公开(公告)号：US08055318B1

公开(公告)日：2011-11-08

申请号：US12428202

申请日：2009-04-22

Applicant: Alan M. Kadin

Inventor： Alan M. Kadin

IPC: H01L39/22

CPC classification number: H01L39/225 ,  H01L39/125 ,  H01L39/2496 ,  Y10S428/93 ,  Y10S505/702 ,  Y10S505/817

Abstract: A new family of superconducting materials with critical temperature up to 55 K have recently been discovered, comprising a crystal structure with atomic layers of iron and arsenic alternating with atomic layers of rare-earth oxide or alkaline earth. The present invention identifies structures for integrated circuit elements (including Josephson junctions) in these and related materials. These superconducting circuit elements will operate at a higher temperature than low-temperature superconductors such as niobium, and may be easier to manufacture than prior-art high-temperature superconductors based on copper-oxides.

Abstract translation: 最近已经发现了一种临界温度高达55K的新型超导材料系列，其包括与原子层与稀土氧化物或碱土金属原子层交替的铁和砷的原子层的晶体结构。 本发明识别这些和相关材料中的集成电路元件（包括约瑟夫逊结）的结构。 这些超导电路元件将在比诸如铌的低温超导体更高的温度下工作，并且可以比基于氧化铜的现有技术的高温超导体更容易制造。

公开(公告)号：US20190258254A1

公开(公告)日：2019-08-22

申请号：US16281956

申请日：2019-02-21

Applicant: Alan M. Kadin

Inventor： Alan M. Kadin

IPC: G05D1/00 ,  G05D1/02 ,  G06N3/00 ,  G06F17/50

Abstract: Consciousness is widely considered to be a mysterious and uniquely human trait, which cannot be achieved artificially. On the contrary, a system and method are disclosed for a computational machine that can recognize itself and other agents in a dynamic environment, in a way that seems quite similar to biological consciousness in humans and animals. The machine comprises an artificial neural network configured to identify correlated temporal patterns and attribute causality and agency. The machine is further configured to construct a virtual reality environment of agents and objects based on sensor inputs, to create a coherent narrative, and to select future actions to pursue goals. Such a machine may have application to enhanced decision-making in autonomous vehicles, robotic agents, and intelligent digital assistants.

公开(公告)号：US07280623B2

公开(公告)日：2007-10-09

申请号：US10210882

申请日：2002-08-02

Applicant: Deepnarayan Gupta ,  Oleg A. Mukhanov ,  Alan M. Kadin ,  Deborah Van Vechten

Inventor： Deepnarayan Gupta ,  Oleg A. Mukhanov ,  Alan M. Kadin ,  Deborah Van Vechten

IPC: H03D1/00 ,  H04B1/69

CPC classification number: H04B1/001 ,  H04B1/0003 ,  H04B1/406 ,  H04B1/707 ,  H04B1/713

Abstract: Digital RF correlation based signal processing arrangements allow for the development of software—controlled radio reception without the need for down-conversion to IF frequencies. Various arrangements are implemented using superconducting RSFQ logic enabling the clock and processing speeds required.

Abstract translation: 基于数字RF相关的信号处理装置允许开发软件控制的无线电接收，而不需要下变频到IF频率。 使用超导RSFQ逻辑实现各种布置，从而实现所需的时钟和处理速度。

公开(公告)号：US08971977B2

公开(公告)日：2015-03-03

申请号：US13349641

申请日：2012-01-13

Applicant: Oleg A. Mukhanov ,  Alan M. Kadin ,  Ivan P. Nevirkovets ,  Igor V. Vernik

Inventor： Oleg A. Mukhanov ,  Alan M. Kadin ,  Ivan P. Nevirkovets ,  Igor V. Vernik

IPC: H01L39/22 ,  G11C11/44 ,  H01L29/06 ,  H01L39/24

CPC classification number: G11C11/44 ,  G11C11/161 ,  G11C11/1659 ,  G11C11/1673 ,  G11C11/1675 ,  H01L39/025 ,  H01L39/223 ,  H01L39/2493 ,  Y10S505/832

Abstract: A superconducting memory cell includes a magnetic Josephson junction (MJJ) with a ferromagnetic material, having at least two switchable states of magnetization. The binary state of the MJJ manifests itself as a pulse appearing, or not appearing, on the output. A superconducting memory includes an array of memory cells. Each memory cell includes a comparator with at least one MJJ. Selected X and Y-directional write lines in their combination are capable of switching the magnetization of the MJJ. A superconducting device includes a first and a second junction in a stacked configuration. The first junction has an insulating layer barrier, and the second junction has an insulating layer sandwiched in-between two ferromagnetic layers as barrier. An electrical signal inputted across the first junction is amplified across the second junction.

