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公开(公告)号：US4538227A
公开(公告)日：1985-08-27
申请号：US431384
申请日：1982-09-30
申请人： Kazuo Toraichi , Nobuyuki Otsu , Motomu Suzuki
发明人： Kazuo Toraichi , Nobuyuki Otsu , Motomu Suzuki
IPC分类号： A61B6/03 , A61B6/00 , G01B7/28 , G01B21/20 , G01N23/04 , G06T1/00 , G06T5/40 , G06T7/60 , G06T11/00 , G06F15/42
CPC分类号： G06T5/40 , G06T5/009 , G06T2207/10116 , G06T2207/30004
摘要： An image processor which can accurately and promptly obtain information about a ventricle of a living body, such as the boundary diagram, the volume, the centroid movement view and a three-dimensional view. An X-ray projection of a part to be diagnosed is quantized. The boundary and centroid of the part are obtained from the optimal ternary data using the variance of the gray-level of the image and the separation degree of a histogram. The volume and three-dimensional view of the part are obtained from this data using the gray-level method.
摘要翻译： 能够准确且及时地获取关于生物体的心室的信息的图像处理装置，例如边界图，体积，重心移动视图和三维视图。 量化被诊断部位的X射线投射。 使用图像的灰度方差和直方图的分离度，从最佳三元数据中获得该部分的边界和质心。 使用灰度方法从该数据中获得部分的体积和三维视图。
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公开(公告)号：US4536841A
公开(公告)日：1985-08-20
申请号：US464841
申请日：1983-02-08
CPC分类号： G01T3/00
摘要： The disclosure relates to a battery operated neutron spectrometer/dosimeter utilizing a microprocessor, a built-in tissue equivalent LET neutron detector, and a 128-channel pulse height analyzer with integral liquid crystal display. The apparatus calculates doses and dose rates from neutrons incident on the detector and displays a spectrum of rad or rem as a function of keV per micron of equivalent tissue and also calculates and displays accumulated dose in millirads and millirem as well as neutron dose rates in millirads per hour and millirem per hour.
摘要翻译： 本公开涉及利用微处理器的电池操作的中子谱仪/剂量计，内置组织等效的LET中子检测器和具有整体液晶显示器的128通道脉冲高度分析仪。 该装置从入射到检测器上的中子计算剂量和剂量率，并显示rad或rem的光谱作为每微克当量组织的keV的函数，并计算并显示毫升和毫里数的累积剂量以及毫升中的中子剂量率 每小时和毫升每小时。
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公开(公告)号：US4514822A
公开(公告)日：1985-04-30
申请号：US315406
申请日：1981-10-27
申请人： Lutz Schneider , Bruno Guigas
发明人： Lutz Schneider , Bruno Guigas
IPC分类号： G01N21/17 , G01R33/32 , G06F17/40 , G08C15/06 , G08C19/00 , G08C25/00 , G06F15/42 , G06F13/00
CPC分类号： G01J3/0264 , G01R33/28
摘要： A device for digital acquisition, storage and processing of time-dependent data signals, especially for the accumulation of interferograms delivered by spin resonance and infrared spectrometers, comprises an A/D converter; a main memory having random access; a disk storage; a data channel connecting the A/D converter with the main memory which data channel contains a pointer register and a word counter and carries out the direct transfer of words delivered by the A/D converter to that area of the main memory indicated by the contents of the pointer register, the number of words being defined by the contents of the word counter; and a central unit which loads the pointer register and the word counter at the beginning of each measurement period and activates the transfer of word blocks from the main memory to the disk storage and vice versa. In such a device, a significant reduction of the processing time required by the transition from one word block to the following word block is achieved by providing the data channel 3 with an addressing register 15 assigned to the pointer register 14 with a block length register 17 assigned to the word counter 16 and with a block counter 18, the address register, the block length register and the block counter 18 being loaded at the beginning of a measurement procedure from the central unit 7, whereas the pointer register 14 and the word counter16 are always loaded before starting the accumulation of each word block by transferring the data from the address or block length register 15, 17, until the number of word blocks determined by the contents of the block counter has been accumulated.
