公开(公告)号：US06418223B1

公开(公告)日：2002-07-09

申请号：US09244911

申请日：1999-02-04

申请人： John R. Wootton ,  Gary S. Waldman ,  Gregory L. Hobson

发明人： John R. Wootton ,  Gary S. Waldman ,  Gregory L. Hobson

IPC分类号： H04L936

CPC分类号： H04N1/32128 ,  H04N2201/3205 ,  H04N2201/3215 ,  H04N2201/3233 ,  H04N2201/3236 ,  H04N2201/3274 ,  H04N2201/3278

摘要： A method of authenticating a video image created by a camera (V) or similar video device. The image is formed into a first 2-dimensional pixel array (A1) with each pixel (pm,n) represented by a data word of a predetermined length. Additional data words including event information are added to this 2-dimensional array (A1). The formatted array is converted into a second 2-dimensional array (A2) which may be made smaller than the first array by eliminating rows and columns from the formatted array. A first linear vector (A3) is created using the data words in the second array, and a second linear vector (A4) is created by repositioning the data words from the first linear vector in a random pattern. A checksum is created by summing the contents of all of the data words in the second linear vector beginning at a location established by a pre-established formula. A header (H) is formed using the resulting checksum, information identifying the device used to create the image, and the time the image is formed. A cyclical redundancy check (CRC) is performed using all the data words in the formatted array (A1). Results of this operation are also included in the header. The header is attached to the formatted image and is transmitted and stored with the formatted image to subsequently authenticate the contents of the original image.

摘要翻译： 一种认证由相机（V）或类似视频设备创建的视频图像的方法。 图像被形成为由预定长度的数据字表示的每个像素（pm，n）的第一二维像素阵列（A1）。 包括事件信息的附加数据字被添加到该二维阵列（A1）。 格式化的阵列被转换成第二个二维阵列（A2），它可以通过从格式化阵列中消除行和列而使其小于第一个阵列。 使用第二阵列中的数据字创建第一线性矢量（A3），并通过以随机模式重新定位来自第一线性矢量的数据字来创建第二线性矢量（A4）。 通过将由预先建立的公式建立的位置开始的第二线性向量中的所有数据字的内容求和来创建校验和。 使用所得到的校验和，识别用于创建图像的设备的信息和形成图像的时间来形成报头（H）。 使用格式化阵列（A1）中的所有数据字执行循环冗余校验（CRC）。 此操作的结果也包含在标题中。 标题附加到格式化的图像，并且与格式化的图像一起发送和存储，以随后验证原始图像的内容。

公开(公告)号：US5870471A

公开(公告)日：1999-02-09

申请号：US757838

申请日：1996-11-27

申请人： John R. Wootton ,  Gary S. Waldman ,  Gregory L. Hobson

发明人： John R. Wootton ,  Gary S. Waldman ,  Gregory L. Hobson

IPC分类号： H04N1/32 ,  H04L9/32 ,  G06K9/36

CPC分类号： H04N1/32128 ,  H04N2201/3205 ,  H04N2201/3215 ,  H04N2201/3233 ,  H04N2201/3236 ,  H04N2201/3274 ,  H04N2201/3278

摘要： A method of authenticating a video image created by a camera (V) or similar video device. The image is formed into a first 2-dimensional pixel array (A1) with each pixel (p.sub.m,n) represented by a data word of a predetermined length. This formatted array is converted into a second 2-dimensional array (A2) which may be made smaller than the first array by eliminating rows and columns from the formatted array. A first linear vector (A3) is created using the data words in the second array, and a second linear vector (A4) is created by repositioning the data words from the first linear vector in a random pattern. A checksum is created by summing the contents of all of the data words in the second linear vector beginning at a location established by a pre-established formula. A header (H) is formed using the resulting checksum, information identifying the device used to create the image, and the time the image is formed. The header is attached to the formatted image and is transmitted and stored with the formatted image to subsequently authenticate the contents of the original image.