Abstract translation: 超导存储单元包括具有铁磁材料的磁性约瑟夫逊结（MJJ），具有至少两个可切换的磁化状态。 MJJ的二进制状态表现为输出上出现或未出现的脉冲。 超导存储器包括存储器单元阵列。 每个存储单元包括具有至少一个MJJ的比较器。 组合中选定的X和Y方向写入线能够切换MJJ的磁化。 超导装置包括堆叠构型的第一和第二结。 第一结具有绝缘层阻挡层，并且第二接头具有夹在两个铁磁层之间的绝缘层作为阻挡层。 跨越第一结输入的电信号跨越第二结放大。

公开(公告)号：US08970217B1

公开(公告)日：2015-03-03

申请号：US13086793

申请日：2011-04-14

Applicant: Alan M. Kadin

Inventor： Alan M. Kadin

IPC: G01R33/48 ,  G01R33/56

CPC classification number: G01R33/56 ,  G01R33/3621 ,  G01R33/3678

Abstract: Signals of interest in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) systems comprise narrowband, circularly polarized (CP) radio-frequency magnetic fields from rotating atomic nuclei. Background “body noise” may comprise broadband, linearly polarized (LP) magnetic fields from thermally-activated eddy currents, and may exceed the signal in a band of interest, limiting the imaging resolution and requiring excessive averaging times. Noise may be selectively detected and substantially suppressed, while enhancing the signal of interest, using appropriate digital time-domain algorithms. At least two quadrature receiving antennas may be employed to distinguish and separate the LP noise from the CP signal. At least one broadband receiver may be used to identify and localize fast noise sources and to digitally filter the representation of their radio-frequency magnetic fields in the signal. Selective body noise reduction may allow enhanced signal-to-noise ratio of the system, leading to improved imaging resolution and shorter scan time.

Abstract translation: 磁共振成像（MRI）系统感兴趣的信号包括来自旋转原子核的窄带，圆偏振（CP）射频磁场。 背景技术“身体噪声”可以包括来自热激活涡流的宽带，线偏振（LP）磁场，并且可能超过感兴趣的频带中的信号，限制了成像分辨率并且需要过多的平均时间。 可以使用合适的数字时域算法，在增强感兴趣的信号的同时，有选择地检测和显着地抑制噪声。 可以使用至少两个正交接收天线来区分和分离LP噪声与CP信号。 可以使用至少一个宽带接收机来识别和定位快速噪声源，并且对信号中的它们的射频磁场的表示进行数字滤波。 选择性的身体噪声降低可以允许系统的增强的信噪比，从而提高成像分辨率和缩短扫描时间。

公开(公告)号：US08593141B1

公开(公告)日：2013-11-26

申请号：US12954291

申请日：2010-11-24

Applicant: Masoud Radparvar ,  Alan M. Kadin

Inventor： Masoud Radparvar ,  Alan M. Kadin

IPC: G01V3/00 ,  G01R33/20

CPC classification number: G01R33/326 ,  G01R33/323 ,  G01R33/3621 ,  G01R33/445 ,  G01R33/50 ,  G01R33/567

Abstract: A magnetic resonance system, comprising at least one SQUID, configured to receive a radio frequency electromagnetic signal, in a circuit configured to produce a pulsatile output having a minimum pulse frequency of at least 1 GHz which is analyzed in a processor with respect to a timebase, to generate a digital signal representing magnetic resonance information. The processor may comprise at least one rapid single flux quantum circuit. The magnetic resonance information may be image information. A plurality of SQUIDs may be provided, fed by a plurality of antennas in a spatial array, to provide parallel data acquisition. A broadband excitation may be provided to address a range of voxels per excitation cycle. The processor may digitally compensate for magnetic field inhomogeneities.