摘要翻译： 用于数字采集，存储和处理时间相关数据信号的装置，特别是用于由自旋共振和红外光谱仪传送的干涉图的积累，包括A / D转换器; 具有随机存取的主存储器; 磁盘存储; 将A / D转换器与主存储器连接的数据通道，该数据通道包含指针寄存器和字计数器，并且执行将由A / D转换器传送的字直接传送到由内容指示的主存储器的区域 指针寄存器的字数由字计数器的内容定义; 以及在每个测量周期开始时加载指针寄存器和字计数器的中央单元，并且激活从主存储器到磁盘存储器的字块的传送，反之亦然。 在这种装置中，通过向数据通道3提供分配给具有块长度寄存器17的指针寄存器14的寻址寄存器15来实现从一个字块到下一个字块的转换所需的处理时间的显着减少 分配给字计数器16并且具有块计数器18，地址寄存器，块长度寄存器和块计数器18在测量过程开始时从中央单元7加载，而指针寄存器14和字计数器16 在通过从地址或块长度寄存器15,17传送数据直到由块计数器的内容确定的字块的数量已被累积之前，始终加载每个字块的累积开始之前。
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公开(公告)号：US4504908A
公开(公告)日：1985-03-12
申请号：US358741
申请日：1982-03-15
CPC分类号： A61B6/481 , A61B6/504 , G06T5/50 , H04N5/3205 , Y10S128/922
摘要： A matched filtering method for X-ray image subtraction procedures in which an X-ray contrast medium is injected intravenously. A sequence of pre-contrast X-ray images are made during a period before the medium arrives in a blood vessel that is to be imaged and the sequence is continued through the post-contrast period and in some cases, an after-contrast period. A curve or plot of how projected intensity of the contrast medium varies as a function, h, at times (t) is determined at some prior time based on characteristic patients or, in the alternative, by using the post-contrast image data obtained from the patient presently undergoing examination. In either case a sequence of coefficients or weighting factors are produced that are proportioned to the value of the function h at the time (t) at which the corresponding image in the post-contrast sequence was acquired. By multiplying the coefficients and their time matched images, those images which have more contrast medium intensity get the most weight, which taken in conjunction with some image subtraction steps, results in maximizing contrast medium signal relative to noise and in utilizing all of the contrast medium signal.
摘要翻译： 用于X射线图像减法程序的匹配滤波方法，其中静脉内注射X射线造影剂。 在介质到达要成像的血管之前的期间内进行一系列前后对比X射线图像，并且该序列在对比后期间内以及在某些情况下为对比度后期进行。 根据特征患者在某些先前时间确定造影剂的投射强度如何作为函数h在时间（t）变化的曲线或曲线，或者替代地，通过使用从 目前正在接受检查的患者。 在任一种情况下，产生与获取对比后序列中的相应图像的时间（t）的函数h的值成比例的系数或加权因子序列。 通过将系数和它们的时间匹配图像相乘，那些具有更大造影介质强度的那些图像得到最大的权重，其结合一些图像减法步骤，导致相对于噪声最大化造影剂信号，并且利用所有造影剂 信号。
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公开(公告)号：US4403289A
公开(公告)日：1983-09-06
申请号：US209768
申请日：1980-11-24
CPC分类号： A61B6/032 , Y10S378/901
摘要： A computer tomography device in which the detectors are asymmetrically arranged with respect to the connecting line between the X-ray source, the center of rotation of the source, and the detectors, produce. The detector device produces an incomplete profile of measuring values which are supplemented with "zeros" during processing in order to form a number of measuring values of a complete profile. In order to avoid artefacts which are produced by the acute transients between measuring values and "zeros", a number of measuring values adjoining the acute transients are projected around the center of rotation and multipled by a factor so that from the zeros a smoothly increasing series of adapted measuring values is obtained.
摘要翻译： 一种计算机断层摄影装置，其中检测器相对于X射线源，源的旋转中心与检测器之间的连接线不对称地排列。 检测器装置在处理期间产生补充有“零”的测量值的不完整轮廓，以便形成完整轮廓的多个测量值。 为了避免由测量值和“零”之间的急剧瞬变产生的人为因素，将与急剧瞬变相邻的多个测量值围绕旋转中心投影并乘以一个因子，使得从零点平滑增加的系列 获得适应的测量值。
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公开(公告)号：US4375667A
公开(公告)日：1983-03-01
申请号：US220320
申请日：1980-12-29
申请人： Roy M. Buchan
发明人： Roy M. Buchan
CPC分类号： G01N1/2273 , G01F1/68 , G01N1/2247 , G01N2001/2276
摘要： A thermal anemometer is employed to detect the velocity of the air flowing through a personal air sampling device. A microprocessor system is employed to periodically read the signal from the thermal anemometer and calculate the sample air flow rate. The measured flow rate is integrated over the sample period to provide an indication of the total volume of air sampled. Flow rates need not be calibrated during the sample period to insure accurate collection data, thus providing an automated and accurate means for measuring air quality.
