公开(公告)号：US3940691A

公开(公告)日：1976-02-24

申请号：US443428

申请日：1974-02-19

申请人： Walter R. Hogg

发明人： Walter R. Hogg

IPC分类号： G01N15/12 ,  G01N27/00

CPC分类号： G01N15/1227 ,  G01N15/12

摘要： A particle analyzer of the Coulter type has at least one sensing zone arrangement for generating a first train of particle pulses having a first number of particle pulses in response to passage through the sensing zone of a sample containing a plurality of particles to be counted. Generating circuitry is provided for generating a second train of particle pulses having a second number of particle pulses based upon a second sample containing a plurality of particles, or a hypothetical second sample. The second sample has a specific relationship to the first sample defined by one of either the first and second sample volume ratios, the first and second sample dilution ratio and the sensing zone volume ratio. Circuitry coupled to the first sensing zone arrangement and the generating circuitry is operative to mathematically change the first number of particle pulses and mathematically change the second number of particle pulses in the first and second trains of pulses respectively, and is further operative to combine the changed number of first and second pulses in accordance with a particular mathematical formula for providing an error corrected particle pulse count.

摘要翻译： 库尔特型粒子分析仪具有至少一个感测区域布置，用于产生具有第一数量的粒子脉冲的第一列粒子脉冲，以响应于通过包含要计数的多个粒子的样品的感测区域。 生成电路被提供用于产生具有第二数量的粒子脉冲的第二列粒子脉冲，所述第二粒子脉冲基于包含多个粒子的第二样品或假想的第二样品。 第二样品与第一和第二样品体积比率，第一和第二样品稀释比率和感测区域体积比之一定义的第一样品具有特定关系。 耦合到第一感测区域布置和发生电路的电路可操作以数学地改变第一数量的粒子脉冲并且数学地改变第一和第二列脉冲中的第二数量的粒子脉冲，并且还可操作以组合改变的 根据用于提供误差校正的粒子脉冲计数的特定数学公式的第一和第二脉冲数。

公开(公告)号：US3920961A

公开(公告)日：1975-11-18

申请号：US38621973

申请日：1973-08-06

申请人： BERG ROBERT H

发明人： BERG ROBERT H

IPC分类号： G01N15/12 ,  H01H43/00 ,  G06M11/00

CPC分类号： G01N15/1227 ,  H01H43/00

摘要： A digital timer for monitoring flow time through an orifice of a fluid sample having particles suspended therein. The digital timer includes means for presetting a sample flow time and means for providing an alarm when the flow time is greater than the preset time. The timer further includes means for automatically providing a validating signal to indicate that the apparatus has functioned properly and means for measuring digitally the preset time calibration.

摘要翻译： 一种数字定时器，用于监测通过其中悬浮有颗粒的流体样品的孔的流动时间。 数字定时器包括用于预设采样流时间的装置和当流时间大于预设时间时提供警报的装置。 定时器还包括用于自动提供验证信号以指示装置正常工作的装置和用于以数字方式测量预设时间校准的装置。

公开(公告)号：US3902053A

公开(公告)日：1975-08-26

申请号：US45178874

申请日：1974-03-18

申请人： COULTER ELECTRONICS

发明人： FIGUEROA DAVID R

IPC分类号： G01N15/12 ,  G01N15/02 ,  G06G7/18

CPC分类号： G01N15/1227

摘要： A pre-set circuit in an apparatus for measuring a dividing particle size of a particulate system operates, prior to apparatus operation, to pre-set the apparatus to indicate a selected dividing particle size. This pre-selection increases the speed at which the apparatus moves towards that particle size above and below which size predetermined fractions of the total mass of the particulate system are respectively included.

公开(公告)号：US3894221A

公开(公告)日：1975-07-08

申请号：US44726474

申请日：1974-03-01

申请人： COULTER ELECTRONICS

发明人： FIGUEROA DAVID R ,  DOTY EDWARD NEAL ,  MARINO ANTHONY

IPC分类号： G01N15/12 ,  G06G7/186 ,  H03K3/351 ,  H03K7/06 ,  G06G7/12 ,  G01N27/00

CPC分类号： H03K3/351 ,  G01N15/1227 ,  G06G7/1865 ,  H03K7/06

摘要： A speed-up circuit in an apparatus for measuring a dividing particle size of a particulate system operates to give greater weight to the particle size of particles sensed shortly after system initiation as compared to particles sensed a substantial period of time after system initiation. This increases the speed at which the system moves from an initial or reference setting towards the desired particle size above and below which size predetermined fractions of the total mass of the particulate system are respectively included.

