公开(公告)号：US07999213B2

公开(公告)日：2011-08-16

申请号：US12241993

申请日：2008-09-30

申请人： Bruce K. Winker ,  Yu-Hua K Lin ,  Sridhar Narayanaswamy ,  Bing Wen

发明人： Bruce K. Winker ,  Yu-Hua K Lin ,  Sridhar Narayanaswamy ,  Bing Wen

IPC分类号： G01J1/20 ,  G02B7/188

CPC分类号： G02B26/06 ,  G02B26/0825

摘要： Provided is a compact, high-speed deformable mirror for use with an adaptive optic. The mirror or wavefront correction device corrects and/or compensates for wavefront aberrations present in a wavefront received by the optics. The mirror includes a deformable membrane which may be made of a semiconductive, metallic or insulating material. Positioned in close proximity to a front surface of the membrane is a transparent conductor, which may be covered by a window having an anti-reflective coating. A plurality of electrostatic actuators is located in close proximity to a back surface of the membrane, the conductor and actuators separated by a gap of approximately 10 μm. In operation, a bias voltage is applied to the transparent conductor and an actuator voltage is applied to the plurality of actuators. The resultant voltage differential across the membrane defines the amount of membrane deformation, which in turn compensates for distortions in a subsequently reflected wavefront.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种紧凑型高速可变形镜，可与自适应光学元件一起使用。 镜或波前校正装置校正和/或补偿由光学器件接收的波前中存在的波前像差。 反射镜包括可由半导体，金属或绝缘材料制成的可变形膜。 靠近膜的前表面定位的是透明导体，其可被具有防反射涂层的窗口覆盖。 多个静电致动器位于膜的后表面附近，导体和致动器由大约10μm的间隙隔开。 在操作中，向透明导体施加偏置电压，并且向多个致动器施加致动器电压。 跨过膜的合成电压差定义了膜变形的量，其又补偿随后反射的波前的失真。

公开(公告)号：US20100078543A1

公开(公告)日：2010-04-01

申请号：US12241993

申请日：2008-09-30

申请人： Bruce K. Winker ,  Yu-Hua K. Lin ,  Sridhar Narayamaswamy ,  Bing Wen

发明人： Bruce K. Winker ,  Yu-Hua K. Lin ,  Sridhar Narayamaswamy ,  Bing Wen

IPC分类号： G01J1/20 ,  G02B7/185

CPC分类号： G02B26/06 ,  G02B26/0825

摘要： Provided is a compact, high-speed deformable mirror for use with an adaptive optic. The mirror or wavefront correction device corrects and/or compensates for wavefront aberrations present in a wavefront received by the optics. The mirror includes a deformable membrane which may be made of a semiconductive, metallic or insulating material. Positioned in close proximity to a front surface of the membrane is a transparent conductor, which may be covered by a window having an anti-reflective coating. A plurality of electrostatic actuators is located in close proximity to a back surface of the membrane, the conductor and actuators separated by a gap of approximately 10 μm. In operation, a bias voltage is applied to the transparent conductor and an actuator voltage is applied to the plurality of actuators. The resultant voltage differential across the membrane defines the amount of membrane deformation, which in turn compensates for distortions in a subsequently reflected wavefront.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种紧凑型高速可变形镜，可与自适应光学元件一起使用。 镜或波前校正装置校正和/或补偿由光学器件接收的波前中存在的波前像差。 反射镜包括可由半导体，金属或绝缘材料制成的可变形膜。 靠近膜的前表面定位的是透明导体，其可被具有防反射涂层的窗口覆盖。 多个静电致动器位于膜的后表面附近，导体和致动器由大约10μm的间隙隔开。 在操作中，向透明导体施加偏置电压，并且向多个致动器施加致动器电压。 跨过膜的合成电压差定义了膜变形的量，其又补偿随后反射的波前的失真。

公开(公告)号：US06538712B1

公开(公告)日：2003-03-25

申请号：US09409005

申请日：1999-09-29

申请人： Bruce K. Winker ,  Zhiming Zhuang

发明人： Bruce K. Winker ,  Zhiming Zhuang

IPC分类号： G02F13363

CPC分类号： G02B5/3016 ,  G02F2413/10

摘要： An O-plate compensator is manufactured by dissolving a polyimide polymer material incorporating a plurality of bulky side-chain groups in a first solvent to form a first solution, applying the first solution to a substrate, evaporating the first solvent to form an alignment layer, buffing the alignment layer, dissolving a polymerizable liquid crystal material in a second solvent to form a second solution, applying the second solution to the alignment layer, evaporating the second solvent to form a thin film of polymerizable liquid crystal material (with a nematic phase, an alignment-layer interface having a liquid crystal pretilt angle of between approximately 25 and 65 degrees, and an air interface), adjusting the temperature of the thin film to obtain a uniform specified orientation of a director of the thin film, and polymerizing the thin film with ultraviolet radiation to achieve a liquid crystal pretilt angle of between approximately 25 and 65 degrees at the air interface.

