摘要:
Exemplary methods include includes providing a film comprising at least one polymeric material; widening the film under a first set of processing conditions in a first draw step along the crossweb direction such that in-plane birefringence, if any, created in the film is low; and drawing the film in a second draw step along a downweb direction under a second set of processing conditions, wherein the second set of processing conditions creates in-plane birefringence in at least one polymeric material. Exemplary roll of film includes an oriented optical film characterized by an effective orientation axis. The oriented optical film comprises only one birefringent polymeric material, at least one birefringent material and at least one isotropic material, or a first birefringent material and a second birefringent material, the birefringent materials characterized by effective orientation axes along the MD. The optical film has a width of greater than 0.3 m and a length a length greater than 10 m.
摘要:
Lighting devices are disclosed that include a light source, a linear reflective polarizer optically coupled to the light source, a back reflector configured and disposed to reflect light that has been reflected by the linear reflective polarizer back toward the input surface thereof, one or more optical elements having a total non-zero retardance Rs and disposed between the linear reflective polarizer and the back reflector, and a customized retarder. The customized retarder has a retardance Rc such that a total retardance of the one or more optical elements and the customized retarder, Rs+Rc, approaches λ/4+n λ/2. The one or more optical elements, the customized retarder and the back reflector are characterized by a total depolarization of no more than 66%. Display devices including such lighting devices are also disclosed.
摘要:
A polarizing film includes a first phase of a first polymer having a birefringence of at least 0.05 and a second phase of a second polymer disposed within the first phase. The index of refraction difference between the first and second phases is greater than about 0.05 along a first axis and is less than about 0.05 along at least one axis orthogonal to the first axis. The diffuse reflectivity of the first and second phases taken together along at least one axis for at least one polarization state of electromagnetic radiation may be at least about 30%. In some exemplary embodiments, the second phase has a refractive index of about 1.53 to about 1.59. In some exemplary embodiments, the second polymer has a glass transition temperature (Tg) higher than the Tg of the birefringent first polymer.
摘要:
A porous organosilicate glass (OSG) film: SivOwCxHyFz, where v+w+x+y+z=100%, v is 10 to 35 atomic %, w is 10 to 65 atomic %, x is 5 to 30 atomic %, y is 10 to 50 atomic % and z is 0 to 15 atomic %, has a silicate network with carbon bonds as methyl groups (Si—CH3) and contains pores with diameter less than 3 nm equivalent spherical diameter and dielectric constant less than 2.7. A preliminary film is deposited by a chemical vapor deposition method from organosilane and/or organosiloxane precursors, and independent pore-forming precursors. Porogen precursors form pores within the preliminary film and are subsequently removed to provide the porous film. Compositions, film forming kits, include organosilane and/or organosiloxane compounds containing at least one Si—H bond and porogen precursors of hydrocarbons containing alcohol, ether, carbonyl, carboxylic acid, ester, nitro, primary amine, secondary amine, and/or tertiary amine functionality or combinations.
摘要翻译:多孔有机硅酸盐玻璃(OSG)膜:其中,X,Y,X,Y, 其中v + w + x + y + z = 100%,v为10〜35原子%,w为10〜65原子%,x为5〜30原子%,y为10〜 z为0〜15原子%,具有作为甲基(Si-CH 3 3)的碳原子的硅酸盐网络,并且含有直径小于3nm的等效球径,介电常数小于2.7的孔 。 通过化学气相沉积法从有机硅烷和/或有机硅氧烷前体和独立的成孔前体沉积初步膜。 致孔剂前体在预备膜内形成孔,随后被除去以提供多孔膜。 组合物,成膜试剂盒包括含有至少一个Si-H键的有机硅烷和/或有机硅氧烷化合物,以及含有醇,醚,羰基,羧酸,酯,硝基,伯胺,仲胺和/或叔碳原子的烃的致孔剂前体 胺官能团或组合。
摘要:
The present disclosure is directed to backlighting systems, which include first and second lightguides, at least one light source optically connected to an edge of the first lightguide and at least one light source optically connected to an edge of the second lightguide for supplying light into their respective interiors. In the appropriate exemplary embodiments, the backlighting systems of the present disclosure include an extractor disposed at a surface of the second lightguide for diffuse extraction of light from the interior of the second lightguide. In such exemplary embodiments, at least a portion of the light supplied into the interior of the second lightguide and then diffusely extracted therefrom enters the interior of the first lightguide through a substantially optically clear surface. In some exemplary embodiments, the backlighting systems of the present disclosure include recycling enhancement structures, which may be attached to the first lightguide.
