 35 manganese, 0.5 to 1.5 nickel, 17 to 20 chromium, 0.2 to 0.5 nitrogen, up to 0.075 carbon, 0.5 to 1.0 silicon, up to 0.1 aluminum, 0 to 0.005 sulfur, and balance iron and incidental impurities. The steels exhibit suitable corrosion resistance, electrical contact resistance, and mechanical properties for high-corrosion applications such as use in bipolar plate materials for PEM fuel cells. The bipolar plates may comprise a solid plate of the steel, optionally coated with a highly electrically conductive material. Alternatively, the bipolar plates may comprise an economical substrate coated with the steel, optionally further coated with a highly electrically conductive material.
摘要翻译： 具有低镍含量的耐腐蚀，锰稳定的奥氏体不锈钢用于双极板，制造双极板的方法和包含双极板的聚合物电解质膜（PEM）燃料电池。 双极板由高锰奥氏体不锈钢形成，重量百分数为4.0至35锰，0.5至1.5镍，17至20铬，0.2至0.5氮，至多0.075碳，0.5至1.0硅，直至 0.1铝，0至0.005硫，余量为铁和杂质。 对于高腐蚀应用，例如用于PEM燃料电池的双极板材料中，钢具有合适的耐腐蚀性，电接触电阻和机械性能。 双极板可以包括钢的固体板，任选地涂覆有高度导电的材料。 或者，双极板可以包括涂覆有钢的经济的基材，任选地进一步涂覆有高度导电的材料。
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3.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06655181B2
公开(公告)日：2003-12-02
申请号：US09976609
申请日：2001-10-15
申请人： Arianna T. Morales
发明人： Arianna T. Morales
IPC分类号： B21B4502
CPC分类号： B21D26/055
摘要： A coating for superplastic forming (SPF) and quick plastic forming (QPF) tooling and an SPF/QPF process made possible with the coating. The coating defines the forming surface of an SPF/QPF tool, and consists essentially of either a tungsten carbide cermet or a chromium carbide cermet. The coating preferably comprises a metal matrix containing tungsten carbide or chromium carbide particles having a particle size of not more than 0.1 micrometer, and is preferably prepared to have a surface finish of not rougher than 0.3 micrometer Ra. An SPF/QPF process that makes use of a tool whose forming surface is provided with the coating can be performed without depositing any lubricant on the forming surface or workpiece.
摘要翻译： 用于超塑性成型（SPF）和快速塑性成型（QPF）工具的涂层以及使涂层成为可能的SPF / QPF工艺。 涂层限定了SPF / QPF工具的成型表面，并且基本上由碳化钨金属陶瓷或碳化铬金属陶瓷组成。 涂层优选包含含有碳化钨或碳化铬颗粒的金属基体，其粒径不大于0.1微米，并且优选地具有比0.3微米Ra更粗糙的表面光洁度。 可以在成形表面设置有涂层的工具中进行SPF / QPF工艺，而不会在成形表面或工件上沉积任何润滑剂。
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4.发明授权公开(公告)号：US08906579B2
公开(公告)日：2014-12-09
申请号：US12465963
申请日：2009-05-14
CPC分类号： H01M8/0208 , H01M8/021 , H01M8/0228 , H01M8/0258 , H01M8/0263 , H01M8/0267 , H01M8/2483 , H01M2008/1095 , Y02E60/50
摘要： A bipolar plate to reduce electrical contact resistance between the plate and a diffusion layer used in a fuel cell. The opposing surfaces of the plate define flow channels with upstanding lands interspersed between them. The lands of the plate form an electrically-conductive contact with a diffusion layer in the fuel cell. At least a portion of the electrically-conductive contact is made up of a nickel-based alloy that reduces the contact resistance between the plate and the diffusion layer as a way to achieve improved electric current density. In one form, the alloy can be used as the primary material in the plate, while in another, it can be used as a coating deposited onto a conventional stainless steel plate.