摘要翻译： 用于测量颗粒系统的分散粒度的装置中的加速电路操作，以便在系统启动后不久感测到的颗粒的粒度比在系统启动后相当长的一段时间内感测到的颗粒更大的重量。 这增加了系统从初始或参考设置移动到高于和低于该尺寸的所需颗粒尺寸的速度，该尺寸分别包括颗粒系统的总质量的预定分数。

公开(公告)号：US3863056A

公开(公告)日：1975-01-28

申请号：US37498873

申请日：1973-06-29

申请人： COULTER ELECTRONICS

发明人： KLEIN ROBERT IVAN

IPC分类号： G01N15/12 ,  G01N33/49 ,  G01R19/00 ,  G08C25/00 ,  H04L25/02 ,  G06F7/38 ,  G01N15/00 ,  G06G7/12

CPC分类号： G01R19/0038 ,  G01N15/1227

摘要： Apparatus and method for voting out a malfunctioning channel in a system of channels carrying electric pulses. The pulses may be produced by particles passing through a sensing zone. The pulses are conducted through comparison and exclusion stages. A device for producing mean size values of the pulses is placed ahead of the comparison stage so that comparison and exclusion are performed on the basis of the mean size values of the pulses. In another embodiment, channels for counting the pulses are provided with count threshold circuits of the counting channels being positioned ahead of the devices for producing the mean size values of the pulses.

摘要翻译： 用于表示携带电脉冲的通道系统中的故障信道的装置和方法。 脉冲可以由穿过感测区域的颗粒产生。 脉冲通过比较和排除阶段进行。 用于产生脉冲平均尺寸值的装置位于比较级之前，从而基于脉冲的平均尺寸值进行比较和排除。 在另一个实施例中，用于计数脉冲的通道设置有计数通道的计数阈值电路位于装置的前方，用于产生脉冲的平均尺寸值。

公开(公告)号：US3801903A

公开(公告)日：1974-04-02

申请号：US3801903D

申请日：1972-09-11

申请人： COULTER ELECTRONICS

发明人： HOGG W

IPC分类号： G01N15/12 ,  G01N27/00

CPC分类号： G01N15/1227 ,  G01N2015/1087

摘要： Apparatus for use with apparatus operating in accordance with the principles of the Coulter electronic particle studying device, for differentiating between particles passing on axial or near axial paths through an aperture and particles passing off center. The duration of each particle pulse produced by a particle passing through the aperture is measured at some fraction of the amplitude of an artificial pulse produced in the apparatus and only those particle pulses whose thus-measured durations meet the criterion of duration established by the sensor circuitry are permitted to pass for use in pulse height analysis following the sensor. Each artificial pulse is produced from each particle pulse by choosing as the amplitude of said artificial pulse the amplitude of the particle pulse at substantially the instant that the particle causing the same is halfway through the aperture of the particle studying device, and for this purpose electronic circuitry is provided for finding the center of the particle pulse. This is done for all particle pulses, irrespective of their durations, but only pulses which have durations that meet the criterion established by the circuitry are passed, the others being discarded on the basis of their longer durations. The apparatus provides structure for deriving a duration-measuring pulse whose duration is that of the artificial pulse at its fractional amplitude, converting the signal into one which has an amplitude proportional to duration, and then subjecting the latter signal to the criterion of duration established as an amplitude level to operate gating means automatically for rejecting the longer duration pulses and passing the shorter duration pulses.

摘要翻译： 用于根据库尔特电子粒子研究装置的原理操作的装置的装置，用于区分穿过孔的轴向或近轴向路径上的颗粒和从中心离开的颗粒。 由穿过孔径的颗粒产生的每个粒子脉冲的持续时间在装置中产生的人造脉冲的幅度的一部分被测量，并且仅测量其测量的持续时间达到由传感器电路建立的持续时间标准的那些粒子脉冲 允许传感器使用脉冲高度分析。 通过选择作为所述人造脉冲的幅度的每个人造脉冲，在基本上等于粒子研究装置的孔径的一半的粒子脉冲的大致时刻，选择粒子脉冲的振幅，为此，电子 提供用于找到粒子脉冲的中心的电路。 这是针对所有粒子脉冲进行的，不管其持续时间如何，但是只有具有满足电路建立的准则的持续时间的脉冲被传递，其他脉冲基于它们更长的持续时间被丢弃。 该装置提供用于导出持续时间测量脉冲的结构，其持续时间是其分数幅度的人造脉冲的持续时间测量脉冲，将该信号转换成具有与持续时间成比例的幅度，然后将后一信号作为持续时间标准建立为 操作门控的幅度电平自动地意味着拒绝较长持续时间的脉冲并且通过较短的持续时间脉冲。

