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1.发明授权公开(公告)号：US09057522B2
公开(公告)日：2015-06-16
申请号：US12466899
申请日：2009-05-15
IPC分类号： F23N1/02 , F23M3/04 , F23D1/00 , F23R5/00 , C10L5/36 , C10L5/44 , F02M21/12 , F02M29/02 , F03G3/00 , F03G7/00 , F23R7/00
CPC分类号： F23R5/00 , C10L5/366 , C10L5/44 , F02M21/12 , F02M29/02 , F03G3/00 , F03G7/00 , F23D1/00 , F23R7/00 , Y02E50/10 , Y02E50/30 , Y02T10/34 , Y02T10/36
摘要： This application describes powdered fuels, methods of producing powdered fuels source, and dispersions of powdered fuels, as well as systems, kits, and methods for producing and adapting combustion devices to burn powdered fuel, either as a sole fuel source or in combination with existing fuel sources. Exemplary embodiments include engines and furnaces adapted to combust powdered fuel.
摘要翻译： 本申请描述了粉末燃料，粉末燃料源的生产方法和粉末燃料的分散体，以及用于生产和调整燃烧装置以燃烧粉状燃料的系统，试剂盒和方法，作为唯一的燃料源或与现有的 燃料来源 示例性实施例包括适于燃烧粉状燃料的发动机和炉。
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公开(公告)号：US20090274985A1
公开(公告)日：2009-11-05
申请号：US12419946
申请日：2009-04-07
申请人： James K. McKnight , Edward Bacorn , Ken W. White
发明人： James K. McKnight , Edward Bacorn , Ken W. White
CPC分类号： F23N5/00 , F23C1/12 , F23C6/02 , F23C6/045 , F23C2900/06041 , F23D1/005 , F23D1/02 , F23G5/033 , F23G5/444 , F23G5/46 , F23G5/50 , F23G7/10 , F23G2202/106 , F23G2203/00 , F23G2205/20 , F23G2206/203 , F23G2207/101 , F23G2207/102 , F23G2207/104 , F23G2207/112 , F23G2207/113 , F23G2207/20 , F23G2207/30 , F23N1/02 , Y02E20/12 , Y02E50/10 , Y02E50/30
摘要： The burner preferably exclusively burns substantially explosible solid fuels and preferably has instant ON-OFF thermostat control, wastes no energy preheating the enclosure or external air supply, achieves stable combustion the moment the powder-air mix is ignited in our burner, is used in the upward vertical mode except for oil burner retrofits, burns a solid fuel in a single-phase regime as if it were a vaporized liquid or gas, is designed to complete combustion within the burner housing itself rather than in a large, high temperature furnace enclosure which it feeds, has an ultra-short residence time requirement, is a recycle consuming burner with self-contained management of initially unburned particles, is much smaller, simpler and lower cost, has a wider dynamic range/turndown ratio, is more efficient in combustion completeness and thermal efficiency, and operates with air-fuel mix approximately at the flame speed.