摘要翻译： 采用热风速计来检测流过个人空气取样装置的空气的速度。 采用微处理器系统周期性地读取来自热风速计的信号并计算样品空气流量。 测量流量在采样周期内积分，以提供采样空气总体积的指示。 在采样期间不需要校准流量，以确保精确的收集数据，从而提供自动和准确的测量空气质量的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US4370727A
公开(公告)日：1983-01-25
申请号：US156446
申请日：1980-06-04
申请人： Jean-Marie Bellet
发明人： Jean-Marie Bellet
IPC分类号： G06F15/02 , A61B5/00 , A61B5/01 , A61B10/00 , G01K7/00 , G06F19/00 , G06Q50/00 , G06F3/05 , G06F15/42
CPC分类号： A61B10/0012 , A61B5/0008 , A61B2010/0019
摘要： The present invention is intended to solve the problem of the reliable acquisition of accurate temperature data for a miniature calculator provided for the application of family planning methods. The calculator is provided with a receptacle removably carrying a thermometric probe for providing the temperature measurement in a digital form. The circuits of the probe comprise an oscillator including a temperature responsive resistance element to be placed in contact with the area of the temperature to be measured, Tx. The output frequency fx of this oscillator is a function of Tx, and is measured by a counter controlled by a signal formed from a reference frequency fr provided by a reference oscillator and further provided to a frequency divider. A comparator compares the contents of the counter to that of a memory, and in case the counter contents is higher than the stored contents, the comparator controls the entry thereof to the memory so that the probe operates as a maximum thermometer. The contents of the memory is read in serial fashion by the system of the calculator when the probe is replaced into its receptacle.
摘要翻译： 本发明旨在解决为应用计划生育方法提供的微型计算机的可靠获取精确温度数据的问题。 该计算器设置有可移除地携带温度测量头的插座，用于以数字形式提供温度测量。 探针的电路包括一个振荡器，它包括一个温度响应电阻元件，放置在与被测温度区域Tx接触的位置。 该振荡器的输出频率fx是Tx的函数，并且由由由参考振荡器提供的参考频率fr形成的信号控制的计数器测量，并进一步提供给分频器。 比较器将计数器的内容与存储器的内容进行比较，并且在计数器内容高于存储的内容的情况下，比较器将其输入到存储器，使得探针作为最大温度计操作。 当探针被更换到其容器中时，存储器的内容由计算器的系统以串行方式读取。
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公开(公告)号：US4357300A
公开(公告)日：1982-11-02
申请号：US154341
申请日：1980-05-29
CPC分类号： G01N35/1095 , G01N33/004 , G01N35/00712 , G01N35/00871 , G01N35/00693
摘要： In an apparatus for process analysis, a test substance is removed from the process stream by a probe and fed to an analysis instrument with a measured value display. Upstream of the analysis instrument, the test gas is conveyed through condensers. A monitoring unit is coupled to the analysis instruments and the processing chain without influencing the flow of data from the analysis instrument to the measured value display. The monitoring unit receives information about the entire apparatus via status sensors which are incorporated into the processing chain and into the analysis instrument. Depending on this information, the monitoring unit can intervene via solenoid valves, switches and motor potentiometers into the apparatus and alter its operation. The condition of the apparatus can also be displayed.
