Abstract:
A diamond lattice substrate is irradiated with a high energy particle of sufficient flux, energy level and time period to irreversibly transform an area of a plane normal to the axis of irradition into conductive graphite. The substrate is cooled during irradiation to confine the graphite to the area of the plane at a desired depth within the substrate.
Abstract:
A method of providing permanent identification markings to gemstones such as diamond crystals by irradiating the gemstone with protons in the desired pattern. The proton bombardment results in a reaction converting the bombarded area into a different crystal lattice than that of the pre-irradiated stone.