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公开(公告)号：US08561486B2
公开(公告)日：2013-10-22
申请号：US13078999
申请日：2011-04-03
IPC分类号： G01N1/12
CPC分类号： B01D15/08 , G01J1/58 , G01J3/00 , G01N1/28 , G01N27/447 , G01N27/62 , G01N30/00 , G01N33/00 , H01J27/00 , H01J49/26 , Y02A50/25
摘要： Devices, apparatus and methods are disclosed for non-contact pneumatic sampling and sampling of surfaces, persons, articles of clothing, buildings, furnishings, vehicles, baggage, packages, mail, and the like, for contaminating aerosols indicative of a hazard or a benefit, where the contaminating aerosols are chemical, radiological, biological, toxic, or infectious in character. In a first device, a central orifice for pulling a suction gas stream is surrounded by a peripheral array of convergingly-directed gas jets, forming a virtual sampling chamber. The gas jets are configured to deliver millisecond pneumatic pulses that erode particles from solid surfaces at a distance. In another aspect of the invention, a suction gas stream is split using an air-to-air concentrator so that a particle-enriched gas flow is directed to a particle trap and any particles immobilized in the particle trap (including any adsorbed vapors associated with the particles) are selectively analyzed to detect trace residues associated with explosives.
摘要翻译： 公开了用于表面，人员，衣物，建筑物，家具，车辆，行李，包装，邮件等的非接触式气体采样和采样的装置，装置和方法，用于污染指示危险或益处的气溶胶 污染气溶胶在化学，放射学，生物学，毒性或传染性方面。 在第一装置中，用于拉动吸入气流的中心孔被收敛的气体射流的外围阵列包围，形成虚拟取样室。 气体喷射器被配置为传送毫秒的气动脉冲，其从一定距离的实体表面侵蚀颗粒。 在本发明的另一方面，使用空气 - 空气浓缩器分离吸入气体流，使得富含颗粒的气体流被引导到颗粒捕获器，并且固定在颗粒捕获器中的任何颗粒（包括与 颗粒）被选择性分析以检测与爆炸物相关的痕量残留物。
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公开(公告)号：USRE33857E
公开(公告)日：1992-03-24
申请号：US62481
申请日：1987-06-15
CPC分类号： G01J5/08 , C21B7/24 , F23N5/082 , F27D21/00 , G01J5/0044 , G01J5/02 , G01J5/029 , G01J5/061 , F23N2029/20 , G01J2005/0077 , G01J5/0862 , G01J5/602
摘要： An apparatus is described which is capable of producing an image of a smelt bed of inorganic chemicals collected at the bottom of a kraft pulp recovery boiler. The image produced is free of interferences of fume particles and gaseous radiation which have obscured prior attempts to view hot surfaces under such environmental conditions. The apparatus includes an industrial closed circuit video camera fitted with an infrared imaging detector or vidicon tube. An objective lens obtains the image. An optical filter interposed between the lens and the vidicon is a key element of the invention and is selected to reject radiation less than about a micrometer to avoid fume interference. The filter is further selected to reject all but limited ranges of radiation to avoid gaseous species overlying the smelt bed which are strongly emitting and absorbing. As an example, a spectral filter centered at 1.68 micrometers with a band width of 0.07 micrometer is suitable for imaging a kraft recovery smelt bed.
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公开(公告)号：US20110232498A1
公开(公告)日：2011-09-29
申请号：US13069618
申请日：2011-03-23
IPC分类号： B01D45/12
摘要： An aerosol sampling intake configured to exclude particles generally greater than 20 microns AD and capture particles of less than about 10 microns AD with high efficiency, independent of weather conditions, through which air is sampled by suction. The intake combines an omnidirectional horizontal segment with diffuser and elbow, the elbow transitioning flow to a vertical segment, the vertical segment with overhanging lip, the centrifugal impactor for self-cleaning operation, thus relieving the dual problems of re-entrainment of particles bouncing from the impactor surface and fouling by particles sticking to the impactor surface. The device is adapted for use on moving vehicles, for sampling at increased windspeeds, or for sampling in rain.
