Abstract:
The present invention provides a vulcanized rubber material having improved heat resistance while maintaining ozone resistance of an epihalohydrin rubber, and a rubber composition for vulcanization for producing the same. The invention further provides a vulcanized rubber material and a rubber composition for vulcanization, that can achieve the above objects without using an organonickel compound having a concern about toxicity, or if used, using the same as less as possible. The present invention relates to a rubber composition for vulcanization comprising (a) 100 parts by weight of an epihalohydrin rubber, (b) 0.01 to 0.5 part by weight of a copper salt of dithiocarbamic acid, (c) an acid acceptor, and (d) a polythiol type vulcanizing agent or a polyol type vulcanizing agent, a vulcanized rubber material obtained by vulcanizing the composition, and an automotive rubber part comprising the vulcanized rubber material.
Abstract:
A magnetic direction sensor can detect at higher precision the magnitude and direction of a detected magnetic field. The magnetic direction sensor has a measuring section, a storage section and an operating section. The measuring section has first and second MR elements, and detects resistance values of these elements in accordance with an attitude change of the sensor and the presence or absence of a bias magnetic field to be applied through a coil in a direction orthogonal to a magnetization direction of each pinned layer in the first and second MR elements. The storage section stores fixed data invariable in response to a detected magnetic field direction, in resistance values of these elements measured by the measuring section. The operating section calculates a detected magnetic field vector from variable data of resistance values of these elements measured by the measuring section, and fixed data stored in the storage section.
Abstract:
The present invention provides a current sensor of smaller and simpler configuration, capable of measuring a current to be detected with high precision and stability. A current sensor has a V-shaped conductor line and a pair of magnetoresistive elements disposed along with the conductor line so that a resistance value of one of the magnetoresistive elements changes in a direction opposite to that of resistance-value-change of the other magnetoresistive element according to current magnetic fields produced by a current to be detected flowing through the conductor line.
Abstract:
A current sensor capable of detecting current magnetic fields generated by a current to be detected with high precision and stability while realizing a compact configuration is provided. The current sensor includes: a conductor generating a current magnetic field in accordance with supplied current to be detected; a magnetoresistive element including a free layer having a magnetization direction that varies in accordance with the current magnetic field, a pinned layer having the magnetization direction that is pinned to a direction orthogonal to the magnetization direction of the free layer under no current magnetic field, and an intermediate layer provided between the free layer and the pinned layer; and a bias applying means for applying, to the magnetoresistive element, a bias magnetic field along a direction same with the magnetization direction of the free layer under no current magnetic field.
Abstract:
The present invention provides a current sensor of smaller and simpler configuration, capable of measuring a current to be detected with high precision and stability. A magnetic sensor includes: an element substrate including a magnetoresistive element, the magnetoresistive element having a pinned layer with a magnetization pinned to a direction, an intermediate layer, and a free layer whose magnetization direction changes according to an external magnetic field; and a magnetic sheet attached on one side of the element substrate so as to apply a bias magnetic field to the magnetoresistive element.
Abstract:
The present invention provides a current sensor capable of detecting a current magnetic field generated by a current to be detected with high precision and stability while realizing a compact configuration. The current sensor has: first and second magnetoresistive elements each including a pinned layer having a magnetization direction pinned in a predetermined direction, a free layer whose magnetization direction changes according to applied magnetic fields, and an intermediate layer sandwiched between the pinned layer and the free layer; and first and second permanent magnets for applying bias magnetic fields to the first and second magnetoresistive elements. The bias magnetic field has a parallel component parallel to a magnetization direction under no magnetic field and an orthogonal component orthogonal to the parallel component. Consequently, uniaxial anisotropy of the free layer can be enhanced without using shape anisotropy. Therefore, the current magnetic field to be detected can be detected with high precision and stability irrespective of the shapes of the magnetoresistive elements, and the invention is favorable for miniaturization.
Abstract:
A current sensor that is compact can detect with high sensitivity and high accuracy a magnetic field generated by a current. The current sensor has a thin film coil including turn portions extending in an X-axis direction at a second layer, and a first magnetoresistive element which includes element patterns disposed at a first layer in areas corresponding to the turn portions, the resistance value of which varies according to a magnetic field generated by a current detected of from 10 to 50 mA flowing through the turn portions. The distance between each turn portion and each element pattern is from 0.4 to 1.0 μm. Each cross-sectional area at the turn portions is from 0.4 to 3.0 μm2. This permits efficient detection of a magnetic field without the influence of heat generated from the thin film coil.
Abstract:
Provided is a current sensor capable of detecting an induced magnetic field by a current to be detected with higher precision. The first and second modules are provided on facing surfaces of integrated substrates, respectively, with spacers in between. Each of the first and second modules includes an element substrate, and an MR element layer. On each of the MR elements layers, provided is an MR element having a stacked structure including a pinned layer, a nonmagnetic intermediate layer, and a free layer whose magnetization direction changes according to the induced magnetic field and which exhibits an anisotropic field in a direction different from that of the magnetization of the pinned layer. The stacked structures of the MR elements are provided in a same layer level.
Abstract:
A current sensor includes a conductor line, and a magnetic sensor in which resistance value changes according to a current magnetic field produced by a current to be detected flowing through the conductor line. The conductor line includes: a pair of parallel portions each having a same and uniform cross-sectional area, while extending in parallel with each other separated at a first distance therebetween; a connecting portion connecting one end of one of the parallel portions and one end of the other of the parallel portions; and a pair of terminal portions each connected to the other end of each of the parallel portions, while extending to face with each other separated at a second distance therebetween, the second distance being wider than the first distance, the terminal portions each having a larger cross-sectional area than that of each of the parallel portions.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a thin film capacitor which can improve the uniformity of the capacitance while keeping a high capacitance. The thin film capacitor has a lower electrode serving as a trench forming layer where a trench pattern is to be formed, a dielectric film so provided as to cover the lower electrode, and an upper electrode laminated in order on the entire top surface of a substrate. The trench pattern is configured to have a first pattern and a second pattern separate from the first pattern. The first pattern has a plurality of protrusions provided upright at predetermined intervals, and the second pattern has a plurality of recesses provided at predetermined intervals. Trenches are each defined by the outer wall of each protrusion and the inner wall of each recess.