公开(公告)号：US4035296A

公开(公告)日：1977-07-12

申请号：US616482

申请日：1975-09-24

Applicant: Edward T. Armstrong

Inventor： Edward T. Armstrong

IPC: B01D21/00 ,  C01B13/10 ,  C02F1/76 ,  C02F1/78 ,  C02F3/04 ,  C02F3/12 ,  C02F3/30 ,  C02F9/00 ,  F16L55/02 ,  F16L55/045 ,  C02C1/04

CPC classification number: C02F3/1284 ,  B01D21/00 ,  B01D21/0084 ,  B01D21/01 ,  B01D21/14 ,  B01D21/24 ,  B01D21/302 ,  B01D21/34 ,  C01B13/10 ,  C02F1/78 ,  C02F3/043 ,  C02F3/302 ,  C02F9/00 ,  F16L55/02 ,  F16L55/045 ,  C01B2201/66 ,  C02F1/76 ,  Y02W10/15

Abstract: A surge suppression system for dampening surge pressures or pipe hammer by introducing a gas into a flow conduit in such an amount that the introduced gas is in excess of that required to saturate the liquid. Preferably, the gases are those which are relatively inert or not unduly reactive and which possess relatively low saturation levels with respect to the liquid. Desirably, the gas is added through a member to the flow conduit in a vicinity of high turbulence. The surge suppression system can be utilized in generally any liquid system and particularly in a liquid transmission system.Another embodiment pertains to a scrubber or washer for generally purifying gases and may contain one or two stages to efficiently remove impurities as through the use of high solubility fluids, fluids which decompose contaminants or which contain or provide (i.e. heating stage) catalysts to decompose contaminants, oxidizing agents, or reducing agents. The scrubber contains a packed bed and the packing may be characterized as one where the inside hydraulic radius equals the hydraulic radius of the external flow channels. The washer or scrubber type apparatus is particularly suitable for treating (purifying) materials such as ozone utilized in a deodorizing or disinfecting system.Another embodiment pertains to the purification of a gas by treatment with a fluid in a flow conduit having a plug flow at its entrance containing an injection-mixing device coacting with a first high turbulence causing device and a downstream or second high turbulence causing device. The treating fluid is preferably added at the vena contracta of the first high turbulence causing device.The present invention also relates to a two stage oxidative system for the disinfection of material which may contain nitrogen commonly in the form of ammonia or ammonium as in the treatment of waste or sewage plant effluent by adding a primary oxidizing agent to the effluent to disinfect as well as to lower the pH of the effluent and by adding a secondary oxidizing agent to produce a synergistic disinfection system in which the distribution of ammonium and ammonia is shifted to nearly all ammonium. A desirable pH level is 7 or less with desirable primary oxidizing agents including aluminum chloride or ferric chloride with desirable secondary oxidizing agents including chlorine, chlorine dioxide, ozone as in oxygen or air, or sodium hypochlorite.Another aspect of the present invention relates to the nitrification of ammonia in the form of secondary effluent from a waste treatment system wherein the ammonia is converted to nitrates in a tertiary unit operation so that the effluent has low ammonia content.A rotary distributor arm comprising improved distribution nozzles and flow control accomplished by a gradual taper of the arm itself is defined which ensures a uniform flow distribution across the full radius of the distributing medium so that uniformity and optimum economy and efficiency are achieved with respect to the trickling filter itself because a uniform fluid flow is distributed across the entire top surface thereof.The invention further contemplates an injection-mixing system immersed in a contact tank utilizing efficient mixing devices for disinfection and a unique flowthrough arrangement into an influent conduit as well as through the contact tank whereby maximum dispersion of the disinfectant throughout the influent with maximum economy is achieved.The invention further relates to an activated sludge aeration system in which desirably there are no stagnant areas and maximum diffusion is achieved, efficiently.The invention further relates to a continuous treatment of a fluid by chemical reaction with a treating fluid as in an in-line reactor.The invention also relates to the efficient production of ozone by varying the oxygen feed rate, voltage, current or frequency or the ozone in oxygen concentration.The invention also relates to the enrichment of oxygen by adding air to a high-pressure holding tank containing a liquid in which oxygen is soluble, bleeding off nitrogen-rich gas and desorbing gas from the liquid at a lower pressure.

