摘要:
A novel and useful apparatus for and method of providing noise isolation between integrated circuit devices on a semiconductor chip. The invention addresses the problem of noise generated by digital switching devices in an integrated circuit chip that may couple through the silicon substrate into sensitive analog circuits (e.g., PLLs, transceivers, ADCs, etc.) causing a significant degradation in performance of the sensitive analog circuits. The invention utilizes a deep trench capacitor (DTCAP) device connected to ground to isolate victim circuits from aggressor noise sources on the same integrated circuit chip. The deep penetration of the capacitor creates a grounded shield deep in the substrate as compared with other prior art shielding techniques
摘要:
An apparatus for interfacing a wireless local area network with a wide area, cellular or public switched telephone network including the function of a wireless LAN base station or access point, and a gateway. The interface may contain one or more different types of gateways, including a PSTN voice gateway, an analog modem gateway, and others. The apparatus may also include a well designed to receive the handset or mobile computer device to recharge the battery as well as to automatically transfer data when the phone or device is secured in the well.
摘要:
Methods, systems, and apparatuses for a reader transceiver circuit are described. The reader transceiver circuit incorporates a frequency generator, such as a surface acoustic wave (SAW) oscillator. A reader incorporating the reader transceiver circuit is configured to read a tag at very close range, including while being in contact with the tag. The transceiver can be coupled to various host devices in a variety of ways, including being located in a RFID reader (e.g., mobile or fixed position), a computing device, a barcode reader, etc. The transceiver can be located in an RFID module that is attachable to a host device, can be configured in the host device, or can be configured to communicate with the host device over a distance. The RFID module may include one or more antennas, such as a first antenna configured to receive a magnetic field component of an electromagnetic wave and a second antenna configured to receive an electric field component of an electromagnetic wave. The RFID module may include a detector that is configured to determine if the RFID module is positioned in proximity to an object, such as a RFID tag. The detector may operate as a trigger for the RFID module, to enable or trigger a function of the RFID module.
摘要:
Circuits and methods are provided for building integrated transformer-coupled amplifiers with on-chip transformers that are designed to resonate or otherwise tune parasitic capacitances to achieve frequency tuning of amplifiers at millimeter wave operating frequencies.
摘要:
An integrated circuit design kit including one or more circuit components topologies, and one or more critical interconnect lines topologies. The interconnect line topologies may be predefined. The kit may further include one or more circuit components models and one or more critical interconnect lines models.
摘要:
Capacitance and inductance expressions used for modeling critical on-chip metal interconnects. A method for calculating high frequency limit capacitances C∞ and inductances L∞ of coplanar transmission line structures over silicon substrate utilizes field based expressions derived for a single coplanar T-line structures over silicon, and coupled coplanar T lines over silicon. For coupled coplanar structures, the field lines based calculation is performed separately for odd and even modes.
摘要:
A method of modeling capacitance for a structure comprising a pair of long conductors surrounded by a dielectric material and supported by a substrate. In particular, the structure may be on-clip coplanar transmission lines over a conductive substrate operated at very high frequencies, such that the substrate behaves as a perfect dielectric. It is assumed that the surrounding dielectric material is a first dielectric with a first permittivity (∈1) and the substrate is a second dielectric with a second permittivity (∈2). The method models the capacitance (C1) for values of the first and second permittivity (∈1, ∈2) based on known capacitance (C2) computed for a basis structure with the same first permittivity (∈1) and a different second permittivity (∈2). Extrapolation or interpolation formulae are suggested to model the sought capacitance (C1) through one or more known capacitances (C2).
摘要:
A method and system of determining and correcting modulation and offset effects in a received signal. A signal [s(n)] is received subject to modulation effects A on pulse shape or peak [p(n)] and vertical offset B due to multipath where “n” is a pulse rate or samples of the signal. A template of length N incorporates a replica of the original signal [s(n)] without multipath or vertical offset. The template is normalized and generates either an extended template or a balanced template. The extended template is correlated with the received signal [s(n)] by shifting the extended template along the received signal to estimate modulation effects of A at a particular time, n. The average difference between the template and the modulated signal [p(n)] is calculated to determine the magnitude of the offset B for a particular time, n.
摘要:
A method of modeling capacitance for all practical 2D on-chip wire structures including coplanar and microstrip structures. The method includes using a field lines approach (600) to obtain capacitance expressions for structure components, combining the expressions (704) for components of the subject structure and obtaining a capacitance expression (705) for the subject structure. The static capacitance matrix for the structure is calculated from the capacitance expression. The structure components can include components with parallel plate field lines, quarter circle field lines, singularity field lines, singularity field lines with restriction, double set of quarter circle field lines which are used as building blocks for the subject structure. The final capacitance expressions can be used for the modeling of critical on-chip wires and devices as well as inside a capacitance extraction tool.
摘要:
An critical interconnect line (300) for an integrated circuit is provided in which the problem of dishing of copper is addressed. An interconnect line (300) is provided for an integrated circuit in the form of a critical interconnect line modelled as a transmission line. The interconnect line (300) is formed of a conductive material having a width (302) and a length (303). The interconnect line (300) comprises at least two fingers (304, 305, 306) extending the length (303) of the interconnect line (300), an elongate aperture (309) in the conductive material separating two adjacent fingers (304, 305, 306), and one or more bridges (308) joining the fingers (304, 305, 306) at intervals along the length (303) of the interconnect line (300). The fingers (303, 304, 305) are kept within a width for which the effect of dishing acceptable width whilst the bridges (307, 308) keep the fingers (304, 305, 306) at the same potential difference.