摘要翻译： 燃烧器优选地仅燃烧基本上可爆炸的固体燃料，并且优选地具有即时的ON-OFF恒温器控制，不会浪费预热外壳或外部空气供应的能量，在粉末 - 空气混合物在我们的燃烧器中点燃的时刻实现稳定的燃烧， 向上垂直模式，除了油燃烧器改装，在单相状态下燃烧固体燃料，就像它是蒸发的液体或气体一样，被设计成在燃烧器壳体本身内完成燃烧，而不是在大的高温炉壳中 它具有超短的停留时间要求，是一种具有独立管理初始未燃颗粒的循环消耗燃烧器，体积小得多，成本更低，成本更低，具有更宽的动态范围/调节比，燃烧效率更高 完整性和热效率，并以大约在火焰速度下的空气燃料混合操作。
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公开(公告)号：US20090223467A1
公开(公告)日：2009-09-10
申请号：US12466873
申请日：2009-05-15
申请人： James K. McKnight , Edward Bacorn , Ken W. White
发明人： James K. McKnight , Edward Bacorn , Ken W. White
CPC分类号： F23R5/00 , C10L5/366 , C10L5/44 , F02M21/12 , F02M29/02 , F03G3/00 , F03G7/00 , F23D1/00 , F23R7/00 , Y02E50/10 , Y02E50/30 , Y02T10/34 , Y02T10/36
摘要： An engine includes at least one cylinder, an intake valve, a conduit, a positive displacement powdered fuel dispensing device, and an oxidizing gas source supplying an oxidizing gas to the conduit. The cylinder is defined by a cylinder block having a bore, a cylinder head coupled to the top of the cylinder block, and a piston received in the bore of the cylinder block. The intake valve is communicatively coupled with the cylinder head. The conduit is communicatively coupled with the intake valve. The positive displacement powdered fuel dispensing device is communicatively coupled with the conduit. The positive displacement powdered fuel dispensing device meters a supply of a powdered fuel including a substantially explosible powder such that the intake valve admits a powdered fuel dispersion including the substantially explosible powder dispersed in the oxidizing gas at an explosible ratio such that the powdered fuel dispersion is explosible.
摘要翻译： 发动机包括至少一个气缸，进气阀，导管，正排量粉末燃料分配装置和向导管供应氧化气体的氧化气体源。 气缸由具有孔的气缸体，联接到气缸体的顶部的气缸盖和容纳在气缸体的孔中的活塞限定。 进气门与气缸盖通信联接。 导管与进气阀连通地连接。 正排量粉末燃料分配装置与导管连通地连接。 正排量粉末燃料分配装置测量包括基本上可爆炸的粉末的粉末燃料的供应，使得进气阀允许包含基本上可爆炸的粉末的粉末状燃料分散体以分散在氧化气体中的可燃比例使得粉末燃料分散体为 爆炸性
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公开(公告)号：US09016216B2
公开(公告)日：2015-04-28
申请号：US12464416
申请日：2009-05-12
申请人： James K. McKnight , Edward Bacorn , Ken W. White
发明人： James K. McKnight , Edward Bacorn , Ken W. White
IPC分类号： F23D1/00 , F23R5/00 , C10L5/36 , C10L5/44 , F02M21/12 , F02M29/02 , F03G3/00 , F03G7/00 , F23R7/00
CPC分类号： F23R5/00 , C10L5/366 , C10L5/44 , F02M21/12 , F02M29/02 , F03G3/00 , F03G7/00 , F23D1/00 , F23R7/00 , Y02E50/10 , Y02E50/30 , Y02T10/34 , Y02T10/36
摘要： Methods of combustion include metering a substantially explosible powder into an oxidizing gas using a positive displacement powder dispersion device to suspend the powder in the gas and directing the powder in the gas to form a controlled stream of a moving explosible powder dispersion. In some embodiments, the method further includes igniting the dispersion with an ignition source to produce a stationary deflagrating combustion wave and sustaining combustion by continuing to meter the powder into the gas. In other embodiments, the method further includes adjusting a nozzle velocity of the dispersion to reflect properties of the dispersion to create a sustainable flame and igniting the dispersion to produce a stationary deflagrating wave of the dispersion. In other embodiments, the method further includes igniting the dispersion in a combustion area to produce a stationary deflagrating wave such that a conductive heat transfer from combustion brings the powder to combustion temperature.
摘要翻译： 燃烧方法包括使用正位移粉末分散装置将基本上可爆炸的粉末计量为氧化气体，以将粉末悬浮在气体中并将粉末引导到气体中以形成可移动的可爆炸粉末分散体的受控流。 在一些实施方案中，该方法还包括用点燃源点燃分散体以产生固定的燃烧波，并通过继续将粉末计量到气体中来维持燃烧。 在其他实施方案中，该方法还包括调节分散体的喷嘴速度以反映分散体的性质以产生可持续的火焰并点燃该分散体以产生该分散体的固定的易燃波。 在其他实施方案中，该方法还包括点燃燃烧区域中的分散体以产生固定的爆燃波，使得来自燃烧的导电热传递将粉末引入燃烧温度。
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5.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20100055629A1
公开(公告)日：2010-03-04
申请号：US12466899
申请日：2009-05-15
CPC分类号： F23R5/00 , C10L5/366 , C10L5/44 , F02M21/12 , F02M29/02 , F03G3/00 , F03G7/00 , F23D1/00 , F23R7/00 , Y02E50/10 , Y02E50/30 , Y02T10/34 , Y02T10/36
摘要： This application describes powdered fuels, methods of producing powdered fuels source, and dispersions of powdered fuels, as well as systems, kits, and methods for producing and adapting combustion devices to burn powdered fuel, either as a sole fuel source or in combination with existing fuel sources. Exemplary embodiments include engines and furnaces adapted to combust powdered fuel.