摘要翻译： 一种气雾剂采样进气口，其配置为排除一般大于20微米的颗粒物，并以高效率捕获小于约10微米的AD颗粒，而与天气条件无关，空气通过吸力进行采样。 进气口结合了全向水平段与扩压器和弯头，弯头过渡流向垂直段，垂直段具有悬垂的唇缘，离心冲击器用于自清洁操作，从而减轻了重新夹带颗粒的双重问题 撞击器表面和粘附在冲击器表面上的颗粒结垢。 该装置适用于移动车辆，以增加风速进行取样，或在雨中采样。
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公开(公告)号：US20090288475A1
公开(公告)日：2009-11-26
申请号：US12125458
申请日：2008-05-22
IPC分类号： G01N1/24
CPC分类号： B01D45/08 , B01D45/06 , G01N1/2202 , G01N2001/2223
摘要： A skimmer device for concentrating an aerosol from a flowing gas stream, having an inlet with inlet aperture and inlet raceway, an outlet with virtual impact void and collector channel, and bulk flow divertors symmetrically disposed on either side of the long axis of flow, further characterized in that the downstream walls of the bulk flow divertors are concavedly curved and reverse the direction of bulk flow. In section, the four channels or passages of the “skimmer” thus form a “crossed tee” with concavedly contoured lateral arms curving back around. The lateral flow channels are for diverting the bulk flow into exhaust chimney spaces, and the chimney spaces are positioned proximate to the inlet element and anterior to the collection channel. In operation, the bulk flow streamlines are thereby folded more than 90 degrees away from the long axis of flow on the laterally disposed concave walls of the bulk flow channels. While counterintuitive, this was found using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and experimentation to dramatically reduce wall separation and related instabilities and to improve particle recoveries. Large two-dimensional arrays of closely stacked inlet and skimmer elements are thus achieved by fitting the chimneys into spaces between parallel inlet elements. The interlinked problems of flow instability, manufacturability of arrays, and scale-up of chimney cross-sectional area to equalize pressure differentials in the bulk flow diverter exhaust ducts, particularly in two-dimensional arrays at high throughput, are uniquely solved with this geometry.
摘要翻译： 一种用于从流动的气流中浓缩气溶胶的分离器装置，其具有具有入口孔和入口滚道的入口，具有虚拟冲击空隙和收集器通道的出口以及对称地设置在长轴流动的任一侧的主体流动偏滤器 其特征在于，主体流动偏滤器的下游壁呈凹形弯曲并且反向大量流动的方向。 在这部分中，“撇渣器”的四个通道或通道因此形成了一个“交叉的三通”，具有凹凸轮廓的横向臂向后弯曲。 横向流动通道用于将主体流转向排气烟囱空间，并且烟囱空间定位成靠近入口元件并在收集通道前方。 在操作中，主体流动流线由此折叠在大体积流动通道的横向设置的凹壁上的长轴流动90度以上。 虽然这是直觉的，但是使用计算流体动力学（CFD）和实验发现，这可以显着降低壁分离和相关的不稳定性并改善颗粒回收率。 因此，通过将烟囱装配到平行入口元件之间的空间中，实现了紧密堆叠的入口和撇渣元件的大二维阵列。 这种几何形状独特地解决了流动不稳定性，阵列的可制造性以及烟囱横截面积的尺度的相互关联的问题，以平衡大流量分流器排气管道中的压差，特别是在高通量下的二维阵列中。
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5.发明授权Imaging of hot infrared emitting surfaces obscured by particulate fume and hot gases 失效热红外发射表面的成像被颗粒烟雾和热气体遮蔽
公开(公告)号：US4539588A
公开(公告)日：1985-09-03
申请号：US468425
申请日：1983-02-22
CPC分类号： G01J5/02 , G01J5/0044 , G01J5/029 , G01J5/061 , G01J5/08 , G01J2005/0077 , G01J5/0862 , G01J5/602
摘要： An apparatus is described which is capable of producing an image of a smelt bed of inorganic chemicals collected at the bottom of a kraft pulp recovery boiler. The image produced is free of interferences of fume particles and gaseous radiation which have obscured prior attempts to view hot surfaces under such environmental conditions. The apparatus includes an industrial closed circuit video camera fitted with an infrared imaging detector or vidicon tube. An objective lens obtains the image. An optical filter interposed between the lens and the vidicon is a key element of the invention and is selected to reject radiation less than about a micrometer to avoid fume interference. The filter is further selected to reject all but limited ranges of radiation to avoid gaseous species overlying the smelt bed which are strongly emitting and absorbing. As an example, a spectral filter centered at 1.68 micrometers with a band width of 0.07 micrometer is suitable for imaging a kraft recovery smelt bed.