公开(公告)号：US3783390A

公开(公告)日：1974-01-01

申请号：US3783390D

申请日：1971-02-09

申请人： HOGG W

发明人： HOGG W

IPC分类号： G01N15/12 ,  H03K5/20 ,  G01N27/00

CPC分类号： G01N15/1227 ,  G01N2015/1087

摘要： A sensor for use with apparatus operating in accordance with the principles of the Coulter electronic particle studying device, for differentiating between particles passing on axial or near axial paths through an aperture and particles passing off center. The duration of each particle pulse produced by a particle passing through the aperture is measured at some fraction of the amplitude of an artificial pulse produced in the apparatus and only those particle pulses whose thus-measured durations meets the criterion of duration established by the electronic circuitry are permitted to pass for use in pulse height analysis following the sensor. Each artificial pulse is produced from each particle pulse by choosing as the amplitude of said artificial pulse the amplitude of the particle pulse at substantially the instant that the particle causing the same is halfway through the aperture of the particle studying device, and for this purpose electronic circuitry is provided for finding the center of the particle pulse. This is done for all particle pulses, irrespective of their durations, but only pulses which have durations that meet the criterion established by the circuitry are passed, the others being discarded on the basis of their longer durations. The apparatus provides structure for deriving a duration-measuring pulse whose duration is that of the artificial pulse at its fractional amplitude, converting the signal into one which has an amplitude proportional to duration, and then subjecting the latter signal to the criterion of duration established as an amplitude level to operate gating means automatically for rejecting the longer duration pulses and passing the shorter duration pulses.

摘要翻译： 用于根据库尔特电子粒子研究装置的原理操作的装置的传感器，用于区分穿过孔的轴向或近轴向路径上的颗粒和通过中心的颗粒。 由穿过孔径的颗粒产生的每个粒子脉冲的持续时间在装置中产生的人造脉冲的幅度的一部分被测量，并且仅测量其测量的持续时间满足由电子电路建立的持续时间标准的那些粒子脉冲 允许传感器使用脉冲高度分析。 通过选择作为所述人造脉冲的幅度的每个人造脉冲，在基本上等于粒子研究装置的孔径的一半的粒子脉冲的大致时刻，选择粒子脉冲的振幅，为此，电子 提供用于找到粒子脉冲的中心的电路。 这是针对所有粒子脉冲进行的，不管其持续时间如何，但是只有具有满足电路建立的准则的持续时间的脉冲被传递，其他脉冲基于它们更长的持续时间被丢弃。 该装置提供用于导出持续时间测量脉冲的结构，其持续时间是其分数幅度的人造脉冲的持续时间测量脉冲，将该信号转换成具有与持续时间成比例的幅度，然后将后一个信号作为持续时间的标准建立为 操作门控的幅度电平自动地意味着拒绝较长持续时间的脉冲并且通过较短的持续时间脉冲。

公开(公告)号：US3781674A

公开(公告)日：1973-12-25

申请号：US3781674D

申请日：1971-07-22

申请人： COULTER ELECTRONICS

发明人： CLAPS W

IPC分类号： G01N15/12 ,  G01N27/08

CPC分类号： G01N15/1227

摘要： By discriminating against signal rise time, i.e., the duration of the leading edge of a signal, noise signals can be excluded from data transmisson wherein the data pulses normally have slower rise times, even though both noise and data pulses exceed low threshold settings. When the subject discrimination is employed in the environment of a Coulter particle analyzing apparatus, the minimum rise time of data pulses derived from monitored particles is a known value; therefore, all signals having faster rise time can be discriminated against. The discriminator can comprise a source of clock pulses and a simple binary counter by use of which the rise time of each signal is compared with a preset time or count value. All signals having a rise time greater than the preset value causes the discriminator to enable an output gate which passes the original signal to subsequent processing and analyzing circuits for particle analysis.