摘要翻译： 本申请描述了粉末燃料，粉末燃料源的生产方法和粉末燃料的分散体，以及用于生产和调整燃烧装置以燃烧粉状燃料的系统，试剂盒和方法，作为唯一的燃料源或与现有的 燃料来源 示例性实施例包括适于燃烧粉状燃料的发动机和炉。
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6.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20090214992A1
公开(公告)日：2009-08-27
申请号：US12464416
申请日：2009-05-12
申请人： James K. McKnight , Edward Bacorn , Ken W. White
发明人： James K. McKnight , Edward Bacorn , Ken W. White
CPC分类号： F23R5/00 , C10L5/366 , C10L5/44 , F02M21/12 , F02M29/02 , F03G3/00 , F03G7/00 , F23D1/00 , F23R7/00 , Y02E50/10 , Y02E50/30 , Y02T10/34 , Y02T10/36
摘要： Methods of combustion include metering a substantially explosible powder into an oxidizing gas using a positive displacement powder dispersion device to suspend the powder in the gas and directing the powder in the gas to form a controlled stream of a moving explosible powder dispersion. In some embodiments, the method further includes igniting the dispersion with an ignition source to produce a stationary deflagrating combustion wave and sustaining combustion by continuing to meter the powder into the gas. In other embodiments, the method further includes adjusting a nozzle velocity of the dispersion to reflect properties of the dispersion to create a sustainable flame and igniting the dispersion to produce a stationary deflagrating wave of the dispersion. In other embodiments, the method further includes igniting the dispersion in a combustion area to produce a stationary deflagrating wave such that a conductive heat transfer from combustion brings the powder to combustion temperature.
摘要翻译： 燃烧方法包括使用正位移粉末分散装置将基本上可爆炸的粉末计量为氧化气体，以将粉末悬浮在气体中并将粉末引导到气体中以形成可移动的可爆炸粉末分散体的受控流。 在一些实施方案中，该方法还包括用点燃源点燃分散体以产生固定的燃烧波，并通过继续将粉末计量到气体中来维持燃烧。 在其他实施方案中，该方法还包括调节分散体的喷嘴速度以反映分散体的性质以产生可持续的火焰并点燃该分散体以产生该分散体的固定的易燃波。 在其他实施方案中，该方法还包括点燃燃烧区域中的分散体以产生固定的爆燃波，使得来自燃烧的导电热传递将粉末引入燃烧温度。
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公开(公告)号：US09039407B2
公开(公告)日：2015-05-26
申请号：US12419946
申请日：2009-04-07
申请人： James K. McKnight , Edward Bacorn , Ken W. White
发明人： James K. McKnight , Edward Bacorn , Ken W. White
IPC分类号： F23N1/00 , A01G13/06 , F23C5/08 , F23C7/00 , F23D14/62 , F23C1/12 , F23G7/10 , F23C6/04 , F23G5/033 , F23G5/44 , F23G5/46 , F23G5/50
CPC分类号： F23N5/00 , F23C1/12 , F23C6/02 , F23C6/045 , F23C2900/06041 , F23D1/005 , F23D1/02 , F23G5/033 , F23G5/444 , F23G5/46 , F23G5/50 , F23G7/10 , F23G2202/106 , F23G2203/00 , F23G2205/20 , F23G2206/203 , F23G2207/101 , F23G2207/102 , F23G2207/104 , F23G2207/112 , F23G2207/113 , F23G2207/20 , F23G2207/30 , F23N1/02 , Y02E20/12 , Y02E50/10 , Y02E50/30
摘要： The burner preferably exclusively burns substantially explosible solid fuels and preferably has instant ON-OFF thermostat control, wastes no energy preheating the enclosure or external air supply, achieves stable combustion the moment the powder-air mix is ignited in our burner, is used in the upward vertical mode except for oil burner retrofits, burns a solid fuel in a single-phase regime as if it were a vaporized liquid or gas, is designed to complete combustion within the burner housing itself rather than in a large, high temperature furnace enclosure which it feeds, has an ultra-short residence time requirement, is a recycle consuming burner with self-contained management of initially unburned particles, is much smaller, simpler and lower cost, has a wider dynamic range/turndown ratio, is more efficient in combustion completeness and thermal efficiency, and operates with air-fuel mix approximately at the flame speed.