公开(公告)号：US3998714A

公开(公告)日：1976-12-21

申请号：US531095

申请日：1974-12-09

Applicant: Edward T. Armstrong

Inventor： Edward T. Armstrong

IPC: A61L2/16 ,  A61L2/20 ,  B01D21/00 ,  C01B13/10 ,  C01B13/11 ,  C02F1/24 ,  C02F1/72 ,  C02F1/76 ,  C02F1/78 ,  C02F3/00 ,  C02F3/02 ,  C02F3/04 ,  C02F3/12 ,  C02F3/30 ,  C02F3/34 ,  C02F9/00 ,  F16L55/02 ,  F16L55/045 ,  C02B3/08

CPC classification number: C02F3/121 ,  A61L2/16 ,  A61L2/20 ,  B01D21/00 ,  B01D21/01 ,  B01D21/14 ,  B01D21/24 ,  B01D21/30 ,  C01B13/10 ,  C01B13/11 ,  C02F1/24 ,  C02F1/72 ,  C02F1/78 ,  C02F3/006 ,  C02F3/02 ,  C02F3/04 ,  C02F3/043 ,  C02F3/302 ,  C02F3/34 ,  C02F9/00 ,  F16L55/02 ,  F16L55/045 ,  C01B2201/66 ,  C02F1/76 ,  Y02W10/15 ,  Y10S423/09 ,  Y10S423/17

Abstract: The present invention relates to a two stage oxidative system for the disinfection of material which may contain nitrogen commonly in the form of ammonia or ammonium as in the treatment of waste or sewage plant effluent by adding a primary oxidizing agent to the effluent to disinfect as well as to lower the pH of the effluent and by adding a secondary oxidizing agent to produce a synergistic disinfection system in which the distribution of ammonium and ammonia is shifted to nearly all ammonium. A desirable pH level is 7 or less with desirable primary oxidizing agents including aluminum chloride or ferric chloride with desirable secondary oxidizing agents including chlorine, chlorine dioxide, ozone as in oxygen or air, or sodium hypochlorite. The invention further relates to an activated sludge aeration system in which desirably there are no stagnant areas and maximum diffusion is achieved, efficiently.The invention further relates to a continuous treatment of a fluid by chemical reaction with a treating fluid as in an in-line reactor.The invention also relates to the efficient production of ozone by varying the oxygen feed rate, voltage, current or frequency or the ozone in oxygen concentration.The invention also relates to the enrichment of oxygen by adding air to a high-pressure holding tank containing a liquid in which oxygen is soluble, bleeding off nitrogen-rich gas and desorbing gas from the liquid at a lower pressure.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及用于消毒材料的二级氧化系统，其可以含有通常为氨或铵形式的氮气，如通过向废水或污水处理厂流出物中处理而将主要氧化剂加入到消毒剂中 为了降低流出物的pH值，并加入二次氧化剂以产生协同消毒系统，其中铵和氨的分布转移到几乎所有的铵。 理想的pH值为7或更低，其中所需的主要氧化剂包括氯化铝或氯化铁，以及包括氯，二氧化氯，氧气或空气中的臭氧，次氯酸钠等所需的二次氧化剂。 本发明还涉及一种活性污泥曝气系统，其中期望地不存在停滞区域并且有效地实现最大扩散。

公开(公告)号：US3899684A

公开(公告)日：1975-08-12

申请号：US47576074

申请日：1974-06-03

Applicant: OZONE INC

Inventor： TENNEY ROBERT I

IPC: C01B13/11 ,  C01B13/12 ,  F25B9/02

CPC classification number: C01B13/11 ,  C01B2201/66 ,  C01B2201/90

Abstract: A control system for an ozone generating system includes a temperature responsive portion which is responsive to the temperature of the ozonized gas by interrupting the coupling of high voltage to the electrodes of an ozone generating unit when the temperature of the ozonized gas reaches a level below the temperature at which said ozonized gas rapidly dissociates, the circulation of the gas to be ozonized through said unit continuing during the interruption of high voltage, and a timer sequencing portion for automatically initiating circulation of air through the ozone generating unit a given predetermined period prior to the coupling of high voltage to the electrodes of the ozone generating unit and for automatically terminating the coupling of high voltage to said electrodes of the ozone generating unit a given period prior to termination of air circulation when ozonization is to be terminated.