摘要翻译： 一种用于减小板与燃料电池中使用的扩散层之间的电接触电阻的双极板。 板的相对表面限定了流通通道，其间具有分散在它们之间的直立区域。 板的焊盘与燃料电池中的扩散层形成导电接触。 导电接触的至少一部分由镍基合金构成，其可以降低板和扩散层之间的接触电阻，作为实现改善的电流密度的方式。 在一种形式中，合金可以用作板中的主要材料，而在另一种形式中，它可以用作沉积在常规不锈钢板上的涂层。
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5.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20100291464A1
公开(公告)日：2010-11-18
申请号：US12465963
申请日：2009-05-14
IPC分类号： H01M2/02
CPC分类号： H01M8/0208 , H01M8/021 , H01M8/0228 , H01M8/0258 , H01M8/0263 , H01M8/0267 , H01M8/2483 , H01M2008/1095 , Y02E60/50
摘要： A bipolar plate to reduce electrical contact resistance between the plate and a diffusion layer used in a fuel cell. The opposing surfaces of the plate define flow channels with upstanding lands interspersed between them. The lands of the plate form an electrically-conductive contact with a diffusion layer in the fuel cell. At least a portion of the electrically-conductive contact is made up of a nickel-based alloy that reduces the contact resistance between the plate and the diffusion layer as a way to achieve improved electric current density. In one form, the alloy can be used as the primary material in the plate, while in another, it can be used as a coating deposited onto a conventional stainless steel plate.
摘要翻译： 一种用于减小板与燃料电池中使用的扩散层之间的电接触电阻的双极板。 板的相对表面限定了流通通道，其间具有分散在它们之间的直立区域。 板的焊盘与燃料电池中的扩散层形成导电接触。 导电接触的至少一部分由镍基合金构成，其可以降低板和扩散层之间的接触电阻，作为实现改善的电流密度的方式。 在一种形式中，合金可以用作板中的主要材料，而在另一种形式中，它可以用作沉积在常规不锈钢板上的涂层。
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公开(公告)号：US06610229B1
公开(公告)日：2003-08-26
申请号：US09638010
申请日：2000-08-14
IPC分类号： B29B1108
CPC分类号： B29C70/305 , B29B11/16 , B29C70/48
摘要： Screen tooling having a durable coating system, and a fiber preforming process employing the tooling. The coating system comprises a surface layer of a porcelain enamel composition that is generally a borosilicate glass, and preferable contains quartz, borax, boric oxide, potassium nitrate, sodium silicofluoride, and manganese dioxide, and optionally contains titanium dioxide, antimony oxide, cobalt oxide and/or barium oxide.
摘要翻译： 具有耐用涂层系统的丝网模具和采用该模具的纤维预成型工艺。 涂层系统包括通常为硼硅酸盐玻璃的瓷釉组合物的表面层，并且优选含有石英，硼砂，氧化硼，硝酸钾，氟硅酸钠和二氧化锰，并且任选地包含二氧化钛，氧化锑，氧化钴 和/或氧化钡。
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7.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20100269558A1
公开(公告)日：2010-10-28
申请号：US12427809
申请日：2009-04-22
申请人： Arianna T. Morales
发明人： Arianna T. Morales
IPC分类号： B21B45/02
CPC分类号： B21D37/16 , B21D22/00 , B21D37/18 , C10M103/00 , C10M103/02 , C10M103/06 , C10M2201/0413 , C10M2201/0663 , C10N2240/404 , C10N2240/407 , C10N2250/08 , C10N2250/121 , C10N2280/00
摘要： According to one embodiment, a film of solid lubricant particles is applied to metal workpieces, which are then subjected to a controlled humid environment for predetermined times and temperatures. Following the exposure to humidity, the lubricated metal workpieces are heated for a hot forming operation. The humidification of the lubricated workpiece increases the adhesion of solid lubricant films to the metal workpieces, thereby improving the tribological performance of the workpieces during subsequent hot forming operations.
摘要翻译： 根据一个实施例，将固体润滑剂颗粒的膜施加到金属工件上，然后将其经受受控的湿润环境预定的时间和温度。 在暴露于湿度之后，将润滑的金属工件加热以进行热成型操作。 润滑的工件的加湿增加了固体润滑剂膜对金属工件的粘附性，从而提高随后的热成形操作期间工件的摩擦学性能。
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公开(公告)号：US08567226B2
公开(公告)日：2013-10-29
申请号：US12246492
申请日：2008-10-06
申请人： Arianna T. Morales
发明人： Arianna T. Morales
摘要： A die for use in a sheet metal forming process includes a die material having a surface. A plurality of depressions is formed in a predetermined portion of the surface, where each of the plurality of depressions has a predetermined diameter and depth. Interaction of a surface of a sheet metal blank with i) the plurality of depressions, and ii) a solid forming lubricant, including particles of an average predetermined size and distribution, disposed on one of the die material surface or the sheet metal blank surface substantially reduces adhesion between the sheet metal blank surface and the die material surface during the sheet metal forming process.
