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公开(公告)号：US07825161B2
公开(公告)日：2010-11-02
申请号：US11014207
申请日：2004-12-15
Applicant: David F. Kronholm , Jan C. Hummelen , Alexander B. Sieval
Inventor： David F. Kronholm , Jan C. Hummelen , Alexander B. Sieval
CPC classification number: B82Y30/00 , C07C69/00 , C07C69/616 , C07C2604/00
Abstract: Chemically functionalized fullerenes are useful in various applications as radical scavengers. These chemically functionalized fullerenes offer the advantages of preservation of the high innate radical scavenging efficiency of the fullerene cage and ease of synthesis of fullerene derivatives of desirably altered chemical and physical properties and single isomers. Further, they are based on a common intermediate chemistry and intermediates can be easily functionalized and tailored to various requirements.
Abstract translation: 化学官能化的富勒烯可用作各种应用中的自由基清除剂。 这些化学官能化的富勒烯具有保存富勒烯笼的高天然自由基清除效率和容易合成富勒烯衍生物的优点，其具有理想的改变的化学和物理性质和单一异构体。 此外，它们是基于常见的中间体化学品，中间体可以容易地进行功能化并根据各种要求进行定制。
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公开(公告)号：US08435713B2
公开(公告)日：2013-05-07
申请号：US13218757
申请日：2011-08-26
Applicant: David F. Kronholm , Jan C. Hummelen , Alexander B. Sieval , Patrick Van't Hof
Inventor： David F. Kronholm , Jan C. Hummelen , Alexander B. Sieval , Patrick Van't Hof
IPC: G03H1/02
CPC classification number: H01L51/0047 , B82Y10/00 , B82Y30/00 , B82Y40/00 , C01B32/152 , H01L51/0558 , H01L51/4253 , Y02E10/549
Abstract: Disclosed are compositions of mixed fullerene derivatives with utility in organic semiconductors, and methods of making and using such compositions. In certain embodiments, the present invention relates to compositions of mixed fullerene derivatives further comprising one or more additional fullerene-based components within specified ranges. In certain other embodiments, the invention relates to methods of producing mixed fullerene derivatives of a specific composition from mixed fullerene starting materials, or pure fullerene derivatives of a specific composition from mixed fullerene derivatives. In yet other embodiments, the invention relates to semiconductors and devices comprising a composition of the invention.
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公开(公告)号：US07833497B2
公开(公告)日：2010-11-16
申请号：US12206469
申请日：2008-09-08
Applicant: David F. Kronholm , Jack B. Howard
Inventor： David F. Kronholm , Jack B. Howard
CPC classification number: B82Y40/00 , B01D46/0063 , B01D46/24 , B01D51/00 , B82Y30/00 , C01B32/15 , C01B32/152 , Y10S977/734 , Y10S977/842 , Y10S977/843 , Y10S977/845
Abstract: A method of processing fullerenes includes generating a gas stream having suspended soot particles and condensable gases, wherein the condensable gases comprising fullerenes, and separating at least a portion of the condensable gases from the suspended soot particles using a gas/solid separations process. At least a portion of the fullerenes in the condensable gases can be condensed and collected after separation of the condensable gases.
Abstract translation: 一种处理富勒烯的方法包括产生具有悬浮的烟灰颗粒和可冷凝气体的气流，其中包含富勒烯的可冷凝气体，并使用气/固分离方法从悬浮的烟灰颗粒中分离至少一部分可冷凝气体。 在可冷凝气体分离后，可冷凝气体中至少一部分富勒烯可被冷凝和收集。
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4.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20100127244A1
公开(公告)日：2010-05-27
申请号：US12307701
申请日：2007-07-06
Applicant: David F. Kronholm , Jan C. Hummelen , Alexander B. Sieval , Patrick Van't Hof
Inventor： David F. Kronholm , Jan C. Hummelen , Alexander B. Sieval , Patrick Van't Hof
CPC classification number: H01L51/0047 , B82Y10/00 , B82Y30/00 , B82Y40/00 , C01B32/152 , H01L51/0558 , H01L51/4253 , Y02E10/549
Abstract: Disclosed are compositions of mixed fullerene derivatives with utility in organic semiconductors, and methods of making and using such compositions. In certain embodiments, the present invention relates to compositions of mixed fullerene derivatives further comprising one or more additional fullerene-based components within specified ranges. In certain other embodiments, the invention relates to methods of producing mixed fullerene derivatives of a specific composition from mixed fullerene starting materials, or pure fullerene derivatives of a specific composition from mixed fullerene derivatives. In yet other embodiments, the invention relates to semiconductors and devices comprising a composition of the invention.
