Electroless metal-plating process
    2.
    发明授权
    Electroless metal-plating process 有权
    无电镀金工艺

    公开(公告)号:US06524642B1

    公开(公告)日:2003-02-25

    申请号:US09839384

    申请日:2001-04-21

    IPC分类号: B05D118

    CPC分类号: C23C18/1617

    摘要: An improved electroless process for metal-plating a substrate in a plating bath containing metal-plating ions, one or more reducing agents, one or more completing agents, one or more stabilizers and one or more pH adjusters. The improvement comprises adding to the bath an aging composition comprising reaction by-products generated and accumulated in the bath in the course of a plating cycle. The aging composition is present in the bath in a concentration corresponding to the concentration of by-products present in the bath at a desired bath age. The process also involves the continuous or intermittent discharging of a predetermined volume of the bath and the continuous or intermittent replenishment of the bath with one or more replenishing solutions comprising a source of the metal-plating ions, the reducing agents, the complexing agents, the stabilizers and the pH adjusters in a manner so as to maintain the concentration of consumable and non-consumable ingredients in the bath at a steady state.

    摘要翻译: 一种用于在含有金属镀覆离子,一种或多种还原剂,一种或多种完成剂,一种或多种稳定剂和一种或多种pH调节剂的电镀浴中金属镀覆基底的改进的无电镀方法。 改进之处在于,在电镀循环过程中向浴中加入包含在浴中产生和积累的反应副产物的老化组合物。 老化组合物以与所需浴期间浴中存在的副产物的浓度相对应的浓度存在于浴中。 该方法还包括连续或间歇地排出预定体积的浴液,以及用一种或多种补充溶液连续或间歇补充浴液,所述补充溶液包含金属电镀离子源,还原剂,络合剂, 稳定剂和pH调节剂,以便将浴中的消耗性和非消耗性成分的浓度保持在稳定状态。

    QUANTITATIVE EVALUATION OF FRACTIONAL REGIONAL VENTILATION USING FOUR-DIMENSIONAL COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY
    3.
    发明申请
    QUANTITATIVE EVALUATION OF FRACTIONAL REGIONAL VENTILATION USING FOUR-DIMENSIONAL COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY 审中-公开
    使用四维计算机图像分类区域通气的定量评估

    公开(公告)号:US20130303899A1

    公开(公告)日:2013-11-14

    申请号:US13894314

    申请日:2013-05-14

    IPC分类号: A61B6/00

    摘要: Methods and systems for determining fractional regional ventilation are disclosed. A method includes obtaining first and second lung image data indicative of a first phase and a second phase of a respiratory cycle, respectively, determining an apparent mass ratio k based on the first lung image data and the second lung image data, determining first and second spatially matched lung image data, each including N voxels, based on the first lung image data and the second lung image data, and determining at least one fractional regional ventilation value (FRV value), in accordance with a first equation FRV(n)=(k·ρ2_n−ρ1_n)/ρ1_n. The value of n is a voxel index, ρ1_n is indicative of a density of a voxel n of the first spatially matched lung image data, and ρ2_n is indicative of a density of a voxel n of the second spatially matched lung image data.

    摘要翻译: 公开了确定分区式通风的方法和系统。 一种方法包括分别获得指示呼吸周期的第一阶段和第二阶段的第一和第二肺图像数据,基于第一肺图像数据和第二肺图像数据确定视在质量比k,确定第一和第二 基于第一肺图像数据和第二肺图像数据,并且根据第一等式FRV(n)= 1确定至少一个分数区域通气量值(FRV值),确定空间匹配的肺图像数据,每个包括N个体素 (k·rho2_n-rho1_n)/ rho1_n。 n的值是体元索引,rho1_n表示第一空间匹配肺图像数据的体素n的密度,并且rho2_n表示第二空间匹配肺图像数据的体素n的密度。