Abstract translation: 用于臭氧发生系统的控制系统包括温度响应部分，当臭氧化气体的温度达到低于臭氧气体的水平时，该温度响应部分响应臭氧化气体的温度，通过中断臭氧发生装置的电极与高压的耦合 所述臭氧化气体快速解离的温度，在高压中断期间通过所述单元进行臭氧化的气体的循环;以及定时器排序部分，用于在给定的预定时间段之前自动启动空气循环通过臭氧发生单元 高电压耦合到臭氧发生单元的电极，并且在臭氧发生终止时，在空气循环终止之前的给定时间段内自动终止与臭氧发生单元的所述电极的耦合。

公开(公告)号：US3884819A

公开(公告)日：1975-05-20

申请号：US49884574

申请日：1974-08-19

Applicant: OZONE INC

Inventor： SCHULTZ RONALD A ,  TENNEY ROBERT I

IPC: B01D53/26 ,  C01B13/11 ,  C01B13/12 ,  F25B9/02

CPC classification number: C01B13/11 ,  B01D53/26 ,  C01B2201/66 ,  C01B2201/70 ,  C01B2201/90

Abstract: A unique combination of one and preferably a pair of gas drying units for drying oxygen containing gas to be ozonized and a corona discharge ozone generating unit is provided by a vortex tube unit having an inlet for receiving dried air to be ozonized, a cool air outlet carrying the slow moving molecules of the gas to the inlet of the ozone generating unit and a warm air outlet connected through passageways extending to openings in the drying units for circulating warm air for drying saturated gas drying units. Where two drying units are provided, the air to be dried and ozonized is preferably alternately automatically fed to the inputs of the two drying units, and the warm air outlet of the vortex tube unit is alternately fed through the air drying unit so the drying unit which at a given instant is not receiving air to be dried is itself being dried by warm de-moisturizing air.

公开(公告)号：US3730881A

公开(公告)日：1973-05-01

申请号：US3730881D

申请日：1970-12-21

Applicant: ARMSTRONG E

Inventor： ARMSTRONG E

IPC: A61L2/20 ,  A61L11/00 ,  B01D21/00 ,  B01D21/34 ,  C02F1/24 ,  C02F1/36 ,  C02F1/72 ,  C02F1/76 ,  C02F1/78 ,  C02F3/00 ,  C02F3/04 ,  C02F3/12 ,  C02F3/30 ,  C02F3/34 ,  C02F9/00 ,  C02C1/08

CPC classification number: C02F9/00 ,  A61L2/202 ,  A61L11/00 ,  B01D21/00 ,  B01D21/0084 ,  B01D21/01 ,  B01D21/14 ,  B01D21/24 ,  B01D21/2427 ,  B01D21/32 ,  C01B2201/66 ,  C02F1/24 ,  C02F1/36 ,  C02F1/72 ,  C02F1/76 ,  C02F1/78 ,  C02F3/006 ,  C02F3/04 ,  C02F3/121 ,  C02F3/1294 ,  C02F3/30 ,  C02F3/302 ,  C02F3/34 ,  C02F2307/08 ,  Y02W10/15

Abstract: THE INVENTION REPRESENTS A NEW CONCEPT IN LIQUID PROCESSING PARTICULARLY IN SEWAGE TREATMENT UTILIZING AIR, OXYGEN OR A CARRIER GAS WITH OZONE AS AN ATTENUATOR OF ANAEROBIC BIOTA, FOR GENERALIZED DISINFECTION, FO AERATION, OR FOR OXYGENATION. ESSENTIALLY, UNIQUE DESIGNS AND/OR PROCESSES ARE INCORPORATED INTO THE CONVENTIONAL SETTLING TANKS ASSOCIATED WITH SEWAGE TREATMENT, AS WELL AS IN THE BIOPROCESSES, ACTIVATED SLUDGE OR TRICKLING FILTER OPERATIONS. THE STRUCTURAL IMPROVEMENTS IN SETTLING REDUCE VELOCITY, INHIBIT BOUNDAY LAYER SEPARATION AND ACT TO SUPPRESS MIXING OF THE SEWAGE TO GREATLY ENHANCE SOLID AND FLUID SEPARATION, WHILE IN THE BIOPROCESSING OPERATIONS, THE KEY IS TO IMPROVE EFFICIENCY OF THE LIQUID-GAS EXCHANGE WHEREBY MUCH BETTER OXYGEN CONTACT IS ACHIEVED. THE LIQUID-GAS EXCHANGE FEATURE UTILIZES A HIGH MOMENTUM EXCHANGE UNDER TURBULENT FLOW CONDITIONS IN A HYDRAULIC PRESSURE GRADIENT TO ACHIEVE INTIMATE MIXING OF THE DESIRED GAS IN THE FLUID SO AS TO ACHIEVE THE DESIRED VERY RELIABLE AND EFFICIENT LIQUID-GAS EXCHANGE.

