Abstract:
A method and apparatus for determining electromagnetically the locations of electrically conductive bodies beneath the surface of the ground, wherein a primary electromagnetic field is generated with the aid of a loop through which a sinusoidal alternating current is passed. The loop is placed at or above the level of the ground beneath which the locations of conductive bodies shall be determined. There are currents generated in the conductive bodies which, in turn, generate a secondary electromagnetic field. The values of the amplitude and phase of the magnetic component of the thus formed total electromagnetic field are measured with the aid of coils mounted inside a probe which is lowered to different depths in a borehole. The values of the primary field phase are measured continuously by at least one reference coil which is placed outside the probe, either above or beneath the surface of the ground, within the propagation area of the primary field. The reference coil is orientated so as to receive at least one component of the magnetic field and the signals obtained form the reference coil, or the result of the processed signals, are transmitted to the receiver on a transmission line.
Abstract:
The invention relates to shot pellets for hunting in wet marshlands or corresponding wet areas. The shot has an inner core of copper or copper alloy and an outer layer of silver or silver alloy. No heavy metal will leach from the shot into the environmental surroundings, and the shot has no toxic effect on birds, even should they ingest a considerable quantity of shot. The shot is produced by granulating copper or copper alloy electrochemically to obtain shot cores, whereafter at least one layer is applied thereto. The outer layer always consists of silver or a silver alloy.
Abstract:
A process for batchwise working-up valuable metals containing recycling materials having a content of organic constituents so high that its use as smelting materials in conventional metal smelting processes is not suitably or even possible. The material is charged to a tiltable reactor rotatable along its own longitudinal axis having a common opening for charging and emptying. The material is heated to a temperature promoting the expulsion of organic constituents by pyrolysis and/or combustion. The material consists at least to an essential part of such size fractions that admits a continuous charging during operation. The process is characterized in that said material during operation is charged continuously in an adjustable stream being controlled and/or adjusted by means of running measurements of different process variables so that the flow and composition of the combustible gas and the heat release is kept under control. A worked-up product substantially free from any organic substance is withdrawn from the reactor and is added to a conventional metal smelting process. The material is suitably supplied during operation by means of a charging equipment provided against or down through the single opening of the reactor by means of gravity and/or a pneumatic transport gas.
Abstract:
A process for the treatment of complex metal sulphide materials and for the recovery of metal values from such materials. The process involves first subjecting the material to a leaching process under conditions such that sulphide-sulphur is oxidized to sulphate and such that oxidized iron and impurities such as As will pass into solution, whereafter the leaching residue is melted for conventional pyrometallurgical recovery of the metal values.Different embodiments of the process provide for the recovery of precious metal values from refractory materials containing such values and for the recovery of metal from complex copper concentrate and complex nickel concentrate.
Abstract:
A method for dealing with mercury-containing waste including button-type batteries, wherein the waste is heated in a furnace while being agitated and in the presence of elementary selenium vapour in an amount sufficient to form mercury-selenide from essentially all the mercury contained by the waste. The waste is heated to a temperature at which mercury and selenium will be present in a gaseous state and at which solid mercury-selenide will not form, and a partial pressure of oxygen is maintained at a sufficiently low level to avoid oxidation of the selenium. The thus treated mercury-freed waste is extracted from the resultant process gas and from any other solid material that may be present and is either dumped or worked-up metallurgically. After the waste has been extracted from the process gas, the process gas is cooled to extract therefrom solid, stable mercury-selenide dust suitable for dumping, whereafter the gas is passed through a filter with the intention of extracting any gaseous mercury that may remain in the gas, whereafter the thus cleansed gas is released into the atmosphere. The invention also relates to a plant for treating mercury-containing waste.
Abstract:
A process for batchwise working-up valuable metals containing recycling materials having a content of organic constituents so high that its use as smelting materials in conventional metal smelting processes is not suitably or even possible. The material is charged to a tiltable reactor rotatable along its own longitudinal axis having a common opening for charging and emptying. The material is heated to a temperature promoting the expulsion of organic constituents by pyrolys and/or combustion. The material consists at least to an essential part of such size fractions that admits a continuous charging during operation. The process is characterized in that said material during operation is charged continuously in an adjustable stream being controlled and/or adjusted by means of running measurements of different process variables so that the flow and composition of the combustible gas and the heat release is kept under control. A worked-up product substantially free from any organic substance is withdrawn from the reactor and is added to a conventional metal smelting process. The material is suitably supplied during operation by means of a charging equipment provided against or down through the single opening of the reactor by means of gravity and/or a pneumatic transport gas.
Abstract:
The invention relates to shot pellets for hunting wild game, particularly birds on wet marshlands. The pellets are also suitable for clay pigeon shooting on organized skeet ranges. The shot pellets have an inner core comprised of lead or lead alloy, and an outer layer of silver or silver alloy. The shot pellets are not influenced, or only slightly influenced by a strong hydrochloric acid environment, therewith greatly eliminating the risk of lead leaching from the pellets. The shot pellets are produced by coating shot pellet cores of lead or lead alloy electrochemically with at least one layer, wherein the outermost layer is always comprised of silver or a silver alloy.
Abstract:
A method of producing amorphous sample bodies which can be used for optical spectral analysis and X-ray spectral analysis, by fusing an analysis sample together with flux and by introducing finely-divided SiO.sub.2 in a quantity corresponding to from 1-100% of the sample quantity, prior to the fusion process. Sample bodies obtained when practicing the inventive method are used for the analysis of geological material, inorganic environmental sample material and sulfidic and/or oxidic products obtained from ferrous and non-ferrous manufacturing processes.