摘要翻译： 通过将包含多个大体积侧链基团的聚酰亚胺聚合物材料溶解在第一溶剂中以形成第一溶液，将第一溶液施加到基底上，蒸发第一溶剂以形成取向层，制造O板补偿器， 抛光取向层，将可聚合液晶材料溶解在第二溶剂中以形成第二溶液，将第二溶液施加到取向层，蒸发第二溶剂以形成可聚合液晶材料的薄膜（向列相， 具有大约25度和65度之间的液晶预倾角的对准层界面和空气界面），调节薄膜的温度以获得薄膜的导向体的均匀的指定取向，并将薄的聚 薄膜具有紫外线辐射，以在空气界面处实现大约25度和65度之间的液晶预倾角。

公开(公告)号：US06239853B1

公开(公告)日：2001-05-29

申请号：US09410824

申请日：1999-10-01

申请人： Bruce K. Winker ,  Donald B. Taber

发明人： Bruce K. Winker ,  Donald B. Taber

IPC分类号： G02F11337

CPC分类号： G02F1/1323 ,  G02F1/13363 ,  G02F2001/133638 ,  G02F2413/02 ,  G02F2413/09

摘要： An assembly for restricting the angle of vision of an image emitted from an LCD screen comprising a linearly parallel arrangement of two polarizing films with at least two waveplates there between. The transmission planes of the polarizing films are at an angle, preferrably 90° to each other. At least two parallel waveplates are positioned between, the polarizing films. Each waveplate has parallel transmitting regions alternating between birefringent and isotropic regions. The waveplates are positioned in a spaced apart relationship to each other such that substantially orthogonal light passing through the first polarizing screen and one of the birefringent or isotropic alternating transmitting regions of the first waveplate will pass through the other of the alternating striped transmitting regions of the second waveplate. Light so transmitted will then pass through the second polarizing film and be viewable. At least a portion of the horizontal components of non-orthogonal light incident on the waveplate assembly will not pass through the second polarizing film This assembly results in a angle of vision narrower than from the LCD screen.

摘要翻译： 一种用于限制从LCD屏幕发射的图像的视角的组件，包括两个偏振膜的线性平行布置，其间具有至少两个波片。 偏振膜的透射平面成一角度，最好彼此成90°。 至少两个平行的波片位于偏振膜之间。 每个波片具有在双折射和各向同性区域之间交替的平行透射区域。 波片彼此间隔开地定位，使得通过第一偏振屏幕的基本上正交的光和第一波片的双折射或各向同性交替透射区域中的一个将穿过第一波片的交替条纹透射区域中的另一个， 第二波片。 然后透过的光将通过第二偏光膜并且是可见的。 入射在波片组件上的非正交光的水平分量的至少一部分将不会通过第二偏光膜。该组件导致视角比液晶显示屏窄。

公开(公告)号：US5986734A

公开(公告)日：1999-11-16

申请号：US947531

申请日：1997-07-30

申请人： Bruce K. Winker ,  Hong-Son Ryang ,  Leslie F. Warren, Jr. ,  Charles Rosenblatt ,  Zili Li ,  Young J. Chung

发明人： Bruce K. Winker ,  Hong-Son Ryang ,  Leslie F. Warren, Jr. ,  Charles Rosenblatt ,  Zili Li ,  Young J. Chung