摘要翻译： 描述了能够产生在牛皮纸浆回收锅炉底部收集的无机化学品的熔化床的图像的装置。 所产生的图像没有烟雾颗粒和气体辐射的干扰，这已经掩盖了先前在这种环境条件下观察热表面的尝试。 该装置包括装有红外成像检测器或摄像管的工业闭路摄像机。 物镜获取图像。 介于透镜和摄像机之间的光学滤波器是本发明的关键元件，并且被选择为抑制小于约一微米的辐射以避免烟雾干扰。 进一步选择该过滤器以排除所有但有限的辐射范围，以避免覆盖在强烈发射和吸收的冶炼床上的气态物质。 作为示例，以1.78微米为中心的带宽为0.07微米的光谱滤波器适用于对牛皮纸回收熔融床进行成像。
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公开(公告)号：US08539840B2
公开(公告)日：2013-09-24
申请号：US13099295
申请日：2011-05-02
IPC分类号： G01N3/02
CPC分类号： G01N1/2202 , B03C3/017 , B03C3/08 , B03C3/12 , B03C3/41 , B03C3/47 , B03C2201/04 , B08B3/12 , B08B7/026 , G01N1/2208 , G01N1/2211 , G01N15/0266 , G01N15/0606 , G01N2001/2223 , G01N2001/383 , G01N2015/0038 , G01N2015/0088 , G01N2015/0096 , G01N2015/0261 , Y10T137/8376
摘要： An apparatus or device for collecting aerosol particles from a gas stream, having a collector body enclosing a collector channel, a particle trap in the collector channel, and an injection duct for injecting a discrete microdroplet of an elution reagent. The particle trap may be a centrifugal impactor, a bluff body impactor, or an electrostatic impactor. Aerosol particles are deposited on the surface during collection and are subsequently eluted with a microdroplet or a series of microdroplets as a concentrated liquid sample so that the sample can be analyzed in situ or conveyed to a detector for analysis. The collector serves as an aerosol-to-liquid conversion module as part of an apparatus for detecting and analyzing aerosol particles, and may be used in an integrated environmental threat assessment system, for example for characterization of aerosolized chemical and biological weapons, or for industrial or environmental monitoring.
摘要翻译： 一种用于从气流收集气溶胶颗粒的装置或装置，其具有封闭收集器通道的收集器主体，收集器通道中的颗粒捕集器和用于注入洗脱试剂的离散微滴的注入管道。 颗粒捕集器可以是离心冲击器，非流线型冲击器或静电冲击器。 气溶胶颗粒在收集期间沉积在表面上，随后用微滴或一系列微滴作为浓缩液体样品洗脱，使得样品可以原位分析或输送到检测器进行分析。 收集器用作气溶胶 - 液体转化模块，作为用于检测和分析气溶胶颗粒的装置的一部分，并且可以用于综合的环境威胁评估系统，例如用于表征气雾化的化学和生物武器，或用于工业 或环境监测。
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公开(公告)号：US20120105839A1
公开(公告)日：2012-05-03
申请号：US12833665
申请日：2010-07-09
CPC分类号： G01N1/2208 , G01N21/553 , G01N21/64 , G01N21/65 , G01N21/658 , G01N21/718
摘要： Improved centrifugal particle traps for aerosol particle collection and sampling characterized by a curved, progressively tapered impactor channel operable over a incompressible or compressible flow regime, or a flow regime transitioning from incompressible to compressible over the length of the particle trap. Mixtures of particles in a flowing gas stream are impactingly captured and separated by size. The particle traps can be operated to collect submicron particles without blockage, have lower pressure drops to reduce overall power requirements, and surprisingly, viability of biological particles captured in the particle traps of the invention is increased. Also disclosed are systems and methods combining these improved particle traps with in-line particle concentrators and with aerosol sample or liquid sample processing and analysis systems.
