Abstract:
A method for determining an electrical property of a test sample having a conductive surface portion with an electrical boundary includes (a) determining a first distance between the single position and the boundary by (1) contacting the test sample with a first four-contact configuration of a multi-contact probe at the single position; (2) applying a magnetic field at the single position; (3) measuring first and second resistances from which to calculate a first resistance difference; (4) measuring third and fourth resistances from which to calculate a second resistance difference; (5) defining a first relation including parameters representing the first and second resistance differences and the first distance; (6) determining the first distance by using the first and second resistance differences in the first relation; (b) repeating steps (1)-(6) with a second four-contact configuration to determine a second distance between the single position and the boundary; (c) defining a second relation including the electrical property and a fourth parameter representing the second distance; and (d) employing the second distance as the fourth parameter in the second relation for determining the electrical property.
Abstract:
A headbox for a machine for producing a fibrous web, in particular a paper, cardboard or tissue web from at least one fibrous stock suspension, includes a feeding device for feeding the at least one fibrous stock suspension; a perforated distribution pipe plate which is arranged immediately downstream from the feeding device in the flow direction of the at least one fibrous stock suspension and which includes a plurality of flow channels arranged in rows and columns; an intermediate channel which is arranged immediately downstream from the perforated distribution pipe plate in the flow direction of the at least one fibrous stock suspension and which extends in a width direction of the headbox and includes two walls, for example having the width of the machine; a turbulence generator which is arranged immediately downstream of the intermediate channel in the flow direction of the at least one fibrous stock suspension and which has a plurality of flow channels arranged in rows and columns; and a headbox nozzle which is arranged immediately downstream of turbulence generator in the flow direction of the at least one fibrous stock suspension and which has a nozzle gap. Feeding device, perforated distribution pipe plate and intermediate channel are arranged in a first alignment plane, and turbulence generator and headbox nozzle are arranged in a second alignment plane. The two alignment planes form an angle in the range of >90 and
Abstract:
A method of obtaining an electrical property of a test sample, comprising a non-conductive area and a conductive or semi-conductive test area, by performing multiple measurements using a multi-point probe. The method comprising the steps of providing a magnetic field having field lines passing perpendicularly through the test area, bringing the probe into a first position on the test area, the conductive tips of the probe being in contact with the test area, determining a position for each tip relative to the boundary between the non-conductive area and the test area, determining distances between each tip, selecting one tip to be a current source positioned between conductive tips being used for determining a voltage in the test sample, performing a first measurement, moving the probe and performing a second measurement, calculating on the basis of the first and second measurement the electrical property of the test area.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to protein products with improved nutritional value, and enhanced organoleptic properties, and uses thereof. In particular, the present invention provides fermented protein rich products on basis of fermented pulses and yeast, wherein the fermentation is followed by a heating step.
Abstract:
The invention provides a method for simplifying manufacturing of electrical motors by making a sheet with a plurality of windings of a conductive wire. The sheet is rolled into a tubular body which is inserted into a tubular stator element made from a magnetically conductive material, and pressed into contact with an inner surface thereof. According to the invention, a part of an outer surface of a mandrel is covered with a non-adhesive layer and with an adhesive layer. Subsequently, a wire is coiled onto the mandrel in contact with the adhesive layer. Due to the non-adhesive layer, the coil may easily be removed from the mandrel, and due to the adhesive layer, the windings of the coil are kept in place during a subsequent flattening of the coil. Accordingly, disorder between the windings of the coil can be avoided and a motor with an improved capacity can be manufactured more easily.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a substrate and a method for obtaining an electrophysiological measuring configuration in which a cell forms a high resistive seal (giga-seal) around a measuring electrode making it suitable for determining and monitoring a current flow through the cell membrane. The substrate is typically part of an apparatus for studying electrical events in cell membranes, such as an apparatus for carrying out patch clamp techniques utilised to study ion transfer channels in biological membranes. The substrate has a plurality or an array of measuring sites with integrated measuring and reference electrodes formed by wafer processing technology. The electrodes are adapted to conduct a current between them by delivery of ions by one electrode and receipt of ions by the other electrode and are typically silver/silver halide electrodes. This allows for effective and fast measuring of cells in configurations where the there is a direct electrical connection between the measuring electrode and the cell interior, a whole-cell measuring configuration.
Abstract:
A switch has a housing defining a closed cavity having opposite, first and second walls. A first control electrode is on the first wall. A first contact electrode is on one of the first and second walls. A diaphragm electrode is across the cavity and spaced from the first contact electrode, the diaphragm electrode being responsive to electric potential relative to the first control electrode for flexing across the space and into contact with the first contact electrode, whereby to close the switch.
Abstract:
A method for preparing a mixture of fructose, glucose and compounds of the general formula GF.sub.n, wherein G is glucose and F is fructose and n is an integer. The mixture is recovered from plant tubers or roots by means of a method which does not involve any chemical modification of the components of the mixture. A juice or syrup comprising fructose, glucose, sucrose and oligosaccharides is subjected at one or more suitable steps to a physical separation process to reduce the amount of fructose, glucose and sucrose. The physical separation may be carried out by chromatography or nanofiltration or both. The mixture is suitable for use in foodstuffs and beverages for human beings and animals.
Abstract:
In a cover (1) for overhead transparencies (not shown) and consisting of a pocket (2) with ring file holes (9) and a non-transparent mask flap (3) to cover the part of the light plate of the projector which is not covered by the pocket (2), the novelty is that the mask flap (3) is hinged to the pocket (2) at the edge which is opposite the edge with the ring file holes (9).This provides a plurality of advantages, e.g.that the cover is easy to manufacture and therefore inexpensive, andthat the opposite side of the mask flap may be used as an index leaf for the cover when it is placed by means of the holes (9) in a ring file (not shown) together with several other covers of the same type.