Abstract translation: 公开了在有机半导体中有用的混合富勒烯衍生物的组合物，以及制备和使用这些组合物的方法。 在某些实施方案中，本发明涉及混合富勒烯衍生物的组合物，其进一步包含一种或多种额定的富勒烯类成分在特定范围内。 在某些其它实施方案中，本发明涉及由混合富勒烯原料或具有组合的纯富勒烯衍生物从混合富勒烯衍生物制备特定组成的混合富勒烯衍生物的方法。 在其它实施方案中，本发明涉及包含本发明组合物的半导体和器件。
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公开(公告)号：US07833493B2
公开(公告)日：2010-11-16
申请号：US12127536
申请日：2008-05-27
Applicant: Jack B. Howard , David F. Kronholm , Anthony J. Modestino , Henning Richter
Inventor： Jack B. Howard , David F. Kronholm , Anthony J. Modestino , Henning Richter
CPC classification number: F23C6/02 , B01J2219/00157 , B82Y30/00 , B82Y40/00 , C01B32/15 , C01B32/152 , F23C99/00 , Y10S977/734 , Y10S977/842
Abstract: A mode of combustion and multi-component reactor to accomplish this mode of combustion are disclosed which produces fullerenes and fullerenic material by combustion. This mode consists of de-coupling an oxidation region of a flame from a post-flame region, thus giving greater control over operating parameters, such as equivalence ratio, temperature, and pressure; allows conditions of the operating parameters of the combustion reaction to be attained which would not be easily attained by conventional methods; and offers the ability to more easily stabilize the combustion reactions to allow for higher throughputs of fuel and oxidant. Several embodiments of a primary zone of a multi-component reactor are also disclosed. Said primary zone serves as the oxidation region, operates on the principle of providing recycle to the reacting combustion mixture, and which may be operated as approximately a well-mixed reactor. A secondary zone is also disclosed which provides further residence time for reaction and the ability to control operating parameters, operates on the principle of minimizing recycle of the reacting combustion mixture. The secondary zone may be operated as approximately a plug-flow reactor. The primary and secondary zones may be operated in conjunction or either one alone.
Abstract translation: 公开了实现这种燃烧模式的燃烧和多组分反应器的模式，其通过燃烧产生富勒烯和富勒烯物质。 该模式包括将来自火焰后区域的火焰的氧化区域去耦合，从而对操作参数（例如当量比，温度和压力）进行更大的控制; 允许通过常规方法不容易地获得燃烧反应的操作参数的条件; 并提供更容易稳定燃烧反应的能力，以允许更高的燃料和氧化剂产量。 还公开了多组分反应器的主要区域的几个实施方案。 所述主区域用作氧化区域，其操作原理是向反应燃烧混合物提供循环，并且可以作为大致良好混合的反应器操作。 还公开了次级区域，其提供进一步的反应停留时间和控制操作参数的能力，其操作原理是使反应燃烧混合物的循环最小化。 次级区可以作为大约一个活塞流反应器操作。 主区域和次区域可以一起操作或者单独操作。
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Patent Agency Ranking
公开(公告)号：US07771692B2
公开(公告)日：2010-08-10
申请号：US12184801
申请日：2008-08-01
Applicant: Jack B. Howard , David F. Kronholm , Anthony J. Modestino , Henning Richter
Inventor： Jack B. Howard , David F. Kronholm , Anthony J. Modestino , Henning Richter
IPC: B01J19/08
CPC classification number: F23C6/02 , B01J2219/00157 , B82Y30/00 , B82Y40/00 , C01B32/15 , C01B32/152 , F23C99/00 , Y10S977/734 , Y10S977/842
Abstract: A mode of combustion and multi-component reactor to accomplish this mode of combustion are disclosed which produces fullerenes and fullerenic material by combustion. This mode consists of de-coupling an oxidation region of a flame from a post-flame region, thus giving greater control over operating parameters, such as equivalence ratio, temperature, and pressure; allows conditions of the operating parameters of the combustion reaction to be attained which would not be easily attained by conventional methods; and offers the ability to more easily stabilize the combustion reactions to allow for higher throughputs of fuel and oxidant. Several embodiments of a primary zone of a multi-component reactor are also disclosed. Said primary zone serves as the oxidation region, operates on the principle of providing recycle to the reacting combustion mixture, and which may be operated as approximately a well-mixed reactor. A secondary zone is also disclosed which provides further residence time for reaction and the ability to control operating parameters, operates on the principle of minimizing recycle of the reacting combustion mixture. The secondary zone may be operated as approximately a plug-flow reactor. The primary and secondary zones may be operated in conjunction or either one alone.