IPC分类号： G02B5/30 ,  G02F1/13363 ,  G02F1/1337 ,  G02F1/1335

CPC分类号： G02F1/133636 ,  G02B5/3016 ,  G02F1/133632 ,  G02F1/133634 ,  G02F2413/10 ,  G02F2413/105

摘要： An O-plate compensator comprising an organic liquid crystal polymer, and methods for fabricating the same, are disclosed. The compensator is a uniaxial birefringent thin film with its extraordinary axis oriented obliquely with respect to the surface of the film. (It is noted that the birefringent thin film could be weakly biaxial.) The oblique orientation of the liquid crystal director, which is parallel to the film's extraordinary axis, is achieved by casting an organic thin film onto a surface specially prepared for orienting liquid crystals, such as obliquely deposited SiO, mechanically rubbed alignment agents. The film can either be cast from a solution of the liquid crystal polymer or from a reactive liquid crystal monomer having a nematic phase. Any solvent that may be used during the fabrication process is evaporated off and the organic thin film is held at a temperature in its nematic phase. If a reactive monomer is used, the film is then photopolymerized. Alternative embodiments of an organic O-plate include the use of smectic-A and smectic-C materials. Fabrication techniques employing these materials arc described.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种包含有机液晶聚合物的O板补偿器及其制造方法。 补偿器是单轴双折射薄膜，其非常轴相对于膜的表面倾斜定向。 （注意，双折射薄膜可以是弱双轴的）。液晶指向矢的平行于膜的非常轴的倾斜取向通过将有机薄膜浇注到特别制备用于取向液晶的表面上来实现 ，例如倾斜沉积的SiO，机械摩擦对准剂。 该膜可以由液晶聚合物的溶液或具有向列相的反应性液晶单体浇铸。 在制造过程中可以使用的任何溶剂被蒸发掉，有机薄膜保持在其向列相的温度。 如果使用反应性单体，则将该膜光聚合。 有机O板的替代实施方案包括使用近晶A和近晶C材料。 描述采用这些材料的制造技术。

公开(公告)号：US09341697B2

公开(公告)日：2016-05-17

申请号：US13531918

申请日：2012-06-25

申请人： Milind Mahajan ,  Bruce K. Winker

发明人： Milind Mahajan ,  Bruce K. Winker

IPC分类号： G01J4/00 ,  G01S1/70 ,  G01S17/42 ,  G01S17/74 ,  G01S3/783 ,  G01S7/499

CPC分类号： G01S1/70 ,  G01S3/783 ,  G01S7/499 ,  G01S17/42 ,  G01S17/74

摘要： An orientation tracking system for a moving platform includes a transmitter which generates an beam having a known polarization with respect to a predefined coordinate system. The moving platform includes an ellipsometric detector capable of detecting the polarized beam when within the line-of-sight of the transmitter, and measuring its polarization state. The polarization state indicates the rotational orientation of the moving platform with respect to the predefined coordinate system. The beam could also be used to convey guidance commands to the platform.

摘要翻译： 用于移动平台的定向跟踪系统包括发射器，其产生相对于预定坐标系具有已知极化的光束。 移动平台包括能够在发射机的视线范围内检测偏振光束并测量其偏振状态的椭圆检测器。 偏振状态表示移动平台相对于预定坐标系的旋转取向。 梁还可用于将指导命令传达到平台。

公开(公告)号：US20140118723A1

公开(公告)日：2014-05-01

申请号：US13663310

申请日：2012-10-29

申请人： Bruce K. Winker ,  Jian Ma

发明人： Bruce K. Winker ,  Jian Ma

IPC分类号： G01B11/26 ,  F41G3/32

CPC分类号： F41G3/02 ,  F41G3/14 ,  G01B11/26 ,  G01S5/163

摘要： A system for determining the spatial orientation of a movable apparatus includes at least one optical angle-of-arrival (OAOA) sensor array, each of which comprises multiple OAOA sensors arranged to provide a 360° field-of-view (FOV). At least one sensor array is mounted on and has a known spatial relationship to a movable apparatus, the spatial orientation of which is to be determined. Point sources are located at one or more stationary positions within the FOV of at least one of the mounted arrays. An initial-north-finding/initial-vertical-finding (INF/INV) system determines the spatial orientation of at least one of the point sources. Processing circuitry coupled to the INF/INV system and the sensor arrays derives the spatial orientation of the mounted arrays—and thereby the spatial orientation of the apparatus—based on the angular positions of the stationary point sources detected by the mounted arrays.

摘要翻译： 用于确定可移动装置的空间取向的系统包括至少一个光学到达角（OAOA）传感器阵列，每个传感器阵列包括布置成提供360°视场（FOV）的多个OAOA传感器。 至少一个传感器阵列安装在可移动装置上，并且具有与待确定其空间取向的可移动装置的已知空间关系。 点源位于至少一个安装的阵列的FOV内的一个或多个固定位置。 初始北寻找/初始垂直寻找（INF / INV）系统确定至少一个点源的空间取向。 耦合到INF / INV系统和传感器阵列的处理电路导出安装的阵列的空间取向，从而基于由安装的阵列检测到的固定点源的角位置导致装置的空间取向。

公开(公告)号：US08334499B2

公开(公告)日：2012-12-18

申请号：US12401027

申请日：2009-03-10

申请人： Jian Ma ,  Bruce K. Winker

发明人： Jian Ma ,  Bruce K. Winker

IPC分类号： H01J3/14 ,  G01C21/02 ,  G01B11/14

CPC分类号： G01S3/783

摘要： An optical angle of arrival measurement system uses an optical element to form at least one narrow width line on a focal plane array (FPA) which is oblique with respect to the FPA's row and column axes and which traverses at least two rows or columns along its length; forming two perpendicular narrow width lines in a cross-pattern is preferred. Interpolating the position of the lines on the FPA provides coordinates that can be used to calculate the optical angle of arrival in accordance with θx=A(x)·tan−1(x/f), and θy=B(y)·tan−1(y/f), where f is the focal length of the optical element, and A(x) and B(y) are parameters that account for optical distortion and other imperfections of the system. The resolution δθ of the angle of arrival measurement can be improved to at least δθ˜(d/n)/f, where d is the FPA pixel width and n is the length in pixels of the imaged line.