摘要翻译： 用于钣金成型工艺的模具包括具有表面的模具材料。 多个凹部形成在表面的预定部分中，其中多个凹陷中的每一个具有预定的直径和深度。 钣金坯料的表面与i）多个凹陷相互作用，和ii）固体成形润滑剂，包括平均预定尺寸和分布的颗粒，基本上位于模具材料表面或金属板坯表面之一上 在金属板成形过程中减少了金属板坯表面和模具材料表面之间的粘合性。
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公开(公告)号：US08297091B2
公开(公告)日：2012-10-30
申请号：US12477180
申请日：2009-06-03
申请人： Arianna T. Morales
发明人： Arianna T. Morales
IPC分类号： B21B45/02
CPC分类号： B21D26/021 , B21D37/16 , C03C3/115 , C03C8/02 , C03C8/14 , C10M103/00 , C10M2201/0613 , C10M2201/062 , C10M2201/0623 , C10M2201/082 , C10M2201/0873 , C10M2201/102 , C10M2201/12 , C10N2220/082 , C10N2240/402 , C10N2240/404 , C10N2240/407 , C10N2250/121 , C23D5/00 , Y10T428/24372 , C10N2210/08 , C10N2210/02 , C10N2210/05 , C10N2210/04 , C10N2210/01
摘要： In one embodiment, a substrate, for example a tool used in hot metalforming operations, is coated with an enamel nanoparticulate graded coating. The nanoparticles in the coating may be boron nitride nanoparticles. The coating may include a first portion adjacent a surface of the substrate, and a second portion adjacent the first portion. The first portion of the coating may have a lower volume fraction of nanoparticles than the second portion. The first portion has excellent adhesion to the surface of the substrate, and the second portion reduces friction and wear. The coated tool may be formed by applying at least one layer of a coating mixture to a surface of the tool and heating the coating mixture. A metal workpiece may be formed into an article by contacting the metal workpiece against the coated surface of the tool.
摘要翻译： 在一个实施例中，衬底，例如用于热金属成形操作中的工具，涂覆有搪瓷纳米颗粒分级涂层。 涂层中的纳米颗粒可以是氮化硼纳米颗粒。 涂层可以包括邻近衬底的表面的第一部分和与第一部分相邻的第二部分。 涂层的第一部分可以具有比第二部分更低体积分数的纳米颗粒。 第一部分对基材的表面具有优异的粘附性，第二部分减少摩擦和磨损。 涂覆的工具可以通过将至少一层涂层混合物施加到工具的表面并加热涂层混合物而形成。 金属工件可以通过使金属工件与工具的涂覆表面接触而形成制品。
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10.发明授权Method to improve solid lubricant film tribological performance and adhesion to hot forming material 有权提高固体润滑剂膜的摩擦学性能和与热成型材料的粘合力的方法公开(公告)号：US08250890B2
公开(公告)日：2012-08-28
申请号：US12427809
申请日：2009-04-22
申请人： Arianna T. Morales
发明人： Arianna T. Morales
IPC分类号： B21B45/02
CPC分类号： B21D37/16 , B21D22/00 , B21D37/18 , C10M103/00 , C10M103/02 , C10M103/06 , C10M2201/0413 , C10M2201/0663 , C10N2240/404 , C10N2240/407 , C10N2250/08 , C10N2250/121 , C10N2280/00
摘要： According to one embodiment, a film of solid lubricant particles is applied to metal workpieces, which are then subjected to a controlled humid environment for predetermined times and temperatures. Following the exposure to humidity, the lubricated metal workpieces are heated for a hot forming operation. The humidification of the lubricated workpiece increases the adhesion of solid lubricant films to the metal workpieces, thereby improving the tribological performance of the workpieces during subsequent hot forming operations.
摘要翻译： 根据一个实施例，将固体润滑剂颗粒的膜施加到金属工件上，然后将其经受受控的湿润环境预定的时间和温度。 在暴露于湿度之后，将润滑的金属工件加热以进行热成型操作。 润滑的工件的加湿增加了固体润滑剂膜对金属工件的粘附性，从而提高随后的热成形操作期间工件的摩擦学性能。
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