摘要翻译： 一种认证由相机（V）或类似视频设备创建的视频图像的方法。 图像被形成为由预定长度的数据字表示的每个像素（pm，n）的第一二维像素阵列（A1）。 这个格式化的数组被转换成第二个二维数组（A2），它可以通过从格式化的数组中消除行和列，使其小于第一个数组。 使用第二阵列中的数据字创建第一线性矢量（A3），并通过以随机模式重新定位来自第一线性矢量的数据字来创建第二线性矢量（A4）。 通过将由预先建立的公式建立的位置开始的第二线性向量中的所有数据字的内容求和来创建校验和。 使用所得到的校验和，识别用于创建图像的设备的信息和形成图像的时间来形成报头（H）。 标题附加到格式化的图像，并且与格式化的图像一起发送和存储，以随后验证原始图像的内容。

公开(公告)号：US5937092A

公开(公告)日：1999-08-10

申请号：US772595

申请日：1996-12-23

申请人： John R. Wootton ,  Gary S. Waldman ,  Gregory L. Hobson

发明人： John R. Wootton ,  Gary S. Waldman ,  Gregory L. Hobson

IPC分类号： G08B13/194 ,  H04N7/18 ,  G06K9/46 ,  G08B13/18

CPC分类号： G08B13/19602 ,  G08B13/19606 ,  H04N7/18

摘要： This invention is a video security system (10) and a method for visually monitoring a scene and detecting motion of an intruder within the scene. A camera (C) continually views the scene and produces a representative signal. A processor (12) processes the signal and produces an image (f2) represented by the signal. This image is compared with a similar image (f1) of the scene from a previous point in time. Segments of the later image which differ from segments of the earlier image are identified. A discriminator (14) evaluates these segments to determine if the differences result simply from lighting changes, or the movement of an intruder within the scene as indicated by surface differences between segments of the respective differences. If caused by an intruder, an appropriate indication is provided. An algorithm is employed by which differences from one image to another caused by global or local lighting changes effects are identified so as not to produce false alarms.

摘要翻译： 本发明是视频安全系统（10）和用于视觉监视场景并检测入场者在场景内的运动的方法。 相机（C）连续观看场景并产生代表信号。 处理器（12）处理信号并产生由该信号表示的图像（f2）。 该图像与先前时间点的场景的类似图像（f1）进行比较。 识别与较早图像的片段不同的稍后图像的片段。 鉴别器（14）评估这些片段，以确定差异是否仅仅是由照明变化产生的，或入射者在场景内的移动，如由相应差异的片段之间的表面差异所指示的。 如果由入侵者造成，则提供适当的指示。 采用一种算法，通过识别由全局或局部照明变化影响引起的从一个图像到另一个图像的差异，以便不产生假警报。

公开(公告)号：US5224860A

公开(公告)日：1993-07-06

申请号：US662936

申请日：1991-03-01

申请人： Gary S. Waldman ,  John R. Wootton ,  Gregory L. Hobson ,  David L. Holder

发明人： Gary S. Waldman ,  John R. Wootton ,  Gregory L. Hobson ,  David L. Holder

IPC分类号： F41G7/00

CPC分类号： F41G7/006

摘要： A "hardware-in-the-loop" simulator (10) for training people in the use of a missile system to teach target acquisition, missile launch, and missile guidance under simulated battlefield conditions. A battlefield environment (E) including at least one target (T) movable therewithin is created by a simulation module (12). Missile system hardware (H) including the missile acquisition, tracking, and guidance portions is provided. An interface module (20) converts signals produced by the simulating module to an infrared image acceptable by the hardware. The resultant image represents a field-of-view (FOV), including the target, within the battlefield environment. An image module (32) produces a dynamic image representative of the missile's position in the field-of-view. This image is observable by the hardware which utilizes it to determine the position of the missile relative to the target. The hardware also determines if a missile guidance signal is to be sent to the missile to guide it to the target. If so, the interface module is responsive to the guidance signal to simulate, in real-time, the response of the missile to the guidance signal.

摘要翻译： 一个“硬件在环”模拟器（10），用于在模拟战场条件下训练人们使用导弹系统来教导目标获取，导弹发射和导弹指导。 包括在其中移动的至少一个目标（T）的战场环境（E）由模拟模块（12）创建。 提供了包括导弹获取，跟踪和引导部分的导弹系统硬件（H）。 接口模块（20）将由模拟模块产生的信号转换为硬件可接受的红外图像。 所得到的图像在战场环境中表示包括目标的视场（FOV）。 图像模块（32）产生代表导视体在视场中的位置的动态图像。 该图像可以由硬件来观察，该硬件利用它来确定导弹相对于目标的位置。 硬件还确定是否将导弹指导信号发送到导弹以将其引导到目标。 如果是这样，接口模块响应于引导信号来实时模拟导弹对引导信号的响应。