Abstract translation: 一种磁共振系统，包括至少一个SQUID，其被配置为在电路中接收射频电磁信号，所述电路被配置为产生具有至少1GHz的最小脉冲频率的脉冲输出，其在处理器中相对于时基 以产生表示磁共振信息的数字信号。 处理器可以包括至少一个快速单通量量子电路。 磁共振信息可以是图像信息。 可以提供由空间阵列中的多个天线馈送的多个SQUID，以提供并行数据采集。 可以提供宽带激励以解决每个激励周期的体素范围。 处理器可以数字地补偿磁场不均匀性。

公开(公告)号：US4608296A

公开(公告)日：1986-08-26

申请号：US558616

申请日：1983-12-06

Applicant: John E. Keem ,  Stanford R. Ovshinsky ,  Hossein Sadate-Akhavi ,  Juei-Teng Chen ,  Alan M. Kadin

Inventor： John E. Keem ,  Stanford R. Ovshinsky ,  Hossein Sadate-Akhavi ,  Juei-Teng Chen ,  Alan M. Kadin

IPC: C01B31/30 ,  C01B33/06 ,  H01B12/00 ,  H01L39/14 ,  H01L39/22 ,  H01L21/203

CPC classification number: H01L39/14 ,  Y10S428/93 ,  Y10S505/813 ,  Y10S505/865 ,  Y10S505/874 ,  Y10T428/24967 ,  Y10T428/24975 ,  Y10T428/268 ,  Y10T428/31678

Abstract: Superconducting films and devices are provided which exhibit an AC to DC conversion effect of an RF AC input signal. The films can be microscopically inhomogeneous with granular or columnar microstructures in layered or nonlayered structures, which provide the conversion effect with and without an applied magnetic field. The films also can be multilayer films which provide the conversion effect with a magnetic field applied to the films. The multilayer films are substantially compositionally homogeneous within the layers and the microscopically inhomogeneous films are substantially compositionally homogeneous throughout, but include structural inhomogeneities.

Abstract translation: 提供具有RF AC输入信号的AC至DC转换效果的超导膜和器件。 这些膜在层状或非层状结构中可以与微粒状或柱状微结构显微不均匀，这提供了具有和不具有施加的磁场的转换效应。 膜也可以是提供施加到膜的磁场的转换效果的多层膜。 多层膜在层内基本上组成均匀，并且显微不均匀膜在整个过程中基本上组成均匀，但包括结构不均匀性。

公开(公告)号：US11906965B2

公开(公告)日：2024-02-20

申请号：US17447454

申请日：2021-09-13

Applicant: Alan M. Kadin

Inventor： Alan M. Kadin

IPC: G05D1/00 ,  G06K9/46 ,  B60W50/14 ,  G06N3/006 ,  G05D1/02 ,  G06F30/20 ,  G06N3/04 ,  G06N5/04 ,  G06N5/043 ,  G06F18/21

CPC classification number: G05D1/0088 ,  G05D1/0221 ,  G06F18/2178 ,  G06F30/20 ,  G06N3/006 ,  G06N3/04 ,  G06N5/042 ,  G06N5/043

Abstract: Consciousness is widely considered to be a mysterious and uniquely human trait, which cannot be achieved artificially. On the contrary, a system and method are disclosed for a computational machine that can recognize itself and other agents in a dynamic environment, in a way that seems quite similar to biological consciousness in humans and animals. The machine comprises an artificial neural network configured to identify correlated temporal patterns and attribute causality and agency. The machine is further configured to construct a virtual reality environment of agents and objects based on sensor inputs, to create a coherent narrative, and to select future actions to pursue goals. Such a machine may have application to enhanced decision-making in autonomous vehicles, robotic agents, and intelligent digital assistants.

公开(公告)号：US08618799B1

公开(公告)日：2013-12-31

申请号：US13478175

申请日：2012-05-23

Applicant: Masoud Radparvar ,  Alan M. Kadin ,  Elie K. Track ,  Richard E. Hitt, Jr.