摘要翻译： 燃烧器优选地仅燃烧基本上可爆炸的固体燃料，并且优选地具有即时的ON-OFF恒温器控制，不会浪费预热外壳或外部空气供应的能量，在粉末 - 空气混合物在我们的燃烧器中点燃的时刻实现稳定的燃烧， 向上垂直模式，除了油燃烧器改装，在单相状态下燃烧固体燃料，就像它是蒸发的液体或气体一样，被设计成在燃烧器壳体本身内完成燃烧，而不是在大的高温炉壳中 它具有超短的停留时间要求，是一种具有独立管理初始未燃颗粒的循环消耗燃烧器，体积小得多，成本更低，成本更低，具有更宽的动态范围/调节比，燃烧效率更高 完整性和热效率，并以大约在火焰速度下的空气燃料混合操作。
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8.发明申请POWDERED FUELS AND POWDERED FUEL DISPERSIONS 审中-公开粉末燃料和粉末燃料分散剂（POWDERED FUELS AND POWDERED FUEL DISPERSIONS）公开(公告)号：US20090223612A1
公开(公告)日：2009-09-10
申请号：US12464449
申请日：2009-05-12
申请人： James K. McKnight , Edward Bacorn , Ken W. White
发明人： James K. McKnight , Edward Bacorn , Ken W. White
摘要： A powdered fuel includes a powder including a material consisting of particles having a particle size distribution median and other statistical characteristics such that less than about 5% of the particles by weight have a size larger than an explosibility size limit for the material. The particle size distribution median and other statistical characteristics are selected based on the use of the powder as a substantially explosible fuel. In one embodiment the material is biomass. In other embodiments, the material is a metal material, a metal alloy, a metal oxide, a plastic material, or a hydrocarbon-bearing solid. A powdered fuel dispersion includes an oxidizing gas and a powdered fuel dispersed in the oxidizing gas at a ratio such that the powdered fuel dispersion is explosible. Proper control of the moving dispersion produces a stationary deflagrating wave that substantially consumes the fuel to produce energy.