摘要翻译： 用于气溶胶颗粒收集和取样的改进的离心颗粒捕集器，其特征在于可在不可压缩或可压缩的流动状态下操作的弯曲的逐渐变细的冲击器通道，或者在颗粒捕集器的长度上从不可压缩到可压缩的流动状态。 流动气流中的颗粒的混合物被大小捕获并分离。 可以操作颗粒捕集器以收集亚微米颗粒而不堵塞，具有较低的压降以降低整体功率需求，令人惊奇的是，捕获在本发明的颗粒捕集器中的生物颗粒的活力增加。 还公开了将这些改进的颗粒捕集器与在线颗粒浓缩器以及气溶胶样品或液体样品处理和分析系统组合的系统和方法。
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公开(公告)号：US20110186436A1
公开(公告)日：2011-08-04
申请号：US13078999
申请日：2011-04-03
IPC分类号： G01N1/28 , H01J49/26 , H01J27/00 , B01D15/08 , G01N30/00 , G01J3/00 , G01J1/58 , G01N27/62 , G01N27/447 , G01N33/00
CPC分类号： B01D15/08 , G01J1/58 , G01J3/00 , G01N1/28 , G01N27/447 , G01N27/62 , G01N30/00 , G01N33/00 , H01J27/00 , H01J49/26 , Y02A50/25
摘要： Devices, apparatus and methods are disclosed for non-contact pneumatic sampling and sampling of surfaces, persons, articles of clothing, buildings, furnishings, vehicles, baggage, packages, mail, and the like, for contaminating aerosols indicative of a hazard or a benefit, where the contaminating aerosols are chemical, radiological, biological, toxic, or infectious in character. In a first device, a central orifice for pulling a suction gas stream is surrounded by a peripheral array of convergingly-directed gas jets, forming a virtual sampling chamber. The gas jets are configured to deliver millisecond pneumatic pulses that erode particles from solid surfaces at a distance. In another aspect of the invention, a suction gas stream is split using an air-to-air concentrator so that a particle-enriched gas flow is directed to a particle trap and any particles immobilized in the particle trap (including any adsorbed vapors associated with the particles) are selectively analyzed to detect trace residues associated with explosives.
摘要翻译： 公开的装置，装置和方法用于表面，人员，衣物，建筑物，家具，车辆，行李，包装，邮件等的非接触式气体取样和取样，用于污染指示危险或益处的气溶胶 污染气溶胶在化学，放射学，生物学，毒性或传染性方面。 在第一装置中，用于拉动吸入气流的中心孔被收敛的气体射流的外围阵列包围，形成虚拟取样室。 气体喷射器被配置为传送毫秒的气动脉冲，其从一定距离的实体表面侵蚀颗粒。 在本发明的另一方面，使用空气 - 空气浓缩器分离吸入气体流，使得富含颗粒的气体流被引导到颗粒捕获器，并且固定在颗粒捕获器中的任何颗粒（包括与 颗粒）被选择性分析以检测与爆炸物相关的痕量残留物。
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公开(公告)号：US20110132108A1
公开(公告)日：2011-06-09
申请号：US12834860
申请日：2010-07-12
IPC分类号： G01N1/24
CPC分类号： G01N1/2202 , G01N2001/028
摘要： Devices and methods are disclosed for non-contact pneumatic sampling of surfaces, persons, articles of clothing, buildings, furnishings, vehicles, baggage, packages, mail, and the like, for aerosols or vapor residues indicative of a hazard or a benefit, where the residues are chemical, radiological, biological, toxic, or infectious in character. A central orifice for pulling a vacuum is surrounded by an array of convergingly-directed gas jets, forming a “virtual sampling chamber”. The gas jets are configured to deliver millisecond pneumatic pulses that erode particles and vapors from solid surfaces at a distance. A curtain wall flow encloses the sampling area during pulse retrieval.
