摘要:
A scanner has an optical-electric module, an incoherent fiber bundle, and a scanner head. The incoherent fiber bundle has illumination fibers and pickup fibers. The illumination fibers carry only illumination light from a light source in the O/E module toward the scanner head. The pickup fibers carry sensed light from the scanner head to a CCD array in the O/E module. The scanner head has a light guide that receives the illumination light from the illumination fibers. The light guide is in contact with the pickup fibers in an arrangement which permits the illumination light to enter the side of the illumination fibers near the end. Illumination light reflected back into the pickup fibers is guided to the CCD array.
摘要:
A low-cost star-coupler assembly primarily for use in optical data networks is fabricated from three modular components. The first component is a support plate having at least two sets of grooves into which polymer optical fibers may be placed and a central aperture. The second component is a waveguide plate which is designed to fit in the aperture. The third component is a cover plate having alignment means for aligning the components in fixed relationship and for holding polymer optical fibers in the grooves securely in place. The coupling structure is most useful with large-core polymer optical fibers. The modular design facilitates replacement of fibers. The components may be fabricated by injection molding thereby reducing the cost.
摘要:
A method and apparatus for tapping and distributing light propagating through a polymer optical fiber (POF). Within the polymer optical fiber, one or more mirrors are constructed. At a point in the POF where an internal mirror is constructed, light traversing the POF is efficiently diverted out of the polymer optical fiber upon striking the mirror. The light so diverted passes through a dispersing region such that only diffuse light is emitted and may be put to an advantageous use. Alternatively, a controllable shutter is placed within the polymer optical fiber such that light traversing the POF is diverted out of the polymer optical fiber upon striking the mirror when the controllable shutter so permits. The controllable shutter is variable so that variable amounts of light may be selectively emitted from the POF.
摘要:
A method of synthesizing a hybrid nanomaterial substrate for use in a light emitting structure is provided comprising the steps of: (a) defining one or more light emission characteristics for the light emitting structure; (b) selecting a nanocrystal and a compatible light emitting molecule; and (c) based on the light emission characteristics synthesizing a hybrid nanomaterial substrate by selectively varying the size of the nanocrystals in the substrate, and selectively bonding the light emitting molecules to surfaces of the nanocrystals, thereby synthesizing a nanomaterial structure that is operable to define a single illuminating entity operable upon application of a single excitation energy value to generate light emissions consistent with the light emission characteristics. A novel hybrid nanomaterial is also provided consisting of a nanocrystal-luminescent molecule structure defining a single illuminating entity with light emission affecting structural characteristics that vary across surfaces defined by the nanocrystals based on (a) selective variability of the size of the nanocrystals; and (b) selective variability across the substrate of the concentration of the luminescent molecule bonded to surfaces of the nanocrystals. Upon application to for example a diode comprising the hybrid nanomaterial of a single excitation energy value, the hybrid nanomaterial substrate converts the energy value into light emissions that across the variable substrate generates light emissions in white light range. The hybrid nanomaterial is tunable to achieve desired light emitting characteristics of the light emitting structure.
摘要:
The present invention refers to an electrode comprised of a first layer which comprises a mesoporous nanostructured hydrophobic material; and a second layer which comprises a mesoporous nanostructured hydrophilic material arranged on the first layer. In a further aspect, the present invention refers to an electrode comprised of a single layer which comprises a mixture of a mesoporous nanostructured hydrophobic material and a mesoporous nanostructured hydrophilic material; or a single layer comprised of a porous nanostructured material wherein the porous nanostructured material comprises metallic nanostructures which are bound to the surface of the porous nanostructured material. The present invention further refers to the manufacture of these electrodes and their use in metal-air batteries, supercapacitors and fuel cells.
摘要:
Disclosed is a system for analyzing user-behavior using a TaP algorithm. For example, raw data are collected and segmented to become segmented data. In this example, the TaP algorithm in combination with a sliding time window is implemented to derive a convex hull polygon. A determination of geometric properties of the derived convex hull polygon facilitates the analysis of the user-behavior.
摘要:
The present invention is directed to a method including determining an appropriate power level for a phase modulator for an optimum number of subcarriers; and applying the determined appropriate power level via a controller to produce the optimum number of subcarriers, wherein the optimum number of subcarriers enables an optical-orthogonal frequency division multiplex O-OFDM based variable rate transmitter with automatic control by a controller to produce an optimum setting based on a required rate.
摘要:
Systems and methods are disclosed to provide optical communication by using subcarriers as individual bases functions, obtaining signal constellation points of an N-dimensional pulse amplitude modulation (ND-PAM) constellation diagram as an N-dimensional Cartesian product of a one-dimensional PAM; and transmitting the N-dimensional signal constellation point over all N orthogonal subcarriers serving as individual bases functions.
摘要:
Systems and methods are disclosed with a spatial-domain-based multi-dimensional coded-modulation scheme that improves dramatically OSNR sensitivity and tolerance to fiber nonlinearities by using D-dimensional signal constellations, where D=2(2+M)N. The factor 2 originates from two polarizations, 2+M electrical basis functions are selected (2 in-phase/quadrature channels and M pulse-position like basis functions), and N represents the number of orbital angular momentum (OAM) states used in FMFs/MMFs. For single mode fiber applications N is 1.
摘要:
One exemplary embodiment of this invention provides a single-effect absorption chiller including an absorber operatively connected to a solution heat exchanger and a generator, and a condenser in fluid communication with the absorber, wherein the absorber is sized and configured to receive a feed of water from a source of water and to transfer heat to the feed of water and then to convey the feed of water to the condenser without further heat conditioning of the feed of water prior to its entry into the condenser, and wherein the condenser is sized and configured to receive the feed of water from the absorber and to transfer heat to the feed of water, thereby cooling the condenser without resorting to an external heat exchanger such as a conventional cooling tower.