摘要:
A passive collimating tubular skylight consisting of a radiant energy-collecting aperture, a radiant energy-delivering aperture, and a radiant energy passageway between these two apertures, the passageway having a specularly reflective interior surface and a configuration to improve the collimation of the radiant energy passing therethrough. The skylight can be configured with the radiant energy-collecting aperture located above the roof of a building, oriented to collect sunlight; and equipped with a sealed weatherproof glazing, with the radiant energy-delivering aperture, or luminaire, located at ceiling level within the building, and equipped with a diffusing glazing; and with the reflective tubular light passageway constructed with a larger cross sectional area near the radiant energy-delivering aperture than near the radiant energy-collecting aperture. In complete accord with the second law of thermodynamics, and as proven by experimental results, the new passive collimating tubular skylight provides significant advantages over the prior art, including better solar energy collection, higher throughput optical efficiency, improved radiant energy collimation, enhanced interior illumination levels, and more precise positional control of the interior illumination.
摘要:
A reflective article has a multilayer film covering a patterned retroreflective layer. In one embodiment the patterned retroreflective layer includes a separate indicia layer covering a retroreflective substrate. The indicia are substantially hidden under normal viewing conditions but easily detectable under retroreflective lighting conditions. Various types of retroreflective layers are disclosed. The article can also include microstructured relief patterns which produce holographic images under ambient lighting but which disappear under retroreflective conditions. The multilayer film includes alternating layers of at least a first and second polymer, and has a relatively high reflectivity for normally incident light within a first spectral range which is approximately coextensive with the visible spectrum, and a relatively low reflectance for normally incident light within a second spectral range. The second spectral range can include a transmission window of 15% or less fractional bandwidth located at least partially in the visible spectrum. Film constructions are disclosed which achieve sharper spectral transitions than previously attainable. Film constructions are also disclosed which preserve such sharp transitions even at high entrance (tilt) angles.
摘要:
A refrigerator interior liner can be made of a composition including a monovinylaromatic polymer matrix having an average molecular weight in weight Mw above 150,000 g/mol; rubber particles; and low- Mw plasticizers. The rubber particles can have an RPS volume of about 8.5 μm, a monomodal distribution, a swell index above 13.8, and an RPVF of at least 39%. The composition can be prepared by forming a polymerizable mixture including a monovinylaromatic monomer, and dissolving a viscous rubber in the polymerizable mixture. A free radical initiator and a chain transfer agent can be contacted with the polymerizable mixture at conditions whereby phase inversion subsequently occurs. The chain transfer agent can produce an increase of the rubber to PS phase viscosity ratio within the inversion reactor. Polymerization can be continued until a monovinylaromatic polymer matrix having rubber particles dispersed therein is obtained.
摘要:
An integrated circuit package comprises a package substrate, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) having a first area and formed on a first wafer made from a select semiconductor material, a second wafer of the select semiconductor material, and a supplemental-integrated circuit. The supplemental-integrated circuit has a second area different from the first area. The first wafer includes a through-wafer via to couple the ASIC to the package substrate. An active surface of the ASIC is coupled to the second wafer. The second wafer is arranged with a window there through that is sized to closely receive and align one or more bonding interfaces of the supplemental-integrated circuit to respective bonding interfaces of the ASIC. A corresponding method for assembling a die-stacked integrated circuit package is disclosed.
摘要:
An integrated circuit package comprises a package substrate, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) having a first area and formed on a first wafer made from a select semiconductor material, a second wafer of the select semiconductor material, and a supplemental-integrated circuit. The supplemental-integrated circuit has a second area different from the first area. The first wafer includes a through-wafer via to couple the ASIC to the package substrate. An active surface of the ASIC is coupled to the second wafer. The second wafer is arranged with a window there through that is sized to closely receive and align one or more bonding interfaces of the supplemental-integrated circuit to respective bonding interfaces of the ASIC. A corresponding method for assembling a die-stacked integrated circuit package is disclosed.