摘要翻译： 公开了用于表示，人员，衣物，建筑物，家具，车辆，行李，包装，邮件等的非接触式气体取样的装置和方法，用于指示危险或益处的气溶胶或蒸气残留物，其中 残留物具有化学，放射性，生物，毒性或传染性。 用于拉动真空的中心孔由一组会聚的气体射流包围，形成“虚拟取样室”。 气体喷射器被配置为传送毫秒气动脉冲，其从一定距离的实心表面侵蚀颗粒和蒸气。 在脉冲检索期间，幕墙流动包围采样区域。
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公开(公告)号：US07875095B2
公开(公告)日：2011-01-25
申请号：US12125458
申请日：2008-05-22
IPC分类号： B01D45/00
CPC分类号： B01D45/08 , B01D45/06 , G01N1/2202 , G01N2001/2223
摘要： A skimmer device for concentrating an aerosol from a flowing gas stream, having an inlet with inlet aperture and inlet raceway, an outlet with virtual impact void and collector channel, and bulk flow divertors symmetrically disposed on either side of the long axis of flow, further characterized in that the downstream walls of the bulk flow divertors are concavedly curved and reverse the direction of bulk flow. In section, the four channels or passages of the “skimmer” thus form a “crossed tee” with concavedly contoured lateral arms curving back around. The lateral flow channels are for diverting the bulk flow into exhaust chimney spaces, and the chimney spaces are positioned proximate to the inlet element and anterior to the collection channel. In operation, the bulk flow streamlines are thereby folded more than 90 degrees away from the long axis of flow on the laterally disposed concave walls of the bulk flow channels. While counterintuitive, this was found using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and experimentation to dramatically reduce wall separation and related instabilities and to improve particle recoveries. Large two-dimensional arrays of closely stacked inlet and skimmer elements are thus achieved by fitting the chimneys into spaces between parallel inlet elements. The interlinked problems of flow instability, manufacturability of arrays, and scale-up of chimney cross-sectional area to equalize pressure differentials in the bulk flow diverter exhaust ducts, particularly in two-dimensional arrays at high throughput, are uniquely solved with this geometry.
摘要翻译： 一种用于从流动的气流中浓缩气溶胶的分离器装置，其具有具有入口孔和入口滚道的入口，具有虚拟冲击空隙和收集器通道的出口以及对称地设置在长轴流动的任一侧的主体流动偏滤器 其特征在于，主体流动偏滤器的下游壁呈凹形弯曲并且反向大量流动的方向。 在这部分中，“撇渣器”的四个通道或通道因此形成了一个“交叉的三通”，具有凹凸轮廓的横向臂向后弯曲。 横向流动通道用于将主体流转向排气烟囱空间，并且烟囱空间定位成靠近入口元件并在收集通道前方。 在操作中，主体流动流线由此折叠在大体积流动通道的横向设置的凹壁上的长轴流动90度以上。 虽然这是直觉的，但是使用计算流体动力学（CFD）和实验发现，这可以显着降低壁分离和相关的不稳定性并改善颗粒回收率。 因此，通过将烟囱装配到平行入口元件之间的空间中，实现了紧密堆叠的入口和撇渣元件的大二维阵列。 这种几何形状独特地解决了流动不稳定性，阵列的可制造性以及烟囱横截面积的尺度的相互关联的问题，以平衡大流量分流器排气管道中的压差，特别是在高通量下的二维阵列中。
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