Abstract translation: 公开了实现这种燃烧模式的燃烧和多组分反应器的模式，其通过燃烧产生富勒烯和富勒烯物质。 该模式包括将来自火焰后区域的火焰的氧化区域去耦合，从而对操作参数（例如当量比，温度和压力）进行更大的控制; 允许通过常规方法不容易地获得燃烧反应的操作参数的条件; 并提供更容易稳定燃烧反应的能力，以允许更高的燃料和氧化剂产量。 还公开了多组分反应器的主要区域的几个实施方案。 所述主区域用作氧化区域，其操作原理是向反应燃烧混合物提供循环，并且可以作为大致良好混合的反应器操作。 还公开了次级区域，其提供进一步的反应停留时间和控制操作参数的能力，其操作原理是使反应燃烧混合物的循环最小化。 次级区可以作为大约一个活塞流反应器操作。 主区域和次区域可以一起操作或者单独操作。
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公开(公告)号：US20090004069A1
公开(公告)日：2009-01-01
申请号：US12206469
申请日：2008-09-08
Applicant: David F. KRONHOLM , Jack B. HOWARD
Inventor： David F. KRONHOLM , Jack B. HOWARD
IPC: B01D50/00
CPC classification number: B82Y40/00 , B01D46/0063 , B01D46/24 , B01D51/00 , B82Y30/00 , C01B32/15 , C01B32/152 , Y10S977/734 , Y10S977/842 , Y10S977/843 , Y10S977/845
Abstract: A method of processing fullerenes includes generating a gas stream having suspended soot particles and condensable gases, wherein the condensable gases comprising fullerenes, and separating at least a portion of the condensable gases from the suspended soot particles using a gas/solid separations process. At least a portion of the fullerenes in the condensable gases can be condensed and collected after separation of the condensable gases.
Abstract translation: 一种处理富勒烯的方法包括产生具有悬浮的烟灰颗粒和可冷凝气体的气流，其中包含富勒烯的可冷凝气体，并使用气/固分离方法从悬浮的烟灰颗粒中分离至少一部分可冷凝气体。 在可冷凝气体分离后，可冷凝气体中至少一部分富勒烯可被冷凝和收集。
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公开(公告)号：US20080286190A1
公开(公告)日：2008-11-20
申请号：US12184801
申请日：2008-08-01
Applicant: Jack B. HOWARD , David F. KRONHOLM , Anthony J. MODESTINO , Henning RICHTER
Inventor： Jack B. HOWARD , David F. KRONHOLM , Anthony J. MODESTINO , Henning RICHTER
IPC: C01B31/02
CPC classification number: F23C6/02 , B01J2219/00157 , B82Y30/00 , B82Y40/00 , C01B32/15 , C01B32/152 , F23C99/00 , Y10S977/734 , Y10S977/842
Abstract: A mode of combustion and multi-component reactor to accomplish this mode of combustion are disclosed which produces fullerenes and fullerenic material by combustion. This mode consists of de-coupling an oxidation region of a flame from a post-flame region, thus giving greater control over operating parameters, such as equivalence ratio, temperature, and pressure; allows conditions of the operating parameters of the combustion reaction to be attained which would not be easily attained by conventional methods; and offers the ability to more easily stabilize the combustion reactions to allow for higher throughputs of fuel and oxidant. Several embodiments of a primary zone of a multi-component reactor are also disclosed. Said primary zone serves as the oxidation region, operates on the principle of providing recycle to the reacting combustion mixture, and which may be operated as approximately a well-mixed reactor. A secondary zone is also disclosed which provides further residence time for reaction and the ability to control operating parameters, operates on the principle of minimizing recycle of the reacting combustion mixture. The secondary zone may be operated as approximately a plug-flow reactor. The primary and secondary zones may be operated in conjunction or either one alone.