Inventor： Masoud Radparvar ,  Alan M. Kadin ,  Elie K. Track ,  Richard E. Hitt, Jr.

IPC: G01V3/00 ,  G01R33/20

CPC classification number: G01R33/326 ,  G01R33/323 ,  G01R33/3621 ,  G01R33/445 ,  G01R33/50 ,  G01R33/567

Abstract: A magnetic resonance system, comprising at least one SQUID, configured to receive a radio frequency electromagnetic signal, in a circuit configured to produce a pulsatile output having a minimum pulse frequency of at least 1 GHz which is analyzed in a processor with respect to a timebase, to generate a digital signal representing magnetic resonance information. The processor may comprise at least one rapid single flux quantum circuit. The magnetic resonance information may be image information. A plurality of SQUIDs may be provided, fed by a plurality of antennas in a spatial array, to provide parallel data acquisition. A broadband excitation may be provided to address a range of voxels per excitation cycle. The processor may digitally compensate for magnetic field inhomogeneities.

Abstract translation: 一种磁共振系统，包括至少一个SQUID，其被配置为在电路中接收射频电磁信号，所述电路被配置为产生具有至少1GHz的最小脉冲频率的脉冲输出，其在处理器中相对于时基 以产生表示磁共振信息的数字信号。 处理器可以包括至少一个快速单通量量子电路。 磁共振信息可以是图像信息。 可以提供多个SQUID，由空间阵列中的多个天线馈送，以提供并行数据采集。 可以提供宽带激励以解决每个激励周期的体素范围。 处理器可以数字地补偿磁场不均匀性。

公开(公告)号：US4723994A

公开(公告)日：1988-02-09

申请号：US919931

申请日：1986-10-17

Applicant: Stanford R. Ovshinsky ,  Hellmut Fritzsche ,  Julius J. Harwood ,  Alan M. Kadin ,  John E. Keem

Inventor： Stanford R. Ovshinsky ,  Hellmut Fritzsche ,  Julius J. Harwood ,  Alan M. Kadin ,  John E. Keem

IPC: B22F9/08 ,  B22F9/14 ,  H01F1/057 ,  H01F1/02

CPC classification number: H01F1/0574 ,  B22F9/08 ,  B22F9/14 ,  H01F1/0571

Abstract: A method of forming a magnetic material. The magnetic material is a solid mass of grains, and has magnetic parameters characterized by: (1) a maximum magnetic energy product, (BH).sub.max, greater than 15 megagaussoersteds; and (2) a remanence greater than 9 kilogauss. The magnetic material is prepared by a two step solidification, heat treatment process. The solidification process is carried out by: (a) providing a molten precursor alloy; (b) atomizing the molten alloy through nozzle means to form individual droplets of the molten alloy; and (c) quenching the droplets of the molten alloy to form solid particles of the alloy. The solid particles have a morphology characterized as being one or more of (i) amorphous; (ii) microcrystalline; or (iii) polycrystalline. The grains within the solid have, at this stage of the process, an average grain characteristic dimension less than that of the heat treated magnetic material. In the second, or heat treating, stage of the process, the atomized solid particles are heat treated to form a solid material comprised or grains meeting at grain boundaries. The grains and grain boundaries have the morphology of the magnetic material.

Abstract translation: 一种形成磁性材料的方法。 磁性材料是固体颗粒，具有磁性参数，其特征在于：（1）最大磁能积（BH）max，大于15兆比特; 和（2）大于9千字节的剩磁。 磁性材料通过两步固化，热处理工艺制备。 凝固过程通过以下步骤进行：（a）提供熔融前体合金; （b）通过喷嘴装置使熔融合金雾化以形成熔融合金的单个液滴; 和（c）淬灭熔融合金的液滴以形成合金的固体颗粒。 固体颗粒具有以下特征的形态：（i）无定形的一种或多种; （ii）微晶; 或（iii）多晶。 在该过程的这个阶段，固体颗粒的平均颗粒特征尺寸小于热处理的磁性材料的平均颗粒特征尺寸。 在该方法的第二阶段或热处理阶段，雾化的固体颗粒被热处理以形成在晶界处相遇的固体材料或颗粒。 晶粒和晶界具有磁性材料的形态。