公开(公告)号：US3347766A

公开(公告)日：1967-10-17

申请号：US31290063

申请日：1963-10-01

Applicant: UNION CARBIDE CORP

Inventor： DEATH FRANK S ,  MORCIO JOSEPH A

IPC: B01J19/08 ,  C01B3/34 ,  C01B13/11 ,  C07C2/80 ,  C07C45/33 ,  C07C45/40 ,  C07D323/02 ,  C08F2/52 ,  C10G15/00 ,  C21B13/12 ,  C21C5/52 ,  C22B4/00 ,  C22B9/05 ,  C22B11/02 ,  C22B15/00 ,  C22B34/32 ,  F17C13/02 ,  G10L21/00 ,  H01J37/32 ,  H03G5/20 ,  H04B1/66 ,  H05H1/32 ,  H05H1/42

CPC classification number: H05H1/42 ,  B01J19/088 ,  C01B3/342 ,  C01B13/11 ,  C01B2201/10 ,  C01B2201/14 ,  C01B2201/60 ,  C01B2201/66 ,  C07C2/80 ,  C07C45/33 ,  C07C45/40 ,  C07D323/02 ,  C10G15/00 ,  C21B13/125 ,  C21C5/52 ,  C22B4/005 ,  C22B9/05 ,  C22B11/02 ,  C22B15/006 ,  C22B34/32 ,  F17C13/02 ,  F17C2201/0109 ,  F17C2201/0119 ,  F17C2203/0629 ,  G10L21/00 ,  H01J37/32 ,  H01J37/32009 ,  H01J37/32055 ,  H03G5/20 ,  H04B1/66 ,  H05H1/32 ,  Y02E60/321 ,  Y02P10/136 ,  Y02P10/143 ,  Y02P10/216 ,  C07C11/24

Abstract: A continuous reaction is effected in a gas stream by an electric discharge at a point in the stream where the flow has been made supersonic and the pressure and temperature lowered by a substantially adiabatic expansion. Various forms of apparatus for carrying out such a process are described. The apparatus may be used for the production of ozone which is used to convert ethylene and tetramethyl-ethylene fed into the apparatus into the corresponding ozonides. On leaving the apparatus the ozonides are converted in the presence of water into formaldehyde and acetone respectively.ALSO:A continuous reaction is effected in a gas stream by an electric discharge at a point in the stream where the flow has been made supersonic and the pressure and temperature lowered by a substantially adiabatic expansion. One form of apparatus, Fig. 1, comprises a supersonic nozzle 1, a pressure reducing chamber 17 for starting the action of the nozzle and a recompression chamber 13. Gas from an inlet pipe 6 passes along a cylindrical chamber 5 to a convergent part 2 of the nozzle 1 and then expands in a divergent part 4. A hollow electrode 8 supported by insulators 9 and 10 in the chamber 5 produces a discharge at the outlet 7 of the nozzle 1. The recompression chamber 13 comprises a convergent part 14, a cylindrical part 15 and a divergent part 16. This apparatus may be used for the production of acetylene and hydrogen from methane gas, or for the cracking of other hydrocarbons. An alternative form of apparatus is described in which the electrode 8 is extended to the part 16 of the chamber 13 and is closed at the end, but is provided with side vents for the injection of methane into the part 15 of the chamber 13. Two discharges are set up, the first at the end of the nozzle 1 for producing ozone, and the second in the chamber 13 for partially oxidizing the methane.