摘要翻译： 在用于过程分析的设备中，通过探针从测试流程中除去测试物质，并将其输入具有测量值显示的分析仪器。 分析仪器的上游，测试气体通过冷凝器输送。 监测单元耦合到分析仪器和处理链，而不影响数据从分析仪器流向测量值显示。 监视单元通过结合到处理链中的状态传感器和分析仪器接收关于整个设备的信息。 根据这些信息，监控单元可以通过电磁阀，开关和电机电位器进入设备并改变其操作。 还可以显示装置的状况。
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公开(公告)号：US4280178A
公开(公告)日：1981-07-21
申请号：US69943
申请日：1979-08-24
申请人： Menahem Nassi , James P. Stonestrom
发明人： Menahem Nassi , James P. Stonestrom
CPC分类号： A61B6/032 , Y10S378/901
摘要： An improvement is disclosed which is applicable to the method for constructing a two-dimensional representation of an object slice lying in a quasi-plane by positioning a radiation source providing a fan beam incident on the object, positioning detector means opposite the source and aligned therewith and lying in said quasi-plane for detecting radiation in said quasi-plane not absorbed or scattered by the object; effecting relative rotation between the object and the source-detector combination about an axis of rotation such that the source and detector means remain in the quasi-plane; effecting measuring projections from the source at a plurality of angular positions during the rotation to obtain a multiplicity of measured data readings from the detectors at each said projection; and reconstructing a two-dimensional representation of the object slice by convolving the data without reordering same, and scaling and back projecting same. Pursuant to the improvement, estimated detector data is generated at desired additional projection angles, by reflecting the measured detector data obtained during the said measuring projections, and the reconstruction step is performed utilizing both the measured and the estimated detector data.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种改进，其适用于通过定位提供入射在物体上的扇形光束的辐射源来构造位于准平面中的物体片的二维表示的方法，与源相对的定位检测器装置 并且位于所述准平面中，用于检测未被物体吸收或散射的所述准平面中的辐射; 在物体和源 - 检测器组合之间围绕旋转轴实现相对旋转，使得源和检测器装置保持在准平面中; 在旋转期间在多个角位置处实现来自源的测量投影，以在每个所述投影处获得来自检测器的多个测量数据读数; 并且通过卷积数据来重建对象切片的二维表示，而不重新排序，并且缩放和反向投影相同。 根据改进，通过反映在所述测量投影期间获得的测量的检测器数据，以期望的附加投影角产生估计检测器数据，并且利用测量和估计的检测器数据来执行重建步骤。
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60.发明授权Computer microscope apparatus and method for superimposing an electronically-produced image from the computer memory upon the image in the microscope's field of view 失效计算机显微镜装置和方法，用于将来自计算机存储器的电子产生的图像叠加在显微镜的视场中的图像上
公开(公告)号：US4202037A
公开(公告)日：1980-05-06
申请号：US895709
申请日：1978-04-12
CPC分类号： G02B21/367 , G02B21/00 , G06F3/033 , G06T17/00
摘要： A computer is coupled to a suitable light microscope in a closed-loop feedback system which facilitates total intervention by the operator. A graphics display electronically produces an image having two components: one, an image of the data stored in the computer's memory; and two, a set of programmed procedures and instructions available to the operator for manipulating the microscope via the computer. The graphics display is juxtaposed to, and optically aligned with, a beam splitter incorporated in the microscope. As a result, the electronically-produced image of the graphics display is superimposed pictorially upon the optical image of a preparation carried on the slide mounted in the microscope's stage. Suitable means are provided to facilitate operator control and intervention. In one embodiment, this means comprises a graphics tablet, interfaced with the computer, and provided with a hand-held stylus. Using the stylus, the operator may selectively exercise command functions, enter selected data from the preparation, and retrieve data previously stored in the computer's memory, while simultaneously looking into the oculars of the microscope. In response to operator commands, the stage of the microscope is servo controlled by the computer in any desired coordinate system. In addition, a sensor is connected between the microscope and the computer for maintaining the constant magnification ratio that facilitates a continuous superposition of the graphics display image upon the preparation image. As a result, the computer microscope of the present invention constitutes a valuable research tool having flexibility and maximum utility at a relatively modest investment.
摘要翻译： 计算机在闭环反馈系统中耦合到合适的光学显微镜，其有助于操作者的全面干预。 图形显示器电子地产生具有两个部件的图像：一个，存储在计算机存储器中的数据的图像; 和两个，一组编程的程序和指令可供操作员通过计算机操纵显微镜。 图形显示与并置在显微镜中的分束器并置并与之对准。 结果，图形显示器的电子制作图像被图像叠加在安装在显微镜平台上的载玻片上承载的制剂的光学图像上。 提供合适的手段以便于操作人员的控制和干预。 在一个实施例中，这意味着包括与计算机接口并且设置有手持式触笔的图形图形输入板。 使用触笔，操作者可以选择性地执行命令功能，从准备中输入所选择的数据，以及检索先前存储在计算机存储器中的数据，同时观察显微镜的目镜。 响应于操作员的命令，显微镜的阶段由计算机以任何所需的坐标系统伺服控制。 此外，传感器连接在显微镜和计算机之间，用于保持恒定的放大率，有利于图形显示图像在准备图像上的连续叠加。 结果，本发明的计算机显微镜构成了一种有价值的研究工具，在相对适度的投资下具有灵活性和最大效用。
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