摘要翻译： 粉末燃料包括粉末，其包括由具有粒度分布中值的颗粒和其它统计特性组成的材料，使得小于约5重量％的颗粒的尺寸大于材料的爆炸性尺寸极限。 基于使用粉末作为基本上可爆炸的燃料来选择粒度分布中值和其它统计特征。 在一个实施方案中，所述材料是生物质。 在其它实施例中，该材料是金属材料，金属合金，金属氧化物，塑料材料或含烃固体。 粉状燃料分散体包含氧化气体和分散在氧化气体中的粉状燃料，其比例使得粉末状燃料分散体是可爆炸的。 对运动色散的适当控制产生一个基本上消耗燃料以产生能量的静止的爆燃波。
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公开(公告)号：US20150285494A1
公开(公告)日：2015-10-08
申请号：US14688263
申请日：2015-04-16
申请人： James K. McKnight , Edward Bacorn , Ken W. White
发明人： James K. McKnight , Edward Bacorn , Ken W. White
CPC分类号： F23N5/00 , F23C1/12 , F23C6/02 , F23C6/045 , F23C2900/06041 , F23D1/005 , F23D1/02 , F23G5/033 , F23G5/444 , F23G5/46 , F23G5/50 , F23G7/10 , F23G2202/106 , F23G2203/00 , F23G2205/20 , F23G2206/203 , F23G2207/101 , F23G2207/102 , F23G2207/104 , F23G2207/112 , F23G2207/113 , F23G2207/20 , F23G2207/30 , F23N1/02 , Y02E20/12 , Y02E50/10 , Y02E50/30
摘要： The burner preferably exclusively burns substantially explosible solid fuels and preferably has instant ON-OFF thermostat control, wastes no energy preheating the enclosure or external air supply, achieves stable combustion the moment the powder-air mix is ignited in our burner, is used in the upward vertical mode except for oil burner retrofits, burns a solid fuel in a single-phase regime as if it were a vaporized liquid or gas, is designed to complete combustion within the burner housing itself rather than in a large, high temperature furnace enclosure which it feeds, has an ultra-short residence time requirement, is a recycle consuming burner with self-contained management of initially unburned particles, is much smaller, simpler and lower cost, has a wider dynamic range/turndown ratio, is more efficient in combustion completeness and thermal efficiency, and operates with air-fuel mix approximately at the flame speed.
摘要翻译： 燃烧器优选地仅燃烧基本上可爆炸的固体燃料，并且优选地具有即时的ON-OFF恒温器控制，不会浪费预热外壳或外部空气供应的能量，在粉末 - 空气混合物在我们的燃烧器中点燃的时刻实现稳定的燃烧， 向上垂直模式，除了油燃烧器改装，在单相状态下燃烧固体燃料，就像它是蒸发的液体或气体一样，被设计成在燃烧器壳体本身内完成燃烧，而不是在大的高温炉壳中 它具有超短的停留时间要求，是一种具有独立管理初始未燃颗粒的循环消耗燃烧器，体积小得多，成本更低，成本更低，具有更宽的动态范围/调节比，燃烧效率更高 完整性和热效率，并以大约在火焰速度下的空气燃料混合操作。
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公开(公告)号：US09958158B2
公开(公告)日：2018-05-01
申请号：US14688263
申请日：2015-04-16
申请人： James K. McKnight , Edward Bacorn , Ken W. White
发明人： James K. McKnight , Edward Bacorn , Ken W. White
IPC分类号： F23N5/00 , F23C6/04 , F23G5/033 , F23G5/44 , F23G5/46 , F23G5/50 , F23G7/10 , F23C1/12 , F23C6/02 , F23D1/00 , F23D1/02 , F23N1/02
CPC分类号： F23N5/00 , F23C1/12 , F23C6/02 , F23C6/045 , F23C2900/06041 , F23D1/005 , F23D1/02 , F23G5/033 , F23G5/444 , F23G5/46 , F23G5/50 , F23G7/10 , F23G2202/106 , F23G2203/00 , F23G2205/20 , F23G2206/203 , F23G2207/101 , F23G2207/102 , F23G2207/104 , F23G2207/112 , F23G2207/113 , F23G2207/20 , F23G2207/30 , F23N1/02 , Y02E20/12 , Y02E50/10 , Y02E50/30
摘要： The burner preferably exclusively burns substantially explosible solid fuels and preferably has instant ON-OFF thermostat control, wastes no energy preheating the enclosure or external air supply, achieves stable combustion the moment the powder-air mix is ignited in our burner, is used in the upward vertical mode except for oil burner retrofits, burns a solid fuel in a single-phase regime as if it were a vaporized liquid or gas, is designed to complete combustion within the burner housing itself rather than in a large, high temperature furnace enclosure which it feeds, has an ultra-short residence time requirement, is a recycle consuming burner with self-contained management of initially unburned particles, is much smaller, simpler and lower cost, has a wider dynamic range/turndown ratio, is more efficient in combustion completeness and thermal efficiency, and operates with air-fuel mix approximately at the flame speed.
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