Abstract:
An electronic device may include a display such as a light-emitting diode display. The electronic device may be a head-mounted device that provides a virtual reality or augmented reality environment to a user. To reduce artifacts in the display, a display may be operable in both a normal scanning mode and a partial scanning mode. In the normal scanning mode, every row of the display may be scanned in each frame. In the partial scanning mode, only a subset of the rows of the display may be scanned in each frame. The display may have a higher refresh rate in the partial scanning mode than in the normal scanning mode. The gate driver circuitry may include a shift register that includes a plurality of register circuits. At least one register circuit may have a first input and a second input that is different than the first input.
Abstract:
Thin-film transistor circuitry for a display may include conductive layers such as transparent conductive layers and metal layers and may include dielectric layers. The dielectric layers may include buffer layers, interlayer dielectric, gate insulator, and organic planarization layers. The organic planarization layers may be patterned photolithographically to form vias, trenches, and other structures. Trenches may be formed by removing the planarization layer in a strip. When planarization material is removed for forming a trench or other structure, a step is formed in the planarization material. Metal lines such as data lines and other signal lines may cross steps in the planarization material. To prevent shorts between lines, a step may have protrusions that help eliminate metal etch residue. Vias may be reduced in depth by forming metal bumps and dielectric bumps under the vias and by forming other via structures.
Abstract:
A display may have an array of pixels. A transparent conductive layer may serve as a common voltage electrode layer and may distribute a common voltage to each of the pixels. Metal layers may be used to form routing structures. One of the metal layers may be patterned to form gate lines that distribute control signals to thin-film transistors in the pixels. Touch sensor circuitry may be coupled to horizontal and vertical capacitive touch sensor electrodes formed from the transparent conductive layer. A touch sensor signal border routing path in an inactive area of the display may have openings that run parallel to the gate lines and that each overlap one of the gate lines to reduce capacitive coupling between the gate lines and the touch sensor signal border routing path.
Abstract:
A touch screen display may have a color filter layer and a thin-film transistor layer. A layer of liquid crystal material may be located between the color filter layer and the thin-film transistor (TFT) layer. The TFT layer may include thin-film transistors formed on top of a glass substrate. Each display pixel in the TFT layer may include first and second TFTs coupled in series between a data line and a storage capacitor. The first TFT may have a gate that is coupled to a gate line. The second TFT may have a gate that is coupled to a control line that is different than the gate line. A global enable signal may be provided on the control line, where the enable signal is asserted during display intervals and is deasserted during touch intervals. The second TFT may be formed using a top-gate TFT or a bottom-gate TFT arrangement.
Abstract:
An electronic device may include a display such as a light-emitting diode display. The electronic device may be a head-mounted device that provides a virtual reality or augmented reality environment to a user. To reduce artifacts in the display, a display may be operable in both a normal scanning mode and a partial scanning mode. In the normal scanning mode, every row of the display may be scanned in each frame. In the partial scanning mode, only a subset of the rows of the display may be scanned in each frame. The display may have a higher refresh rate in the partial scanning mode than in the normal scanning mode. The gate driver circuitry may include a shift register that includes a plurality of register circuits. At least one register circuit may have a first input and a second input that is different than the first input.
Abstract:
Thin-film transistor circuitry for a display may include conductive layers such as transparent conductive layers and metal layers and may include dielectric layers. The dielectric layers may include buffer layers, interlayer dielectric, gate insulator, and organic planarization layers. The organic planarization layers may be patterned photolithographically to form vias, trenches, and other structures. Trenches may be formed by removing the planarization layer in a strip. When planarization material is removed for forming a trench or other structure, a step is formed in the planarization material. Metal lines such as data lines and other signal lines may cross steps in the planarization material. To prevent shorts between lines, a step may have protrusions that help eliminate metal etch residue. Vias may be reduced in depth by forming metal bumps and dielectric bumps under the vias and by forming other via structures.
Abstract:
A display may have an array of pixels. A transparent conductive layer may serve as a common voltage electrode layer and may distribute a common voltage to each of the pixels. Metal layers may be used to form routing structures. One of the metal layers may be patterned to form gate lines that distribute control signals to thin-film transistors in the pixels. Touch sensor circuitry may be coupled to horizontal and vertical capacitive touch sensor electrodes formed from the transparent conductive layer. A touch sensor signal border routing path in an inactive area of the display may have openings that run parallel to the gate lines and that each overlap one of the gate lines to reduce capacitive coupling between the gate lines and the touch sensor signal border routing path.
Abstract:
A display may have an array of pixels that forms an active display area for displaying images. An inactive border area of the display may have contact pads to which integrated circuits and flexible printed circuits may be attached. The contact pads may be free of organic planarization layers and may be formed from multiple stacked conductive layers. The inactive portion of the display may include electrostatic discharge protection structures associated with the pads, metal layers that form signal paths extending between the pads and the pixels, interlayer dielectric layers for protecting the metal layers that form the signal paths, polysilicon footer structures that help prevent undercutting of gate insulator material in the vicinity of the pads, and other pad and signal line structures.
Abstract:
A touch screen display may include gate line driver circuitry coupled to a display pixel array. The gate driver circuitry may include gate drivers connected in a chain. A given one of the gate drivers may include a set-reset latch. The set-reset latch may have a set input and a reset input. A logic gating circuit such as a logic NOR gate may have an output directly connected to the set input. The NOR gate may have a first input coupled to an output of a preceding gate driver in the chain and a second input coupled to an output of a succeeding gate driver. The reset input may be coupled to the output of the preceding gate driver. Gate line output signals may be simultaneously asserted for each of the drivers without generating unstable scenarios where logic high signals are provided to the set and reset inputs.
Abstract:
A transistor that may be used in electronic displays to selectively activate one or more pixels. The transistor includes a metal layer, a silicon layer deposited on at least a portion of the metal layer, the silicon layer includes an extension portion that extends a distance past the metal layer, and at least three lightly doped regions positioned in the silicon layer. The at least three lightly doped regions have a lower concentration of doping atoms than other portions of the silicon layer forming the transistor.