Abstract translation: 公开了实现这种燃烧模式的燃烧和多组分反应器的模式，其通过燃烧产生富勒烯和富勒烯物质。 该模式包括将来自火焰后区域的火焰的氧化区域去耦合，从而对操作参数（例如当量比，温度和压力）进行更大的控制; 允许通过常规方法不容易地获得燃烧反应的操作参数的条件; 并提供更容易稳定燃烧反应的能力，以允许更高的燃料和氧化剂产量。 还公开了多组分反应器的主要区域的几个实施方案。 所述主区域用作氧化区域，其操作原理是向反应燃烧混合物提供循环，并且可以作为大致良好混合的反应器操作。 还公开了次级区域，其提供进一步的反应停留时间和控制操作参数的能力，其操作原理是使反应燃烧混合物的循环最小化。 次级区可以作为大约一个活塞流反应器操作。 主区域和次区域可以一起操作或者单独操作。
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公开(公告)号：US20080280240A1
公开(公告)日：2008-11-13
申请号：US12127536
申请日：2008-05-27
Applicant: Jack B. HOWARD , David F. KRONHOLM , Anthony J. MODESTINO , Henning RICHTER
Inventor： Jack B. HOWARD , David F. KRONHOLM , Anthony J. MODESTINO , Henning RICHTER
CPC classification number: F23C6/02 , B01J2219/00157 , B82Y30/00 , B82Y40/00 , C01B32/15 , C01B32/152 , F23C99/00 , Y10S977/734 , Y10S977/842
Abstract: A mode of combustion and multi-component reactor to accomplish this mode of combustion are disclosed which produces fullerenes and fullerenic material by combustion. This mode consists of de-coupling an oxidation region of a flame from a post-flame region, thus giving greater control over operating parameters, such as equivalence ratio, temperature, and pressure; allows conditions of the operating parameters of the combustion reaction to be attained which would not be easily attained by conventional methods; and offers the ability to more easily stabilize the combustion reactions to allow for higher throughputs of fuel and oxidant. Several embodiments of a primary zone of a multi-component reactor are also disclosed. Said primary zone serves as the oxidation region, operates on the principle of providing recycle to the reacting combustion mixture, and which may be operated as approximately a well-mixed reactor. A secondary zone is also disclosed which provides further residence time for reaction and the ability to control operating parameters, operates on the principle of minimizing recycle of the reacting combustion mixture. The secondary zone may be operated as approximately a plug-flow reactor. The primary and secondary zones may be operated in conjunction or either one alone.
Abstract translation: 公开了实现这种燃烧模式的燃烧和多组分反应器的模式，其通过燃烧产生富勒烯和富勒烯物质。 该模式包括将来自火焰后区域的火焰的氧化区域去耦合，从而对操作参数（例如当量比，温度和压力）进行更大的控制; 允许通过常规方法不容易地获得燃烧反应的操作参数的条件; 并提供更容易稳定燃烧反应的能力，以允许更高的燃料和氧化剂产量。 还公开了多组分反应器的主要区域的几个实施方案。 所述主区域用作氧化区域，其操作原理是向反应燃烧混合物提供循环，并且可以作为大致良好混合的反应器操作。 还公开了次级区域，其提供进一步的反应停留时间和控制操作参数的能力，其操作原理是使反应燃烧混合物的循环最小化。 次级区可以作为大约一个活塞流反应器操作。 主区域和次区域可以一起操作或者单独操作。
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10.发明授权公开(公告)号：US08076050B2
公开(公告)日：2011-12-13
申请号：US12307701
申请日：2007-07-06
Applicant: David F. Kronholm , Jan C. Hummelen , Alexander B. Sieval , Patrick Van't Hof
Inventor： David F. Kronholm , Jan C. Hummelen , Alexander B. Sieval , Patrick Van't Hof
IPC: G03H1/02
CPC classification number: H01L51/0047 , B82Y10/00 , B82Y30/00 , B82Y40/00 , C01B32/152 , H01L51/0558 , H01L51/4253 , Y02E10/549
Abstract: Disclosed are compositions of mixed fullerene derivatives with utility in organic semiconductors, and methods of making and using such compositions. In certain embodiments, the present invention relates to compositions of mixed fullerene derivatives further comprising one or more additional fullerene-based components within specified ranges. In certain other embodiments, the invention relates to methods of producing mixed fullerene derivatives of a specific composition from mixed fullerene starting materials, or pure fullerene derivatives of a specific composition from mixed fullerene derivatives. In yet other embodiments, the invention relates to semiconductors and devices comprising a composition of the invention.
Abstract translation: 公开了在有机半导体中有用的混合富勒烯衍生物的组合物，以及制备和使用这些组合物的方法。 在某些实施方案中，本发明涉及混合富勒烯衍生物的组合物，其进一步包含一种或多种额定的富勒烯类成分在特定范围内。 在某些其它实施方案中，本发明涉及由混合富勒烯原料或具有组合的纯富勒烯衍生物从混合富勒烯衍生物制备特定组成的混合富勒烯衍生物的方法。 在其它实施方案中，本发明涉及包含本发明组合物的半导体和器件。
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