摘要翻译： 通过区分信号上升时间，即信号前沿的持续时间，噪声信号可以从数据传输中排除，其中数据脉冲通常具有较慢的上升时间，即使噪声和数据脉冲都超过低阈值设置。 当在库尔特粒子分析装置的环境中采用对象歧视时，从被监视的粒子得到的数据脉冲的最小上升时间是已知值; 因此，可以区分具有更快上升时间的所有信号。 鉴别器可以包括时钟脉冲源和简单的二进制计数器，通过使用每个信号的上升时间与预设的时间或计数值进行比较。 具有大于预设值的上升时间的所有信号使得鉴别器使能将原始信号通过的后续处理和分析电路用于粒子分析的输出门。

公开(公告)号：US3757213A

公开(公告)日：1973-09-04

申请号：US3757213D

申请日：1970-05-25

申请人： COULTER ELECTRONICS

发明人： COULTER W ,  HOGG W

IPC分类号： G01N15/12 ,  G01N27/00

CPC分类号： G01N15/12 ,  G01N15/1227

摘要： The analog electrical signals from a Coulter type electronic particle analyzing apparatus are applied to a voltage-to-charge converter, only those signals having amplitudes which exceed a pre-selected threshold level are so applied. The resulting charges produced from all of the applied signals are accumulated in a device, such as an integrating circuit, and provide an output voltage the value of which is proportional to the total amplitudes of all applied signals. Accumulated for a given number of the signals, the said output voltage defines an output voltage which is proportional to the mean particle volume. Accumulated for a given volume of test suspension which is allowed to flow through the aperture of the particle analyzing apparatus, the first mentioned output signal is proportional to the ratio of total particulate volume to diluent volume. Providing a plurality of such structures, each having its threshold level set at a different value corresponding to some particle size, a plurality of outputs is available each of which provides an output signal which is proportional to the total particulate volume in the suspension above the said particle size, so that the plotting of the plurality of output signals produces the integral curve of the particulate system being examined. Using differential responsive devices between adjacent outputs provides another set of output signals which enables the differential curve of the particulate system to be constructed.

公开(公告)号：US3710264A

公开(公告)日：1973-01-09

申请号：US3710264D

申请日：1971-05-12

申请人： COULTER ELECTRONICS

发明人： DOTY E ,  HOGG W

IPC分类号： G01N15/12 ,  H03K17/02 ,  H03K5/20

CPC分类号： G01N15/1227

摘要： A sensor for use with apparatus operating in accordance with the principles of the Coulter electronic particle studying device for differentiating between signals from particles passing on axial or near axial trajectories through an aperture and particles passing off center. The particle pulse duration is measured at two or more fractions of the amplitude for each individual particle pulse. These pulse durations so measured are converted into voltages which represent the respective durations of the several fractional amplitudes and are compared with certain reference voltages. The reference voltage for one fractional amplitude is derived from a memory circuit which remembers the duration at that same fractional amplitude for the smallest of prior pulses processed by the sensor. Using this information, a reference voltage is established for that one fractional amplitude as the maximum permissible level below which the duration-representing voltage is acceptable and above which the duration-representing voltage is not acceptable. This same reference voltage derived from the memory circuit is used to establish maximum and minimum levels for the other fractional amplitude duration-representing voltages. In addition to the one duration-representing voltage falling below its reference level, the duration-representing voltages of all other fractional amplitudes must fall between the maximum and minimum reference voltages, respectively, which have been established for them in order to operate gating means to pass the particle pulse. All other pulses will be disregarded. On such account, pulses must have the proper shape and duration to be passed by the sensor. Other structure operating on the relationship between the several durations of the fractional amplitudes of each pulse irrespective of the actual durations pass or discard particle pulses depending upon their shape only, independent of duration.

摘要翻译： 一种传感器，用于根据库尔特电子粒子研究装置的原理操作的装置，用于区分通过孔径的轴向或近轴向轨迹上的颗粒的信号，并通过中心离开颗粒。 在每个单独的粒子脉冲的幅度的两个或更多个分数处测量粒子脉冲持续时间。 如此测量的这些脉冲持续时间被转换成表示几个分数振幅的相应持续时间的电压，并与某些参考电压进行比较。 一个分数幅度的参考电压是从存储电路得出的，该存储器电路记录由传感器处理的最小的先前脉冲的相同分数幅度的持续时间。 使用该信息，为该分数幅度建立参考电压作为最大允许电平，低于该最大允许电平，持续时间表示电压是可接受的，并且持续时间表示电压不可接受。 使用从存储器电路导出的相同的参考电压来建立用于其他分数幅度持续时间表示电压的最大和最小电平。 除了低于其参考电平的一个持续时间代表电压之外，所有其他分数幅度的持续时间表示电压分别必须落在为它们建立的最大和最小参考电压之间，以便操作门控装置 传递粒子脉冲。 所有其他脉冲将被忽略。 因此，脉冲必须具有适当的形状和持续时间才能被传感器传递。