摘要翻译： 光学入射测量系统使用光学元件在焦平面阵列（FPA）上形成至少一条窄宽线，该焦平面阵列相对于FPA的行和列轴线是倾斜的，并且沿其沿着至少两行或多列 长度; 以交叉图案形成两条垂直的窄宽线是优选的。 插入FPA上的线的位置提供了可以用于根据＆Thetas计算光学入射角的坐标; x = A（x）·tan-1（x / f）和＆thetas; y = B（ y）·tan-1（y / f），其中f是光学元件的焦距，A（x）和B（y）是考虑系统的光学失真和其他缺陷的参数。 分辨率δ＆thetas; （d / n）/ f，其中d是FPA像素宽度，n是成像线的像素长度。

公开(公告)号：US20090285583A1

公开(公告)日：2009-11-19

申请号：US12121626

申请日：2008-05-15

申请人： Bruce K. Winker ,  Bing Wen ,  Jian Ma

发明人： Bruce K. Winker ,  Bing Wen ,  Jian Ma

IPC分类号： H04B10/00

CPC分类号： H04B10/1125 ,  H04B10/2587

摘要： An optical communication system may include a light transmission unit transmitting a light beam having a first polarization, a quarter waveplate to receive the light beam and to modify the light beam to have a second polarization, and a retroreflector to receive the light beam from the quarter waveplate and reflect the light beam to the quarter waveplate, which modifies the light beam to have a third polarization. The optical communication system may also include a half waveplate to modify the first polarization such that the first polarization is about 90 degrees rotated compared to the third polarization, and a polarizer to pass the light beam having the third polarization and to block most of the light beam having the first polarization.

摘要翻译： 光通信系统可以包括透光单元，透光单元透射具有第一偏振的光束，四分之一波片以接收光束并修改光束以具有第二偏振;以及后向反射器，用于接收来自四分之一的光束 波片并将光束反射到四分之一波片，其将光束修改为具有第三偏振。 光通信系统还可以包括半波片，以修改第一偏振，使得第一偏振与第三偏振相比旋转大约90度;以及偏振器，以通过具有第三偏振的光束并阻止大部分光 具有第一极化的光束。

公开(公告)号：US20090168137A1

公开(公告)日：2009-07-02

申请号：US12402344

申请日：2009-03-11

申请人： Bing Wen ,  Milind P. Mahajan ,  Bruce K. Winker

发明人： Bing Wen ,  Milind P. Mahajan ,  Bruce K. Winker

IPC分类号： G02F1/1347 ,  G02F1/01 ,  G02F1/23

CPC分类号： G02B27/286

摘要： A switchable apochromatic polarization rotator is provided. A first fixed waveplate has a first principal axis fixed in a first orientation. A second fixed waveplate has a second principal axis fixed in a second orientation. First and second switchable waveplates have principal axes oriented such that broad spectral range electromagnetic radiation transmitted through all of the waveplates has a first rotated polarization, wherein, in response to one or more control signals applied to the switchable waveplates, the principal axes of the switchable waveplates rotate such that the electromagnetic radiation transmitted through all of the waveplates has a second rotated polarization. The switchable waveplates utilize ferroelectric liquid crystal material, nematic liquid crystal material, or be mechanically rotated to adjust for orientation of their principal axes. Utilizing waveplates as described may be used to tune for a desired spectral range and/or compensate for temperature dependencies.

摘要翻译： 提供可切换的复消色偏振旋转器。 第一固定波片具有以第一取向固定的第一主轴。 第二固定波片具有以第二取向固定的第二主轴。 第一和第二可切换波片具有主轴定向，使得透射通过所有波片的宽光谱范围电磁辐射具有第一旋转偏振，其中响应于施加到可切换波片的一个或多个控制信号，可切换的主轴 波片旋转，使得透过所有波片的电磁辐射具有第二旋转极化。 可切换波片利用铁电液晶材料，向列型液晶材料，或机械旋转以调整其主轴的取向。 利用如上所述的波片可用于调谐所需的光谱范围和/或补偿温度依赖性。